Identification of Anticancer Active Compound from GC-MS Test Results of Zodia Leaves (Evodia suaveolens) Ethanol Extract

Cancer is estimated to be the second leading cause of death globally in 2018. The background of the study was the prevalence of cancer in Indonesia in 2018 reaching 775.120 people. Treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy have negative side effects. Herbal medicine is an alternative treatment with lower side effects that can reduce the side effects of existing treatments. The aim of this study was to identify the results of GC-MS active compounds from ethanol extract of zodia leaves which have the potential as anticancer. The method of this research was observational research through scientific literature. GC-MS results showed 22 active compounds contained in ethanol extract of zodia leaves. Based on the literature searching, there are 17 active compounds that have potential to be anticancer. Menthofuran; evodone; Bicyclopentene; Delta-Selinene; 3,5,7-Octatrien-2-Ol, 2,6-Dimethyl; Aromadendrene oxide 2; Alpha-bisabolol; 2,4-Dimethyl-2,4-Heptadienal; Phytol; Squalene; Beta-Tocopherol; D-alpha-Tocopherol; Stigmasta-5,23-dien-3.beta.-ol; (23S)-ethylcholest-5-en-3.beta.ol; 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol; Lanosterol; and Obtusifoliol. The compounds are targeted in breast, lung, and ovarian cancer.Cancer is estimated to be the second leading cause of death globally in 2018. The background of the study was the prevalence of cancer in Indonesia in 2018 reaching 775.120 people. Treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy have negative side effects. Herbal medicine is an alternative treatment with lower side effects that can reduce the side effects of existing treatments. The aim of this study was to identify the results of GC-MS active compounds from ethanol extract of zodia leaves which have the potential as anticancer. The method of this research was observational research through scientific literature. GC-MS results showed 22 active compounds contained in ethanol extract of zodia leaves. Based on the literature searching, there are 17 active compounds that have potential to be anticancer. Menthofuran; evodone; Bicyclopentene; Delta-Selinene; 3,5,7-Octatrien-2-Ol, 2,6-Dimethyl; Aromadendrene oxide 2; Alpha-bisabolol; 2,4-Dimethyl-2,4-Heptadienal; Phytol; Squalene; Beta-Tocopherol; D-alpha-Tocopherol; Stigmasta-5,23-dien-3.beta.-ol; (23S)-ethylcholest-5-en-3.beta.ol; 24,25-Dihydrolanosterol; Lanosterol; and Obtusifoliol. The compounds are targeted in breast, lung, and ovarian cancer

HEROISM AS JAMES. J. BRADDOCKS CHARACTER IN NOVEL CINDERELLA MAN

HEROISM AS JAMES. J. BRADDOCKS CHARACTER IN NOVEL CINDERELLA MA

Humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 after third dose BNT162b2 following double-dose vaccination with BNT162b2 versus ChAdOx1 in cancer patients.

PURPOSE: Cancer patients display reduced humoral responses after double-dose COVID-19 vaccination while their cellular response is more comparable to that in healthy individuals. Recent studies demonstrated that a third vaccination dose boosts these immune responses, both in healthy people and cancer patients. Due to the availability of many different COVID-19 vaccines, many people have been boosted with a different vaccine from the one used for double-dose vaccination. Data on such alternative vaccination schedules are scarce. This prospective study compares a third dose of BNT162b2 after double-dose BNT162b2 (homologous) versus ChAdOx1 (heterologous) vaccination in cancer&nbsp;patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: 442 subjects (315 patients and 127 healthy) received a third dose of BNT162b2 (230 homologous vs 212 heterologous). Vaccine-induced adverse events (AE) were captured up to 7 days after vaccination. Humoral immunity was assessed by SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 IgG antibody levels and SARSCoV-2 50% neutralization titers (NT50) against Wuhan and BA.1 Omicron strains. Cellular immunity was examined by analyzing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 specific S1 and S2&nbsp;peptides. RESULTS: Local AEs were more common after heterologous boosting. SARS-CoV-2 anti-S1 IgG antibody levels did not differ significantly between homologous and heterologous boosted subjects (GMT 1755.90 BAU/mL [95% CI 1276.95-2414.48] vs 1495.82 BAU/mL (95% CI 1131.48-1977.46)). However, homologous boosted subjects show significantly higher NT50 values against BA.1 Omicron. Subjects receiving heterologous boosting demonstrated increased spike-specific CD8+ T cells, including higher IFNγ and TNFα&nbsp;levels. CONCLUSIONS: In cancer patients who received double-dose ChAdOx1, a third heterologous dose of BNT162b2 was able to close the gap in antibody&nbsp;response.</p

Isotope ratios of H, C, and O in CO2 and H2O of the Martian atmosphere

Stable isotope ratios of H, C, and O are powerful indicators of a wide variety of planetary geophysical processes, and for Mars they reveal the record of loss of its atmosphere and subsequent interactions with its surface such as carbonate formation. We report in situ measurements of the isotopic ratios of D/H and O-18/O-16 in water and C-13/C-12, O-18/O-16, O-17/O-16, and (CO)-C-13-O-18/(CO)-C-12-O-16 in carbon dioxide, made in the martian atmosphere at Gale Crater from the Curiosity rover using the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM)'s tunable laser spectrometer (TLS). Comparison between our measurements in the modern atmosphere and those of martian meteorites such as ALH 84001 implies that the martian reservoirs of CO2 and H2O were largely established similar to 4 billion years ago, but that atmospheric loss or surface interaction may be still ongoing