sj-pdf-1-ijs-10.1177_10668969241231971 - Supplemental material for Cribriform-morular Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in a Medulloblastoma Survivor: Two Metachronous Tumors Shared with the Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ijs-10.1177_10668969241231971 for Cribriform-morular Thyroid Carcinoma Arising in a Medulloblastoma Survivor: Two Metachronous Tumors Shared with the Activation of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Minghua Luo, Yaoli Chen, Xiaomin Yin and Jian Li in International Journal of Surgical Pathology</p

Microstructural Evolution, Thermodynamics, and Kinetics of Mo-Tm2O3 Powder Mixtures during Ball Milling

The microstructural evolution, thermodynamics, and kinetics of Mo (21 wt %) Tm2O3 powder mixtures during ball milling were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Ball milling induced Tm2O3 to be decomposed and then dissolved into Mo crystal. After 96 h of ball milling, Tm2O3 was dissolved completely and the supersaturated nanocrystalline solid solution of Mo (Tm, O) was obtained. The Mo lattice parameter increased with increasing ball-milling time, opposite for the Mo grain size. The size and lattice parameter of Mo grains was about 8 nm and 0.31564 nm after 96 h of ball milling, respectively. Ball milling induced the elements of Mo, Tm, and O to be distributed uniformly in the ball-milled particles. Based on the semi-experimental theory of Miedema, a thermodynamic model was developed to calculate the driving force of phase evolution. There was no chemical driving force to form a crystal solid solution of Tm atoms in Mo crystal or an amorphous phase because the Gibbs free energy for both processes was higher than zero. For Mo (21 wt %) Tm2O3, it was mechanical work, not the negative heat of mixing, which provided the driving force to form a supersaturated nanocrystalline Mo (Tm, O) solid solution

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in evaluating of angiogenesis and tumor staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice.

ObjectiveTo explore the use of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluating angiogenesis in a xenograft nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) model in nude mice and the evolution of CEUS parameters according to the growth of NPC.MethodsNude mice were divided into three groups according to experiments conducted at various times from tumor implantation (8 mice/group; group A: 4 weeks from implantation; group B:6 weeks from implantation; group C:8 weeks from implantation). CNE-2 cells were transplanted in 24 nude mice and CEUS evaluations of the tumors were performed at 4, 6 or 8 weeks from implantation. CEUS parametric perfusion images and pathological findings were recorded. R version 3.4.4 software was used to analyze the CEUS parameters and pathological findings.ResultsOne-way anova analysis indicated statistically significant differences among the three groups with the parameters of peak intensity (PI) (pConclusionsThe CEUS parameters PI, AWI and AWO indirectly reflect the MVD and the tumor volume in our model of subcutaneous transplanted NPC in nude mice, providing precious information on angiogenesis and tumor growth. VEGF may play a role in promoting angiogenesis of NPC

Discussion on ultrasonic enhanced lignite flotation and its action mechanism

For enhancing the flotation of lignite, a new flotation method for the introduction of ultrasonic wave in flotation pulp was proposed.The results show that the yield of ultrasonic flotation clean coal is 20.31% higher than that of the conventional flotation clean coal, the ash content is reduced by about 7.94%, and the yield of-0.045 mm is increased by nearly 2 times.Using screening, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, induction time measuring instrument to study the influence of ultrasonic treatment on slime particle size and surface properties, the mechanism of ultrasonic enhanced lignite flotation was investigated.The effect of ultrasonic cleaning and breaking on the surface of coal particles decreases the adhesion of fine particles on the surface of the particles, but does not change the surface hydrophobic and hydrophilic functional groups.Ultrasonic waves can produce a large number of microbubbles in the flotation pulp, which can be adsorbed on the lignite surface to enhance its hydrophobicity and increase the collisions/adhesion efficiency of coal particles and bubbles.To a certain extent the cavitation of the ultrasonic waves causes the hydration film on the surface of the coal to become thinner-unstable-easy to rupture, further enhancing the flotation recovery of lignite

Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase Inhibitors on Acute Lung Injury

Background: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are involved in a number of biologic responses. Recent preclinical studies demonstrated that the PI3K-dominant signal pathway could play an important role in the development of acute lung injury, although the mechanism remains unclear. Methods: CD-1 mice were administered different PI3K inhibitors either intranasally or intragastrically once a day for 3 days before intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide at 4 h and 24 h. Effects of SHBM1009 on lipopolysaccharide-induced capillary permeability, leukocyte distribution and activation, and epithelial cell function were measured. Therapeutic effects of SHBM1009 on pancreatic elastase-induced lung injury were evaluated in rats. Results: The data demonstrated that the local delivery of PI3K inhibitors played more effective roles in the prevention of endotoxin-induced lung injury than the systemic delivery. The preventive effects of PI3K inhibitors varied most likely because of chemical properties, targeting sites, and pharmacokinetics. The local PI3K inhibitors prevented both endotoxin- and elastase-induced lung injury in mice and rats, possibly through directly inhibiting or inactivating the function of airway epithelial cells, which could not produce chemoattractant factors to activate neutrophils and macrophages. Conclusions: PI3K may be a therapeutic target for lung injury, and local delivery of PI3K inhibitors may be one of the optimal approaches for the therapy. CHEST 2011; 140(2):391-40

