in KKAy mice

and mechanisms of resveratrol on the amelioration of oxidative stress and hepatic steatosi

Association between ambient air pollution and hospital admissions, length of hospital stay and hospital cost for patients with cardiovascular diseases and comorbid diabetes mellitus: Base on 1,969,755 cases in Beijing, China, 2014–2019

Background: Evidence on the effects of the air pollutants on the hospital admissions, hospital cost and length of stay (LOS) among patients with comorbidities remains limited in China, particularly for patients with cardiovascular diseases and comorbid diabetes mellitus (CVD-DM). Methods: We collected daily data on CVD-DM patients from 242 hospitals in Beijing between 2014 and 2019. Generalized additive model was employed to quantify the associations between admissions, LOS, and hospital cost for CVD-DM patients and air pollutants. We further evaluated the attributable risk posed by air pollutants to CVD-DM patients, using both Chinese and WHO air quality guidelines as reference. Results: Per 10 ug/m3 increase of particles with an aerodynamic diameter \u3c 2.5 μm (PM2.5), particles with an aerodynamic diameter \u3c 10 μm (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbonic oxide (CO) and ozone (O3) corresponded to a 0.64% (95% CI: 0.57 to 0.71), 0.52% (95% CI: 0.46 to 0.57), 0.93% (95% CI: 0.67 to 1.20), 0.98% (95% CI: 0.81 to 1.16), 1.66% (95% CI: 1.18 to 2.14) and 0.53% (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.61) increment for CVD-DM patients’ admissions. Among the six pollutants, particulate pollutants (PM2.5 and PM10) in most lag days exhibited adverse effects on LOS and hospital cost. For every 10 ug/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM10, the absolute increase with LOS will increase 62.08 days (95% CI: 28.93 to 95.23) and 51.77 days (95% CI:22.88 to 80.66), respectively. The absolute increase with hospital cost will increase 105.04 Chinese Yuan (CNY) (95% CI: 49.27 to 160.81) and 81.76 CNY (95% CI: 42.01 to 121.51) in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Given WHO 2021 air quality guideline as the reference, PM2.5 had the maximum attributable fraction of 3.34% (95% CI: 2.94% to 3.75%), corresponding to an avoidable of 65,845 (95% CI: 57,953 to 73,812) patients with CVD-DM. Conclusion: PM2.5 and PM10 are positively associated with hospital admissions, hospital cost and LOS for patients with CVD-DM. Policy changes to reduce air pollutants exposure may reduce CVD-DM admissions and substantial savings in health care spending and LOS

Injectable and Self-Healing Chitosan Hydrogel Based on Imine Bonds: Design and Therapeutic Applications

Biological tissues can automatically repair themselves after damage. Examples include skin, muscle, soft tissue, etc. Inspired by these living tissues, numerous self-healing hydrogels have been developed recently. Chitosan-based self-healing hydrogels constructed via dynamic imine bonds have been widely studied due to their simple preparation, good biocompatibility, and automatic reparability under physiological conditions. In this mini-review, we highlighted chitosan-based self-healing hydrogels based on dynamic imine chemistry, and provided an overview of the preparation of these hydrogels and their bioapplications in cell therapy, tumor therapy, and wound healing

Durable liquid-crystalline vitrimer actuators.

Vitrimer-based liquid-crystalline elastomers (LCEs) exhibit great advantages over the traditional LCEs due to their inherent processability to realize monodomain alignment and construction of LCE actuators with complex 3D structures in a robust way. Though exciting progress has been made, how to achieve a proper balance between processability and actuation durability/stability remains a big challenge. Here, we report a strategy to mitigate the conflict between processability and actuation stability by reducing the catalyst content in an epoxy/acid LCE vitrimer system. With a relatively low catalyst content (0.25 mol% to carboxyl group), monodomain LCEs with large actuation strain (∼95%) and excellent actuation stability (the actuation strain is completely maintained after 100 heating-cooling cycles and more than 90% of the initial strain is retained even after 500 cycles) could be easily prepared. Moreover, the monodomain LCEs can still be readily realigned or directly reconfigured into complex reversible 3D actuators

Evaluation of the Effect of WRF Physical Parameterizations on Typhoon and Wave Simulation in the Taiwan Strait

