OXIDATIVE STRESS AND SERUM S100B LEVELS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH FIRST-EPISODE DRUG-NAIVE UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION

Background: Unipolar depression is common among adolescents and has high recurrence rates. Studies conducted with adults show that oxidative stress plays a role in etiology of depression but studies with adolescent patients are limited. In addition, baseline S100B level in adult patients with depression is considered as a marker of response to treatment. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of serum S100B, Malondialdehyde (MDA), total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS), which have not been previously investigated in adolescent patients with first-episode, drug-naïve unipolar depression, and to investigate the relationship of these parameters with disease severity and patient-specific variables. Subjects and methods: This study was conducted with 37 adolescents diagnosed with unipolar depression and 37 healthy peers. Participants were asked to fill out the Beck Depression Scale, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders, and suicide probability questionnaires. After this procedure, 5 cc blood was collected from the adolescents and serum S100B, MDA, TOS, and OSI levels measured. Results: Serum S100B, MDA, TOS, and OSI levels were higher and TAS level was lower in patients than their healthy peers. There was no relationship between the patients\u27 severity of depression or suicide probability and these parameters. The serum S100B, MDA, TOS, and OSI levels of female patients were higher than their healthy peers, but the TAS level was not different. Male patients had higher TOS and OSI levels and lower TAS levels than their healthy peers. Conclusions: The results show that increased serum S100B, MDA, TOS and OSI levels may contribute to etiology of depression regardless of gender. The gender-specific increase in S100B and MDA levels, which were significantly increased in female adolescent patients but not in males, should be supported by further follow-up studies

The effect of L-theanine on the oxidant-antioxidant balance in serum and lung tissue in experimentally induced sepsis in rats

139-147Sepsis induces lung injury and respiratory distress syndrome and is therefore potentially fatal. L-theanine (LT), an amino acid found in tea, is a bioactive compound with an important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluates whether, LT exhibits protective effects against lung tissue damage by determining its effect on oxidative stress, inflammation and mineral levels in an experimental model of cecal ligation and perforation (CLP)-induced sepsis in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6): sham, CLP, and CLP+LT. LT was administered intraperitoneally (750 mg/kg) in two equal doses immediately and 12 h after surgery. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced protein oxidation product (AOPP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) values were determined spectrophotometrically. Serum elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Fe), albumin, glucose, triglyceride, and lactate levels were determined using an autoanalyzer. Lung tissues were also examined histopathologically. Treatment of septic rats with LT significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in lung tissues and serum. LT also increased albumin and Na levels and reduced triglyceride levels in serum. In conclusion, LT treatment may exhibit a preventive effect against sepsis-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and by regulating osmotic balance

circRNAs in drug resistance of breast cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common heterogeneous disease in women and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hormone, and targeted therapy are the gold standards for BC treatment. One of the significant challenges during the treatment of BC represents resistance to chemotherapeutics, resistance that severely limits the use and effectiveness of the drugs used for BC treatment. Therefore, it is essential to develop new strategies to improve therapeutic efficacy. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large group of non-coding RNAs that covalently form closed circular loops by joining their 5′, and 3′; ends. Accumulating evidence suggests that circRNAs have a vital role in cancer development, progression, and BC resistance to chemotherapy. The purpose of this review is to discuss the biological properties of circRNAs, and how circRNAs induce resistance to conventional therapeutic anti-cancer drugs used in BC treatment, by emphasizing and summarizing the potential roles of circRNAs in mechanisms of drug resistance, such as drug efflux, apoptosis dysfunction, autophagy, and DNA damage repair. CircRNAs are associated with drug resistance via ATP-binding cassette (ABC) efflux transporters, while some others by inhibition of cell apoptosis, thus leading to resistance to tamoxifen in BC cells. In contrast, others are involved in the promotion of BC cells chemoresistance by doxorubicin-induced autophagy. CircRNAs may have clinical significance in regulating or overcoming BC drug resistance and may give directions towards a novel approach to personalized BC treatment. CircRNAs may significantly contribute to the identification of new therapeutic targets for the prevention of BC chemoresistance. © 2022, Tech Science Press. All rights reserved

