Design of burner performance optimization system based on laser machining

The existing burner performance optimization system neglects the measurement of single pulverized coal particle temperature in the combustion process, so the temperature control error is large, which leads to poor performance improvement of burner and poor control of residual oxygen. Therefore, a burner performance optimization system based on laser machining is designed. Design the overall frame of burner performance optimization. The performance optimization of the burner is mainly realized by the control of temperature and oxygen content. The gas quantity is calculated and fed back to the PID controller through the error value and the rate of temperature difference between the actual temperature and the set temperature. Based on the Hencken plane flame burner, an optical measur­ing system for single pulverized coal particle ignition based on laser processing is established to obtain the temperature of the particles. Based on this, the Proteus-based burner transient temperature distribution subsystem and the steady-state ANN model-based temperature control optimization algorithm are designed. The experimental results show that the burner of the system can control the residual oxygen very well, and the temperature control result of the system is highly fit with the simulation result, so the temperature control precision of the system is high

Anti-inflammatory effect of alkaloids extracted from Dendrobium aphyllum on macrophage RAW 264.7 cells through NO production and reduced IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha and PGE2 expression

Dendrobium aphyllum is an edible plant that is used as a functional food to improve health. We previously examined peptides and polysaccharides extracted from Dendrobium aphyllum; however, we did not investigate D. aphyllum’s alkaloid compounds and their functions. In this study, we detail the composition of alkaloids from Dendrobium aphyllum (DAA), including 2a, 3b-dihydroxy nortropane, 1-methyl-2-[(4Z,7Z)- 4,7-tridecadienyl]-4(1H) quinolone and maokonine, which were first identified by UPLC-MS analysis. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of DAA on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages was examined. DAA treatment inhibited LPS-induced NO production and decreased (P < 0.05) IL-1, IL-6, TNF-a and PGE2 secretion in the RAW 264.7 macrophages. DAA treatment also inhibited COX-2 and iNOS mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that these compounds can attenuate the synthesis of the above-mentioned molecules at the transcriptional level, tentatively confirming their anti-inflammatory effect

Effects of W/Co co-doping on the structural, multiferroic, dielectric and optical properties of filled tungsten bronze Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8O30 ceramics

The structural, magnetic, ferroelectric, dielectric, magneto-dielectric and optical properties of W/Co co-substituted tungsten bronze Ba4Sm2Fe2Nb8-3x(W2Co)xO30 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.3) ceramics were studied in detail. All the samples can be indexed with the tetragonal structure with the space group of P4bm. The room-temperature ferromagnetism with rather high ferromagnetic Curie temperature Tc was obtained in all compositions. The co-doping of W/Co ions obviously optimized the ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity. The composition x  = 0.2 showed a superior multiferroicity with the remnant magnetization Mr of 0.15 emu/g and the remnant polarization Pr of 2.1μC/cm2 as well as the Tc of 886 K. The low-temperature relaxation was related to the thermal process of oxygen vacancies, while the another one around 300 K was ascribed to the localized hopping of electrons. The relative increment of magneto-dielectric constant (MDC) obeyed with the square term of magnetization in Ginzburg-Landau theory, implying the existence of intrinsic magneto-electric coupling effect. A relatively large MDC of 0.17 % was achieved in pure sample. In addition, two direct inter-band transitions with the narrow band gaps of ∼2.0 eV and ∼2.5 eV were demonstrated

Health-status outcomes with invasive or conservative care in coronary disease

BACKGROUND In the ISCHEMIA trial, an invasive strategy with angiographic assessment and revascularization did not reduce clinical events among patients with stable ischemic heart disease and moderate or severe ischemia. A secondary objective of the trial was to assess angina-related health status among these patients. METHODS We assessed angina-related symptoms, function, and quality of life with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) at randomization, at months 1.5, 3, and 6, and every 6 months thereafter in participants who had been randomly assigned to an invasive treatment strategy (2295 participants) or a conservative strategy (2322). Mixed-effects cumulative probability models within a Bayesian framework were used to estimate differences between the treatment groups. The primary outcome of this health-status analysis was the SAQ summary score (scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status). All analyses were performed in the overall population and according to baseline angina frequency. RESULTS At baseline, 35% of patients reported having no angina in the previous month. SAQ summary scores increased in both treatment groups, with increases at 3, 12, and 36 months that were 4.1 points (95% credible interval, 3.2 to 5.0), 4.2 points (95% credible interval, 3.3 to 5.1), and 2.9 points (95% credible interval, 2.2 to 3.7) higher with the invasive strategy than with the conservative strategy. Differences were larger among participants who had more frequent angina at baseline (8.5 vs. 0.1 points at 3 months and 5.3 vs. 1.2 points at 36 months among participants with daily or weekly angina as compared with no angina). CONCLUSIONS In the overall trial population with moderate or severe ischemia, which included 35% of participants without angina at baseline, patients randomly assigned to the invasive strategy had greater improvement in angina-related health status than those assigned to the conservative strategy. The modest mean differences favoring the invasive strategy in the overall group reflected minimal differences among asymptomatic patients and larger differences among patients who had had angina at baseline

Initial invasive or conservative strategy for stable coronary disease

BACKGROUND Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, whether clinical outcomes are better in those who receive an invasive intervention plus medical therapy than in those who receive medical therapy alone is uncertain. METHODS We randomly assigned 5179 patients with moderate or severe ischemia to an initial invasive strategy (angiography and revascularization when feasible) and medical therapy or to an initial conservative strategy of medical therapy alone and angiography if medical therapy failed. The primary outcome was a composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or hospitalization for unstable angina, heart failure, or resuscitated cardiac arrest. A key secondary outcome was death from cardiovascular causes or myocardial infarction. RESULTS Over a median of 3.2 years, 318 primary outcome events occurred in the invasive-strategy group and 352 occurred in the conservative-strategy group. At 6 months, the cumulative event rate was 5.3% in the invasive-strategy group and 3.4% in the conservative-strategy group (difference, 1.9 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.8 to 3.0); at 5 years, the cumulative event rate was 16.4% and 18.2%, respectively (difference, 121.8 percentage points; 95% CI, 124.7 to 1.0). Results were similar with respect to the key secondary outcome. The incidence of the primary outcome was sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction; a secondary analysis yielded more procedural myocardial infarctions of uncertain clinical importance. There were 145 deaths in the invasive-strategy group and 144 deaths in the conservative-strategy group (hazard ratio, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.32). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable coronary disease and moderate or severe ischemia, we did not find evidence that an initial invasive strategy, as compared with an initial conservative strategy, reduced the risk of ischemic cardiovascular events or death from any cause over a median of 3.2 years. The trial findings were sensitive to the definition of myocardial infarction that was used