Typhoons and typhoon waves can cause disasters in coastal areas around the world. The Taiwan Strait often experiences typhoons, especially in summer. Numerical models have been adopted to predict typhoons and reduce losses. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is widely used in typhoon simulations, and the Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) model performs well in wave simulations. However, significant uncertainty remains in terms of choosing suitable WRF physical parameterizations in different situations. To evaluate the effect of WRF physical parameterizations on wind and wave simulations, 27 simulation experiments were designed. Three typhoon events (Goni, Dujuan, and Meranti) with different tracks that influenced the Taiwan Strait were simulated. Three parameters (wind speed, wind direction and significant wave height) were assessed using Taylor diagrams, and it was found that the best simulation experiment changed according to typhoon tracks and physical parameters. In wind speed simulation, the best simulation experiment is 12 for typhoon Dujuan and 19 for typhoon Goni and Meranti. From the perspective of wind direction simulation, experiments 26, 23, and 2 performed best for typhoons Goni, Dujuan, and Meranti. And experiments 19, 1, and 20 had the best performances in significant wave height simulation for typhoons Goni, Dujuan, and Meranti. The WRF-SWAN model using the best simulation experiment reduced the error and exhibited good performance in the wind and wave simulations. Skill scores of three parameters were all over 70 for typhoon Goni and 80 for typhoon Dujuan and Meranti. The applicability of the best simulation experiments was demonstrated in typhoon simulations with similar tracks. The accuracy of the wave simulation depended on wind speed, wind direction, and their interaction. In addition, a scheme’s sensitivity changed with different typhoon tracks. This study provides references for designing physical parameterizations for use with the WRF-SWAN model, which may help to simulate typhoons and typhoon waves in the Taiwan Strait more accurately in the future

A durable monolithic polymer foam for efficient solar steam generation.

Efficient and cost-effective solar steam generation requires self-floating evaporators which can convert light into heat, prevent unnecessary heat loss and greatly accelerate evaporation without solar concentrators. Currently, the most efficient evaporators (efficiency of ∼80% under 1 sun) are invariably built from inorganic materials, which are difficult to mold into monolithic sheets. Here, we present a new polymer which can be easily solution processed into a self-floating monolithic foam. The single-component foam can be used as an evaporator with an efficiency at 1 sun comparable to that of the best graphene-based evaporators. Even at 0.5 sun, the efficiency can reach 80%. Moreover, the foam is mechanically strong, thermally stable to 300 °C and chemically resistant to organic solvents

Correction: A durable monolithic polymer foam for efficient solar steam generation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C7SC02967E.]

A durable monolithic polymer foam for efficient solar steam generation.

Efficient and cost-effective solar steam generation requires self-floating evaporators which can convert light into heat, prevent unnecessary heat loss and greatly accelerate evaporation without solar concentrators. Currently, the most efficient evaporators (efficiency of ∼80% under 1 sun) are invariably built from inorganic materials, which are difficult to mold into monolithic sheets. Here, we present a new polymer which can be easily solution processed into a self-floating monolithic foam. The single-component foam can be used as an evaporator with an efficiency at 1 sun comparable to that of the best graphene-based evaporators. Even at 0.5 sun, the efficiency can reach 80%. Moreover, the foam is mechanically strong, thermally stable to 300 °C and chemically resistant to organic solvents

Durable liquid-crystalline vitrimer actuators.

Vitrimer-based liquid-crystalline elastomers (LCEs) exhibit great advantages over the traditional LCEs due to their inherent processability to realize monodomain alignment and construction of LCE actuators with complex 3D structures in a robust way. Though exciting progress has been made, how to achieve a proper balance between processability and actuation durability/stability remains a big challenge. Here, we report a strategy to mitigate the conflict between processability and actuation stability by reducing the catalyst content in an epoxy/acid LCE vitrimer system. With a relatively low catalyst content (0.25 mol% to carboxyl group), monodomain LCEs with large actuation strain (∼95%) and excellent actuation stability (the actuation strain is completely maintained after 100 heating-cooling cycles and more than 90% of the initial strain is retained even after 500 cycles) could be easily prepared. Moreover, the monodomain LCEs can still be readily realigned or directly reconfigured into complex reversible 3D actuators

Correction: A durable monolithic polymer foam for efficient solar steam generation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C7SC02967E.]