Iron(III) Chloride-catalyzed Nucleophilic Substitution of Propargylic Alcohols: A General and Efficient Approach for the Synthesis of 1,4-Diynes

A wide variety of 1,4-diynes have been constructed via a novel FeCl(3)-catalyzed coupling reaction of propargylic alcohols with alkynylsilanes. This synthetic approach provides a general, efficient, and economical route to 1,4-cliynes.National Natural Science Foundation of China[20772098, 21072159

Spindle oscillations are generated in the dorsal thalamus and modulated by the thalamic reticular nucleus

Spindle waves occur during the early stage of slow wave sleep and are thought to arise in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN), causing inhibitory postsynaptic potential spindle-like oscillations in the dorsal thalamus that are propagated to the cortex. We have found that thalamocortical neurons exhibit membrane oscillations that have spindle frequencies, consist of excitatory postsynaptic potentials, and co-occur with electroencephalographic spindles. TRN lesioning prolonged oscillations in the medial geniculate body (MGB) and auditory cortex (AC). Injection of GABA~A~ antagonist into the MGB decreased oscillation frequency, while injection of GABA~B~ antagonist increased spindle oscillations in the MGB and cortex. Thus, spindles originate in the dorsal thalamus and TRN inhibitory inputs modulate this process, with fast inhibition facilitating the internal frequency and slow inhibition limiting spindle occurrence

Molecular docking studies on rocaglamide, a traditional Chinese medicine for periodontitis

Purpose: To undertake an in silico assessment of rocaglamide as a potential drug therapy forperiodontitis (dental arthritis).Method: Lamarckian algorithm-based automated docking approach using AutoDock4.2 tool wasapplied for calculating the best possible binding mode of rocaglamide to IL-23p19 and IL-17, the targets of anti-inflammatory drugs in periodontal disease.Results: The top two interactions of rocaglamide with IL-17 (ΔG = -5.45 and -4.83 kcal/mol) were more spontaneous, and the physical interactions (two hydrogen bonds and one π-πbond) generated in the two IL-17- rocaglamide complexes were higher in number than in IL-23p14-rocaglamide complexes.Conclusion: In silico analysis of rocaglamide, a known antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agent, is a promising natural candidate for periodontitis therapy, and should be further subjected to in vitro and in vivo anti-periodontitis investigations.Keywords: Periodontitis, Inflammation, Rocaglamide, Molecular docking, Lamarckian algorithm, IL- 23p19, IL-1

Highly efficient in vitro adventitious shoot regeneration of Adenosma glutinosum (Linn.) Druce using leaf explants

Adenosma glutinosum (Linn.) Druce is an important aromatic plant, but no information is available regarding its regeneration, callus induction and proliferation from leaf explants. In this study, an in vitro shoot regeneration procedure was developed for native A. glutinosum using leaf explants. Callus induction and shoots regeneration from leaf explants was evaluated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Callus induction in all 16 treatments exceeded 95%, and the highest adventitious shoot number per callus (7.22 shoots per explant) was obtained when leaf explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg• L-1 6-BA, 0.1 mg• L-1 NAA, 3% sucrose and 0.72% agar. The highest shoots strengthening were obtained when adventitious buds were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.3 mg• L-1 NAA, 3% sucrose, 1.0 g• L-1 active carbon and 0.72% agar. The highest total root number (45.2) and root length (43.3 cm) were obtained when adventitious buds were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.0 mg• L-1 NAA, 3% sucrose, 1.0 g L−1 active carbon and 0.72% agar, while the highest total root surface area (4.1 cm2) and total root volume (114.1 mm3) were obtained when adventitious buds were cultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg• L-1 NAA, 3% sucrose, 1.0 g• L-1 active carbon and 0.72% agar. The efficient plant regeneration system developed here will be helpful for rapid micropropagation and further genetic improvement in A. glutinosum. Keywords: Adenoma glutinous, plant growth regulator, plant regenerationAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(29), pp. 7542-7548, 10 April, 201

Effects of temperature and wavelength choice on in-situ dissolution test of Cimetidine tablets

