Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury in the deceased donor: a case report

Rhabdomyolysis is a common complication among brain death donors, affecting the number of organ donations and the quality of donor kidneys. Case report: Male, 17 years old, admitted to the hospital due to a car accident. Subsequently, brown urine appeared, blood myoglobin increased significantly, urine output decreased, and renal function impaired. Treatments including fluid replacement, alkalization of urine, plasma exchange and bedside CRRT were given. The patient's renal function recovered, and the organs were successfully acquired. The renal function recovered well after transplantation. Conclusion: Attention should be paid to rhabdomyolysis. Early diagnosis and treatment of patients with brain death could improve donation success rate and the recovery of postoperative renal function

GM-CSF, Flt3-L and IL-4 affect viability and function of conventional dendritic cell types 1 and 2

Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) and conventional type 2 dendritic cells (cDC2) have attracted increasing attention as alternatives to monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) in cancer immunotherapy. Use of cDCs for therapy has been hindered by their low numbers in peripheral blood. In the present study, we found that extensive spontaneous apoptosis and cDC death in culture within 24hrs represent an additional challenge. Different media conditions that maintain cDC viability and function were investigated. CD141+ cDC1 and CD1c+ cDC2 were isolated from healthy blood donor buffy coats. Low viabilities were found with CellGenix DC, RPMI-1640, and X-VIVO 15 standard culture media and with several supplements at 24hrs and 48hrs. Among multiple factors it was found that GM-CSF improved both cDC1 and cDC2 viability, whereas Flt3-L and IL-4 only increased viability of cDC1 and cDC2, respectively. Combinations of these three cytokines improved viability of both cDCs further, both at 24hrs and 48hrs time points. Although these cytokines have been extensively investigated for their role in myeloid cell differentiation, and are also used clinically, their effects on mature cDCs remain incompletely known, in particular effects on pro-inflammatory or tolerogenic cDC features. HLA-DR, CD80, CD83, CD86, PD-L1 and PD-L2 cDC membrane expressions were relatively little affected by GM-CSF, IL-4 and Flt3-L cytokine supplements compared to the strong induction following Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation for 24hrs. With minor exceptions the three cytokines appeared to be permissive to the TLR-induced marker expression. Allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction showed that the cytokines promoted T-cell proliferation and revealed a potential to boost both Th1 and Th2 polarizing cytokines. GM-CSF and Flt3-L and their combination improved the capability of cDC1 for dextran uptake, while in cDC2, dextran capture was improved by GM-CSF. The data suggest that GM-CSF, IL-4 and Flt3-L and combinations might be beneficial for DC viability and function in vitro. Limited viability of cDCs could be a confounding variable experimentally and in immunotherapy.publishedVersio

Low efficiency roll-off phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using thermally activated delayed fluorescence hosts materials based 1, 2, 4-triazole acceptor

The host in phosphrescent organic light emitting devices (PhOLEDs), showing the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) charateristic, can effectively overcome the efficiency roll-off. Herein, six bipolar compounds with donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) and D-π-A-π-D structures have been synthesized using 1,2,4-triazole derivative (TAZ) as an acceptor and phenothiazine (PTZ), phenoxazine (PXZ), and 9, 9-dimethylacridane (DMAC) as donors. The molecular structures were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and X-ray single-crystal diffractions. The large steric hindrance endows these molecules with typical TADF features, including the small singlet-triplet energy splitting (Delta E-ST) of 0.08–0.30 eV and completely spatially separate highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) electron densities. The PhOLEDs hosted by these novel TADF materials display excellent performances with low efficiency roll-off

Proteasome‐mediated regulation of GATA2 expression and androgen receptor transcription in benign prostate epithelial cells

GATA2 has been shown to be an important transcription factor together with androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer cells. Less is known about GATA2 in benign prostate epithelial cells. We have investigated if GATA2 exogenous expression in prostate epithelial basal-like cells could induce AR transcription or luminal differentiation. Prostate epithelial basal-like (transit amplifying) cells were transduced with lentiviral vector expressing GATA2. Luminal differentiation markers were assessed by RT-qPCR, Western blot and global gene expression microarrays. We utilized our previously established AR and androgen-dependent fluorescence reporter assay to investigate AR activity at the single-cell level. Exogenous GATA2 protein was rapidly and proteasome-dependently degraded. GATA2 protein expression was rescued by the proteasome inhibitor MG132 and partly by mutating the target site of the E3 ligase FBXW7. Moreover, MG132-mediated proteasome inhibition induced AR mRNA and additional luminal marker gene transcription in the prostate transit amplifying cells. Different types of intrinsic mechanisms restricted GATA2 expression in the transit amplifying cells. The appearance of AR mRNA and additional luminal marker gene expression changes following proteasome inhibition suggests control of essential cofactor(s) of AR mRNA expression and luminal differentiation at this proteolytic level.publishedVersio

Solid state synthesis of Fe 2 P nanoparticles as high-performance anode materials for nickel-based rechargeable batteries

h i g h l i g h t s We report a new way to prepare Fe 2 P nanoparticles for the first time. Fe 2 P is firstly used as anode materials for nickel-based rechargeable batteries. The reversible discharge capacity of Fe 2 P nanoparticles is about 413 mAh g À1 . Fe 2 P nanoparticles exhibit attractive rate capability. a r t i c l e i n f

Novel blue fluorescent emitters structured by linking triphenylamine and anthracene derivatives for organic light-emitting devices with EQE exceeding 5%

Achieving an external quantum efficiency exceeding 5% for traditional blue fluorescent organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) is still a current challenge due to the 25% limit of the radiative exciton yield. Bipolar organic molecules with a special hybrid local-excited and charge-transfer state have showed huge potential to address this issue. Herein, we designed and synthesized two novel bipolar compounds, namely TPA-AN-NA and TPA-AN-TFP, which were structured by simply linking a donor of triphenylamine (TPA) and both acceptors of anthracene derivatives. Both resulting compounds show good blue emission with emission peaks at 468 and 471 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields of 30.68 and 23.96% in thin films for TPA-AN-NA and TPA-AN-TFP, respectively. They also exhibit good solubility and can dissolve in several organic solvents with different polarities. Further, the fabricated blue OLEDs with TPA-AN-NA and TPA-AN-TFP as emitters also realize the corresponding blue emission well with electroluminescence peaks at 464 and 472 nm, respectively. The TPA-AN-NA-based blue device achieves a high external quantum efficiency of 5.44% and a radiative exciton yield of 56.68%, exceeding the theoretical limit

A tribute to Michael R. Raupach for contributions to aeolian fluid dynamics

Since the pioneering work of Bagnold in the 1940s, aeolian research has grown to become an integral part of earth-system science. Many individuals have contributed to this development, and Dr. Michael R. Raupach (1950–2015) has played a pivotal role. Raupach worked intensively on wind erosion problems for about a decade (1985–1995), during which time he applied his deep knowledge of turbulence to aeolian research problems and made profound contributions with far-reaching impact. The beauty of Raupach’s work lies in his clear conceptual thinking and his ability to reduce complex problems to their bare essentials. The results of his work are fundamentally important and have many practical applications. In this review we reflect on Raupach’s contribution to a number of important aspects of aeolian research, summarise developments since his inspirational work and place Raupach’s efforts in the context of aeolian science. We also demonstrate how Raupach’s work provided a foundation for new developments in aeolian research. In this tribute, we concentrate on five areas of research: (1) drag partition theory; (2) saltation roughness length; (3) saltation bombardment; (4) threshold friction velocity and (5) the carbon cycl