Higher order wave-particle duality

The complementarity of single-photon's particle-like and wave-like behaviors can be described by the inequality $D^2+V^2 \leq 1$, with $D$ being the path distinguishability and $V$ being the fringe visibility. In this paper, we generalize this duality relation to multi-photon case, where two new concepts, higher order distinguishability and higher order fringe visibility, are introduced to quantify the higher order particle-like and wave-like behaviors of multi-photons.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur

Topological energy gaps in the [111]-oriented InAs/GaSb and GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires

The [111]-oriented InAs/GaSb and GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires have been studied by the $8\times 8$ Luttinger-Kohn $\vec{k}\cdot\vec{p}$ Hamiltonian to search for non-vanishing fundamental gaps between inverted electron and hole bands. We focus on the variations of the topologically nontrivial fundamental gap, the hybridization gap, and the effective gap with the core radius and shell thickness of the nanowires. The evolutions of all the energy gaps with the structural parameters are shown to be dominantly governed by quantum size effects. With a fixed core radius, a topologically nontrivial fundamental gap exists only at intermediate shell thicknesses. The maximum gap is $\sim 4.4$ meV for GaSb/InAs and $\sim 3.5$ meV for InAs/GaSb core-shell nanowires, and for the GaSb/InAs core-shell nanowires the gap persists over a wider range of geometrical parameters. The intrinsic reason for these differences between the two types of nanowires is that in the shell the electron-like states of InAs is more delocalized than the hole-like state of GaSb, while in the core the hole-like state of GaSb is more delocalized than the electron-like state of InAs, and both features favor stronger electron-hole hybridization. Since similar features of the electron- and hole-like states have been found in nanowires of other materials, it could serve as a common rule to put the hole-like state in the core while the electron-like state in the shell of a core-shell nanowire to achieve better topological properties.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure

Mineralization of pentachlorophenol by ferrioxalate-assisted solar photo-fenton process at mild pH

This work reports the use of ferrioxalate complexes to assist solar photo-Fenton treatment of pentachlorophenol (PCP) in aqueous medium at mild pH, which inhibits the precipitation of iron hydroxides and allows working at a low iron dosage. The experimental parameters were optimized by assessing the effect of initial concentrations of H2O2 (0-2.5 mM) and Fe(II) (2-10 mg/L), pH (3.0-9.0) and iron/oxalic acid molar ratios (1:0-1:13.5) on total organic carbon (TOC) removal. Ferrioxalate-assisted solar photo-Fenton achieved 97.5% mineralization in 120 min, clearly outperforming conventional Fenton and solar photo-Fenton. The presence of photosensitive ferrioxalate complexes accounted for the enhancement, as a result of Fe(II) regeneration that accelerated the hydroxyl radical (OH) production. The time course of H2O2 and Fe(II) concentrations was evaluated under different iron/oxalic acid ratios. The five carboxylic acids determined by ion-exclusion HPLC and the eight aromatic by-products identified by GC-MS allowed the proposal of a degradation pathway that included hydroxylation, dechlorination and dimerization steps. Complete chloride ion release was achieved after 90 min of treatment

Design of a Location-Based Local Culture Course M-learning Platform

[[abstract]]M-learning can provide learners the capability to assimilate courses anywhere in any time. However, most existing mlearning systems only allow learners to passively receive knowledge without considering the temporal and spacial information of the learners. Due to the location-based nature of AR technology, AR-based m-learning systems can solve the problems by enabling learners to interact with the environment through AR interface. Local culture courses are the lectures talking about the civilization of a place. The challenge is to build a MAR m-learning system with capabilities for various learning environments which have covered and considered the learning efficiency, cultural geography, and other contexts for learners. This paper probes a novel system/App architecture, HTT, and targets on developing a context-aware mobile augmented reality HCI learning platform for local culture courses.[[sponsorship]]世界華人人機交互協會; 中国旅法工程师协会[[conferencetype]]國際[[conferencedate]]20130427~20130429[[booktype]]紙本[[iscallforpapers]]Y[[conferencelocation]]巴黎, 法