AbstractThe effects of temperature and wavelength choice on in-situ dissolution test instrument of Cimetidine were studied. Absorbance (A)<1.0 is required when using a fiber-optic dissolution test system. The detection wavelength of λmax (218nm) was replaced by 244nm to carry out this test. The absorbance of Cimetidine solution at different temperature showed an obvious change. Calibration of Cimetidine solution should be tested at the same temperature (37°C) with the test solution. A suitable wavelength with smaller tangent slope could be chosen for in-situ dissolution test of Cimetidine tablets

Association of hematological parameters with metabolic syndrome in Beijing adult population: a longitudinal study

The purposes of the study were to estimate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to systematically evaluate the relationship between hematological parameters and MetS in a 5-year follow-up of Beijing adult population. The longitudinal study included 3,180 adults, aged 20–65 years, who attended health check-ups in Beijing Tongren Hospital in 2007 and 2012. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between hematological parameters and MetS. The 5-year cumulative incidence of MetS in this sample was 10.82 % (14.22 % for males and 7.59 % for females). Among all the hematological parameters, white blood cell count (WBC) was positively associated with MetS for 20–35-year-old (male OR 1.482, 95 % CI 1.169–2.974; female OR 1.398, 95 % CI 1.145–3.011), and 36–50-year-old (male OR 2.012, 95 % CI 1.290–4.010; female OR 3.400, 95 % CI 1.818–4.528) male and female subjects. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly associated with the incidence of MetS for males (20–35-year-old OR 2.080, 95 % CI 1.371–3.159; 36–50-year-old OR 2.421, 95 % CI 1.335–3.412; 51–65-year-old OR 4.267, 95 % CI 1.161–6.781). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was positively associated with MetS for 51–65-year-old (male OR 3.078, 95 % CI 2.468–5.131; female OR 2.140, 95 %CI 1.524–4.359) for male and female subjects. WBC is positively associated with MetS for young adults, while LDL-C is positively associated with MetS for elderly people. ALT is positively associated with MetS for males. Our findings provide further evidence in support of using hematological markers for early detection of individuals at risk for MetS

Expression of telomerase inhibits hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in normal telomerase negative human lung fibroblasts

AbstractIn tumor cells telomerase activity is associated with resistance to apoptosis and the introduction of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) subunit into normal human cells is associated with life span extension of the cells. To determine the role of telomerase in regulating apoptosis, telomerase negative human embryo lung fibroblasts were transfected with the hTERT gene. Unlike the control fibroblasts, the telomerase-expressing cells had elongated telomeres and were resistant to apoptosis induced by hydroxyl radicals. The results indicate that expression of telomerase and, thus, the maintenance of telomere length in normal human somatic cells caused resistance to not only cellular senescence but also apoptosis. Moreover, we found that hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in telomerase-expressing and control fibroblasts was caspase-3 independent. These findings have revealed a new type of interrelation between telomerase and caspase-3, which may indicate that in this case the expressed telomerase may inhibit apoptosis at a site not related to the caspase-3 cascade

Research on the Cultivation of False Information Identification Ability of Users by University Libraries at Home and Abroad

With the rapid development of new media on the Internet and the proliferation of misinformation/disinformation, the academic libraries, as the information resource center, has the responsibility and obligation to cultivate the user\u27s information identification ability. However, compared with foreign university libraries, the guidance of domestic university libraries to identify false information is not systematic and explicit. Therefore, we must improve the users\u27 interest, practicality, and depth of training practice activities. This paper analyzes, contrasts, and summarizes the relevant research and practice results of the false information identification training of domestic and foreign well-known university libraries through literature and network research. And enlightens the university libraries in China to improve and deepen the cultivation of the identification ability of misinformation/disinformation of users from five aspects in the future: Improving librarians\u27 media and information literacy ability and carrying out interdisciplinary cooperation. Establishing guidelines and websites for identifying false information. Installing the system of misinformation/disinformation identification index and training method. Designing and implementing multiple practical projects to cultivate media and information literacy. Building an evaluation system based on the ability to identify the true and false information