The examination of sport managers and coaches’ stress levels and depressed mood at work in Turkey

This paper is an investigation of stress levels and depressed mood at work in sport managers and coaches. Three different questionnaires were applied to professional sport managers (n=60) and coaches (n=52) in Turkey to regard to potential sources of stress before, during and after competitions. This sample represented approximately 21% of the total professional football, basketball and volleyball clubs in Turkey. The questionnaires used are “Perceived Stress Questionnaire”, “Anxiety-Stress Questionnaire” and “Depressed Mood at Work Questionnaire”. Our findings indicated that: The aim of first questionnaire was to assess perceived stressful situations and results show that general stress levels of managers and coaches are under the average. When we examine the second questionnaire consisting of health, physical condition, tension caused by stress; it is seen that negative effects of these factors increase. At last; according to the depressed mood at work questionnaire which evaluates the physiological conditions related to stress; it’s found out that both managers and coaches aren’t satisfied with their working atmosphere and managers’ unhappiness levels are higher than coaches are

Examination of the factors which prevent to participate the recreative activities: Example of girls high schoolRekreatif etkinliklere katılımı engelleyen faktörlerin incelenmesi: Kız lisesi örneği

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the factors that prevent girls high school participation in recreational activities. The investigation includes 376 students who are in 9. , 10, and 11. grades who study in Samsun Fatma Çavuş Vocational and Technical High School. As a data collection tool ‘personal information form’ and ‘Leisure Constraints Questionnaire-18’. It is used descriptive scanning model in this study. For the relation of statistical analysis, versatile variance analysis; for detecting the difference test of LSD and test of χ² was used. The data obtained from the scale in the research were analyzed by means of SPSS 21.0 statistical software program. In both age groups and grade levels a remarkable difference was monitored in total points (EG: 2,9- GL: 3,43) and subscale of individual psychology (EG: 4,65- GL: 4,17) and establishing (EG: 3,77- GL: 7,35). However, there is no significant difference when examined according to participation in open space activities (p>0.05).As a result, the participation to recreative activities of high school students is affected by varied factors in accordance with their age and grade level. The majority of the students sometimes have great difficulty in their leisure time activities. Elimination of these barriers/difficulties will be useful. ÖzetBu çalışmada, kız lisesi öğrencilerinin rekreatif etkinliklere katılımını engelleyen faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma, Samsun Fatma Çavuş Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi’nde 2014-2015 öğretim yılında 9. 10. ve 11. Sınıf öğrencilerinden toplam 376 kişiyi kapsamaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Kişisel Bilgi Formu” ve “Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği-18” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. İstatistik analizinde çok yönlü varyans analizi, farklılığın tespiti için LSD testi ve ilişki için χ² testi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada ölçekten elde edilen veriler SPSS 21.0 paket programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Hem yaş gruplarına hem de sınıf düzeyine göre ölçek toplam puanında (YG: 2,9- SD: 3,43) ve bireysel psikoloji (YG: 4,65- SD: 4,17) ve tesis (YG: 3,77- SD: 7,35) alt boyutlarında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmüştür. Fakat açık alan etkinliklerine katılma durumlarına göre incelendiğinde ise anlamlı farklılık görülmemektedir (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, lise öğrencilerinin rekreatif etkinliklere katılımı yaş grubu ve sınıf düzeyine göre değişik faktörlerden     etkilenmektedir. Boş zamanı değerlendirmede katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun bazen güçlük çektiği görülmektedir. Bu güçlüklerin/engellerin ortadan kaldırılması faydalı olacaktı

THE VIEWS OF PROSPECTIVE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS ABOUT THE NATURE OF SCIENCE

Physical education teachers’ gaining the perception of physical education as a discipline and putting their NOS (Nature of science) notion into operation are crucial for the promotion of educational success. The main purpose of this study is to determine prospective physical education teachers’ and physical education graduates’ nature of science perceptions and their attitudes towards using scientific knowledge in their teaching process. This study was carried out through random sampling method. The participants were 232 prospective physical education teachers studying pedagogical formation at Hitit University and Amasya University and undergraduate students studying physical education and sports at Amasya University in 2015-2016 academic years. “The Nature of Scientific Knowledge Scale” developed by Rubba and Anderson and translated and adapted in Turkish by Kılıç, Sungur, Çakıroğlu and Tekkaya (2005) was used as the data collection tool. It was revealed in the study that while the variables related to subjects’ gender, grade level and whether they follow scientific developments or not cause statistically differences the variables related to the type of master programme and their ages cause no differences. Through the findings of the study, physical education teachers’ NOS perceptions have been determined and some suggestions have been offered for further studies.  Article visualizations

Anthropometric characteristics of sedentary women and comparison of their psychological statesSedanter kadınların antropometrik özellikleri ve psikolojik durumlarının karşılaştırılası