Analysis of drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii in burn wards and infection distribution during 5 years

目的  回顾性分析5年间医院烧伤病房鲍曼不动杆菌（AB）的耐药性变迁及感染分布，提供合理有效的临床应用抗菌素治疗方案，控制感染同时延缓AB耐药甚至多重AB耐药发展。方法： 收集烧伤整形美容科2010年1月一2014年12月间所有住院患者资料，筛选出162例AB感染患者，总结AB动态耐药性变迁及感染特点。结果： 烧伤病房AB的检出率逐年呈增高趋势；162例AB感染患者检出标本分别为:创面分泌物116株，痰液25株，血液16株，深静脉尖端导管5株。分别占：71.6%，15.4%，9.9%，3.1%。尿液及大便中未见AB检出，与其他AB研究者结果一致；烧伤ICU患者检出AB有76例，其中死亡12例，死亡率较高；AB对多粘菌素B仍保持较高的敏感性，敏感率为98.3%，曾保持较高敏感性的亚胺培南、米诺环素近些年来耐药率逐年增高，分别由2010年敏感率50%降为2014年31.4%，75%降为35.3%，对第三代头孢菌素及其他6种抗菌素耐药率几乎接近100%，泛耐药现象十分严重。结论：AB耐药性存在地区和医院差异，通过了解我院烧伤患者AB感染分布及耐药性特点，指导本院甚至本地区临床控制感染的同时有效减缓AB耐药的快速发展。Objective:To provide reasonable and effective clinical applications scheme of antibiotics treatment and control infection while delaying the development of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB) drug resistance or multidrug resistance by analyzing change of AB drug resistance and infection distribution retrospectively during 5 years. Methods: From Jan 2010 to Dec 2014,the whole clinical data of 162 patients with AB infections in department of burn and plastic surgery were analyzed,the drug resistance and the characteristics of the infections were summarized. Results:The detection rate of AB in burn ward is increasing year by year; The result of 162 AB infection detected specimens was following: there were 116 (71.6%) strains isolated from the wound secretions,25 (15.4%) strains from sputum,16 (9.9%) strains from blood,5 (3.1%) strains from deep intravenous catheter. Consistent with other AB researchers ,no AB strain was isolated from feces or urine; 76 patients was detected with AB in ICU, 12 cases died, and relatively high mortality ; AB still maintains a relatively high sensitivity(98.3%) with polymyxin B , The drug resistance rates with imipenem and minocycline were increasing in recent years , respective sensitivity from 50% fell to 28% , 75% to 35.3%, AB had nearly 100% resistance rate for the third generation cephalosporins and other 6 kinds of antibiotic, serious extensive drug resistant phenomenon. Conclusion: Understanding the distribution and drug resistance of AB with patients in our burn wards despite of regional and hospital differences,providing better guidance for clinical medication.

Parametric geometric model and shape optimization of airfoils of a biomimetic manta ray underwater vehicle

As a new kind of autonomous underwater vehicle, bionic submersible has many merits such as high efficiency and low costs. In order to obtain such advantages, it is a good way to simulate the shapes of marine animals and apply them to the design of artificial underwater vehicle. In this paper, an optimization system of airfoils is proposed by the improved class-shape-transformation (CST) parameterization method and genetic algorithm (GA). The appearance of a manta-ray-inspired underwater vehicle is rebuilt using the optimal sectional airfoils obtained by the proposed optimization system. Computational simulations are carried out to investigate the hydrodynamic performance of the submersible using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code Fluent. The results demonstrate that the maximum thickness of the vehicle increases by 9%, which means the loading capacity is increased. Moreover, the underwater vehicle shows better hydrodynamic performance, and the lift-drag ratio of initial design is increased by more than 10% using the presented optimization system of airfoils