Co-appearance of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in a Ca2_2RuO4_4 nanofilm crystal

By tuning the physical and chemical pressures of layered perovskite materials we can realize the quantum states of both superconductors and insulators. By reducing the thickness of a layered crystal to a nanometer level, a nanofilm crystal can provide novel quantum states that have not previously been found in bulk crystals. Here we report the realization of high-temperature superconductivity in Ca$_2$RuO$_4$ nanofilm single crystals. Ca$_2$RuO$_4$ thin film with the highest transition temperature $T_c$ (midpoint) of 64~K exhibits zero resistance in electric transport measurements. The superconducting critical current exhibited a logarithmic dependence on temperature and was enhanced by an external magnetic field. Magnetic measurements revealed a ferromagnetic transition at 180~K and diamagnetic magnetization due to superconductivity. Our results suggest the co-appearance of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in Ca$_2$RuO$_4$ nanofilm crystals. We also found that the induced bias current and the tuned film thickness caused a superconductor-insulator transition. The fabrication of micro-nanocrystals made of layered material enables us to discuss rich superconducting phenomena in ruthenates

Cancer cells with high-metastatic potential promote a glycolytic shift in activated fibroblasts.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are activated fibroblasts and are the major stromal component in various types of malignancies. CAFs often undergo metabolic reprogramming to create an appropriate microenvironment for cancer progression. However, it remains unclear whether the metastatic properties of cancer cells affect aerobic glycolysis in stromal cells. Here, we show that gastric cancer (GC) cells with high metastatic potential strongly promote the metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis in fibroblasts. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of glycolysis-related genes, such as LDHA and ENO2, significantly changed in fibroblasts when they were cocultured with cancer cells with high metastatic potential compared to fibroblasts incubated with cancer cells with low metastatic potential. Glucose uptake, lactate production and oxygen consumption in fibroblasts were changed by coculture with GC cells with high metastatic potential. Thus, metabolic reprogramming in CAFs may reflect the metastatic properties of GC cells