In this study, it’s intended to compare anthropometric characteristics and psychological states of sedentary women. The study is practised on 450 sedentary women living in Çorum. As data collection tool, except personal information survey, body perception, perceived stress level, self concept inventory and back depression scale are used. Student T and Chi square test are used on statistical process. In consequence of study, It has been found that there is quite difference in sedentary women’s who do sport and not, bodyweights, body mass index, menstruation, perceived stress, depression, self concept and level of body perception. It has been found that women who do sports have more regular menstruation period than women who do not (p <0.05, p<0.01). A difference has been found between women’s anthropometric differences and psychological state. On condition that improve the possibility of being able to do sport, women should be encouraged to do sport and habit of keeping in training rate should be increased. ÖzetBu araştırmada sedanter kadınların antropometrik özellikleri ve psikolojik durumlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma Çorum ilinde yaşayan 450 sedanter kadın üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir.  Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi anketi dışında vücut algısı, algılanan stres düzeyi, benlik tasarımı envanteri ve back depresyon ölçeği kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel işlemlerde Student- t ve Ki kare testleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda spor yapan ve yapmayan sedanter kadınların vücut ağırlığı, vücut kitle indeksi, menstürasyon durumları, algıladıkları stres, depresyon, benlik tasarım ve vücut algısı düzeylerinde anlamlı fark olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Menstürasyon durumları karşılaştırıldığında spor yapan kadınların yapmayanlara göre daha düzenli menstürasyon dönemine sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05, p<0.01). Kadınların antropometrik farklılıkları ve psikolojik özellikleri arasında fark bulunmuştur. Kadınlar spor yapılabilme imkanlarını arttırmak koşuluyla spora teşvik edilmeli ve düzenli spor yapma alışkanlığı oranı arttırılmalıdır

Adverse Effect of Different Exercise Types on Ovarian Reserve

In this study, it was aimed to determine the negative effect of different types of exercise on ovarian reserve of sedentary women. A total of 40 sedentary women who met the criteria for admission to work were categorized as aerobic exercise (AE; n:20; age: 33.0±2.0 years old) and strength exercise (SE; n:20; age: 32.7±2.1 years old) groups. Participants in both groups received two different exercises of 60-minute with an intensity of 60-70% for 16 weeks and 4 days per week. Participants' anthropometric (body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, waist and hip rate (WHR)), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH) follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and levels antimülerian hormone (AMH), which used as over-reserve indicators, were measured for before and after exercise. Comparisons of these parameters were evaluated at p0.05). In the SE group, there was a decrease in AHM level (p0.05). As a results; strength exercise triggers to decrease in serum AMH levels and to increase in serum FSH levels. For this reason, strength exercise practices can have negative consequences for fertility, especially for women with lower ovarian reserve values

Research on the impact of recreational activities on the patients of schizophrenia

This research was done for finding out the impacts of Recreational Activities on the Schizophrenic Patients. 30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia registered in Hitit University Education and Research Hospital’s Community Mental Health Centerwere included in the research. The patients were applied with educational games and folk dances as recreational activities three days a week for 12 weeks. In the research, Scale for the Assessment of the Negative Symptoms (SANS), Scale for the Assessment of the positive Symptoms (SAPS), Global Assessment of the Functioning (GAF) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scales were used as data collection tools at the beginning and the end of 12 weeks. In addition, body lipid percentages, body weights and body mass indexes (BMI) of the patients were calculated at the beginning and the end of the research by using TANITA device. According to the results of statistical analyses, the difference between start and end SANS (p=0,471), GAF (p=0,004), CGI (p=0,003) values and body lipid percentages (p=0,019) of the participants was statistically significant. However, the difference between start and end weight (p=0,406), BMI (p=0,471) and SAPS (p=0,081) rates was not statistically significant

Research on the impact of recreational activities on the patients of schizophrenia

This research was done for finding out the impacts of Recreational Activities on the Schizophrenic Patients. 30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia registered in Hitit University Education and Research Hospital’s Community Mental Health Centerwere included in the research. The patients were applied with educational games and folk dances as recreational activities three days a week for 12 weeks. In the research, Scale for the Assessment of the Negative Symptoms (SANS), Scale for the Assessment of the positive Symptoms (SAPS), Global Assessment of the Functioning (GAF) and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scales were used as data collection tools at the beginning and the end of 12 weeks. In addition, body lipid percentages, body weights and body mass indexes (BMI) of the patients were calculated at the beginning and the end of the research by using TANITA device. According to the results of statistical analyses, the difference between start and end SANS (p=0,471), GAF (p=0,004), CGI (p=0,003) values and body lipid percentages (p=0,019) of the participants was statistically significant. However, the difference between start and end weight (p=0,406), BMI (p=0,471) and SAPS (p=0,081) rates was not statistically significant

The Effect of Aerobic and Core Exercises on Forced Vital Capacity

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of aerobic and core strength exercises on forced vital capacity in sedentary women. A total of 40 healthy sedentary women (20 in an aerobic-step group and 20 in a core strength exercise group) with a mean age of 34.4±2.4 years participated voluntarily in this study. Two different exercises were applied to the women for 12 weeks, 4 days a week, at the intensity of 70% for 60 minutes. The women's resting heart rate (RHR), maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced air volume in the first second of forced expiration (FEV1) were measured before and after exercise. For statistical analysis, the Paired Samples-t test was used for intra-group evaluations, and the Independent Samples-t test was used for inter-group evaluations. After the exercise program, significant increases were found in the VO2max, FVC, and FEV1 values, while both groups experienced a decreased RHR (p<0.01). Since the aerobic and forced vital capacities of the sedentary women show a parallel increase as a result of the applied 12-week aerobic and core strength exercises, it can be said that the RHR, VO2maxmax, FEV, and FEV1 respiratory parameters also improved in a positive manner. For this reason, it may be advisable to apply both exercise types for the development of the aerobic and vital capacities of sedentary women