Re-flaring of a Post-Flare Loop System Driven by Flux Rope Emergence and Twisting

In this letter, we study in detail the evolution of the post-flare loops on 2005 January 15 that occurred between two consecutive solar eruption events, both of which generated a fast halo CME and a major flare. The post-flare loop system, formed after the first CME/flare eruption, evolved rapidly, as manifested by the unusual accelerating rise motion of the loops. Through nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) models, we obtain the magnetic structure over the active region. It clearly shows that the flux rope below the loops also kept rising accompanied with increasing twist and length. Finally, the post-flare magnetic configuration evolved to a state that resulted in the second CME/flare eruption. This is an event in which the post-flare loops can re-flare in a short period of $\sim$16 hr following the first CME/flare eruption. The observed re-flaring at the same location is likely driven by the rapid evolution of the flux rope caused by the magnetic flux emergence and the rotation of the sunspot. This observation provides valuable information on CME/flare models and their prediction.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Lette

4-(2,4-Dichloro­phen­yl)-5,5-dimethyl-2-(3-silatranyl­propyl­mino)-1,3,2-dioxa­phospho­rinane 2-oxide

In the title compound, C20H31Cl2N2O6PSi, the dioxaphospho­rinane ring adopts a cis conformation. The silatrane fragment forms a cage-like structure in which there exists an intra­molecular Si—N donor–acceptor bond. In the crystal, centrosymmetrically related mol­ecules are linked by pairs of N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into inversion dimers, generating rings with graph-set motif R 2 2(8). The dimers are further connected into ribbons parallel to the a axis by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Poly[[(1,10-phenanthroline){μ3-2,2′,2′′-[1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltris(sulfane­diyl)]triacetato}­cadmium] 0.42-hydrate]

The asymmetric unit of the title complex, {[Cd(C9H7N3O6S3)(C12H8N2)]·0.42H2O}n, contains a CdII atom, one doubly deprotonated 2,2′,2′′-[1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyltris(sulfanediyl)]triacetic acid ligand (HTTTA2−), a 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand and a fractionally occupied water mol­ecule [site occupancy = 0.421 (15)]. The CdII atom is six-coordinated within a distorted octa­hedral coordination geometry. Six coordination arises from four O atoms derived from three different HTTTA2− ligands, and two N atoms of the chelating phen mol­ecule. The incompletely deprotonated triazine ligand adopts a μ3-η1:η1:η2 coordination mode, resulting in the formation of chains along the c axis based on Cd2O2 dimeric units. Adjacent chains are stacked through π–π stacking [3.533 (2) Å between phen and triazine rings] and C—H⋯O inter­actions, forming supra­molecular sheets in the ab plane. Intra-and intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also observed

Polycystic ovary syndrome in patients with epilepsy: A study in 102 Chinese women

AbstractPurposeThe incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases in women with epilepsy (WWE), which appears to vary with ethnicity. This study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors of PCOS in Chinese WWE.MethodsThe study was carried out in 102 of 139 Chinese WWE at reproductive ages, with 32 receiving valproic acid (VPA), 40 receiving other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), and 30 without AEDs therapy. PCOS was defined as having 2 or more of the following components: polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and amenorrhoea or oligomenorrhoea (a/oligomenorrhoea).ResultsOne or more isolated components of PCOS were found in 56 (54.9%) patients, with 29 (28.4%) having polycystic ovaries, 20 (19.6%) with a/oligomenorrhea, 7 (6.9%) with hyperandrogenism, and 13 (12.7%) with defined PCOS. Their average age at the start of seizure was 13.8±6.5years, younger than that of patients without these disorders (16.9±8.6years, p<0.05). VPA therapy increased the incidence of PCOS (11/32, 34.4%), in addition to increased blood levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as LH to FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) ratio. No significant relationship was found between the incidence of PCOS and the type, duration, or frequency of seizures in these WWE.ConclusionThere is an increased incidence of PCOS in Chinese WWE at reproductive ages, by more than 2 times of that in the general population. Risk factors include seizures starting at a young age and VPA therapy

1-Phenyl-1-[(1-phenyl­ethyl)sulfonyl­methyl­sulfon­yl]ethane

There are two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit of the title compound, C17H20O4S2. There are slight differences in the twist of the two rings relative to the S–C–S chain [dihedral angles of 48.41 (18) and 87.58 (16)° in the first mol­ecule and 45.98 (18) and 87.02 (18)° in the second] and the difference in the C—S—C—S torsion angles [176.68 (17) and −77.6 (2)° for the two independent mol­ecules]

A systematic review on incentive-driven mHealth technology: As used in diabetes management

Introduction Mobile Health (mHealth) technologies have been shown to improve self-management of chronic diseases, such as diabetes. However, mHealth tools, such as Apps, often have low rates of retention, eroding their potential benefits. Using incentives is a common mechanism for engaging and retaining patients that is applied by mHealth tools. We conducted a systematic review aiming to categorise the different types of incentive mechanisms employed in mHealth tools for diabetes management, which we defined as Incentive-driven Technologies (IDTs). As an auxiliary aim, we also analysed barriers to adoption of IDT technologies. Methods Literature published in English between January 2008 and August 2014 was identified through searching leading publishers and indexing databases: IEEE, Springer, Science Direct, NCBI, ACM, Wiley and Google Scholar. Results A total of 42 articles were selected. Of these, 34 presented mHealth tools with IDT mechanisms. Many of these contained more than one IDT, with Education the most common (n=21), followed by Reminder (n=11), Feedback (n=10), Social (n=8), Alert (n=5), Gamification (n=3), and Financial (n=2). The remaining 8 articles were review papers and a qualitative study of focus groups and interviews with patients with diabetes, where no new technologies were proposed, from which we defined barriers for adoption. Discussion We identified that while mHealth technologies have advanced over the last 5 years, the core IDT mechanisms have remained consistent. Instead, IDT mechanisms have evolved with the upgrades in technology, such as moving from manual to automatic content delivery and personalisation of content

Visual characterization of associative quasitrivial nondecreasing operations on finite chains

In this paper we provide visual characterization of associative quasitrivial nondecreasing operations on finite chains. We also provide a characterization of bisymmetric quasitrivial nondecreasing binary operations on finite chains. Finally, we estimate the number of functions belonging to the previous classes.Comment: 25 pages, 18 Figure