Mechanism of Fructus Lycii against dry eye: an analysis based on network pharmacology and experimental verification

AIM: To explore the mechanism of fructus lycii in treating dry eye based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.METHODS: Taking “fructus lycii” as key words, the active ingredients and target of fructus lycii were searched by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP). Gene targets related to dry eye(DE)were searched by GeneCards and OMIM databases. The target genes of fructus lycii and DE were imported into Venn software to obtain the intersection target map of them. After that, the data were imported into the String database to obtain the PPI protein-protein interaction network diagram. Using Cytoscape3.7.2 software, the PPI protein-protein interaction network diagram was constructed for active ingredients, target sites and related diseases of fructus lycii. The Bioconductor platform and R language were used for gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis. And the key targets in the pathogenesis of DE were verified by experiments.RESULTS: Through TCMSP, 45 types of effective chemical components of fructus lycii, 174 target genes corresponding to active components and 131 common target genes with DE were screenedout. In accordance with the network topology of “drug-composition-disease-target”, 27 main effective components of fructus lycii were found in the treatment of DE. The PPI network was analyzed according to the high degree value, which is the key targets of fructus lycii for DE treatment, mainly including AKT1, VEGFA, CASP3, IL1B, JUN, PTGS2, CXCL8, etc. According to GO enrichment analysis, 166 biological functions and processes of fructus lycii for DE treatment were obtained. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that 31 signaling pathways were involved. Additionally, experimental verification displayed that the protein expressions of AKT1, interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)and IL-17 in conjunctiva tissue of the DE model group were significantly increased.CONCLUSIONS: Through network pharmacology, this study confirmed that the treatment of DE by fructus lycii is a complex process involving multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways, and that the treatment of DE by fructus lycii is mainly regulated by anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-related molecules

One-Step Braided Tubular Supercapacitor for Integration with a Fibrous Strain Sensor as a Wearable Fibrous Self-Powered Integrated System

Strain sensors with wearable and self-powered characteristics have great potential in areas such as the detection of human motion and human–machine interface technology. However, most current self-powered sensors are based on two-dimensional (2D) planar structures, and the overall weight and size of such integrated devices are relatively large. Here, an integrated wearable fibrous self-powered sensing device consisting of a braided-based asymmetric tubular supercapacitor (BATSC) and a carbon nanotube/polyester@rubber braided thread (CNT/PRBT) fibrous strain sensor is presented. The BATSC braided by a one-step braiding method exhibits a high linear energy density (23.5 μWh cm–1 at a power density of 67.8 μW cm–1) and excellent electrochemical stability performance (92.2% capacitance retention after 6000 bending–recovering cycles; the initial capacitance remains almost constant at dynamic bending different angles). The fibrous self-powered strain sensing device has reliable self-powered sensing performance and can be sewn onto textiles or tied directly as a portable self-powered strain sensor for real-time detection of human joint motion (fingers, elbows, and knees), which has potential applications in wearable intelligent motion monitoring and rehabilitation training areas. The design and integration strategy of the fibrous self-powered sensing device provides insights for the development of fibrous multifunctional wearable products

Advancing Ultra-High Precision in Satellite–Ground Time–Frequency Comparison: Ground-Based Experiment and Simulation Verification for the China Space Station

Establishing an ultra-high-precision link for time–frequency comparisons between satellites and ground stations is critically important. This endeavor is fundamental to the advancement of pioneering space science exploration and the development of a robust space-based time–frequency system featuring ultra-high-precision space atomic clocks. In response to the requirements for assessing the long-term stability of high-precision space atomic clocks, we have designed and implemented a satellite–ground microwave time–frequency comparison system and method based on a three-frequency mode. Ground-based experimental results demonstrate that the equipment layer can achieve a satellite–ground time comparison accuracy better than 0.4 ps (RMS), with the equipment delay stability (ADEV) for all three frequencies being better than 8 × 10−18 at 86,400. By leveraging the ground-based experimental results, we constructed a satellite–ground time–frequency comparison simulation and verification platform. This platform realizes ultra-high-precision satellite–ground time–frequency comparison based on the China Space Station (CSS). After correcting various transmission delay errors, the satellite–ground time comparison achieved an accuracy better than 0.8 ps and an ADEV better than 2 × 10−17 at 86,400. This validation of our novel satellite–ground time–frequency comparison system and method, capable of achieving an 10−17 magnitude stability, is not only a significant contribution to the field of space time–frequency systems but also paves the way for future advancements and applications in space science exploration