The effects of N-acetylcysteine on microsomal and serum paraoxonase 1 activities at high fat diet induced obese rats

41st FEBS Congress on Molecular and Systems Biology for a Better Life -- SEP 03-08, 2016 -- Kusadasi, TURKEYWOS: 000383616901816…FEB

Effects of Metoprolol on Experimental Spinal Cord Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of metoprolol and its efficacy in reducing lipidperoxidation levels in the spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion model in rats.Material and Methods: Twenty (20) Sprague-Dawley female rats weighing between 220 gr and 280 gr were randomlydivided into 3 groups. Only laparotomy was performed in the control group, and the aorta abdominalis was revealed. Inthe groups other than the control group, clip compression was applied to the aorta abdominalis for 45 minutes. Theischemia group was not given any medication. Metoprolol was administered intraperitoneally at 0.5 mg/kg to themetoprolol group. Motor examination was made according to Tarlov scale at the 1st and 24th hours and then, spinalcords of all rat models were removed. Spinal cord tissue samples were collected for histopathological examination andfor determining malondialdehyde (MDA) level. All rats were sacrificed by draining blood after their motorexaminations.Results: According to motor examination findings at the 1st and 24th hours, metoprolol resulted in a statisticallysignificant improvement in recovery (p=0.045). Histopathological examinations revealed that metoprolol contributed toneurological recovery by reducing neuronal necrosis. MDA levels, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, weresignificantly lower in the metoprolol group when compared to the ischemia group (p=0.001).Conclusion: Metoprolol was found to be significantly effective in reducing and/or preventing spinal cord ischemiareperfusion injury

The effect of L-theanine on the oxidant-antioxidant balance in serum and lung tissue in experimentally induced sepsis in rats

Sepsis induces lung injury and respiratory distress syndrome and is therefore potentially fatal. L-theanine (LT), an amino acid found in tea, is a bioactive compound with an important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties. The purpose of this study was to evaluates whether, LT exhibits protective effects against lung tissue damage by determining its effect on oxidative stress, inflammation and mineral levels in an experimental model of cecal ligation and perforation (CLP)-induced sepsis in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6): sham, CLP, and CLP+LT. LT was administered intraperitoneally (750 mg/kg) in two equal doses immediately and 12 h after surgery. Malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced protein oxidation product (AOPP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) values were determined spectrophotometrically. Serum elements (Na, K, Mg, Ca, and Fe), albumin, glucose, triglyceride, and lactate levels were determined using an autoanalyzer. Lung tissues were also examined histopathologically. Treatment of septic rats with LT significantly reduced oxidative stress and inflammation in lung tissues and serum. LT also increased albumin and Na levels and reduced triglyceride levels in serum. In conclusion, LT treatment may exhibit a preventive effect against sepsis-induced lung injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and by regulating osmotic balance

Effects of 900-MHz electromagnetic fields exposure throughout middle/late adolescence on the kidney morphology and biochemistry of the female rat

Demir, Selim/0000-0002-1863-6280WOS: 000446534300004PubMed: 30009691The effect of the electromagnetic field (EMF) established when cell phones are in use on human health, and particularly the head, has been the subject of major scientific research. Phones are usually carried near the lumbar region when not in use, and the kidneys will also inevitably be affected by such fields. We investigated the effects on the kidneys of female rats exposed to a continuous 900-megahertz (MHz) EMF for 1 h daily in mid-late adolescence. Control, sham, and EMF groups were established. The EMF was applied to the application group rats daily on postnatal days 35-59. A pseudo-megahertz effect was applied to sham group rats. All animals were euthanized on postnatal day 60. Right kidney tissues were subjected to routine procedures. Malondialdehyde, total antioxidant status, and total oxidant status (TOS) were investigated in left kidneys, and the oxidative stress index (OSI) was also calculated from these. Histopathological analysis revealed no pathology in either the control or sham groups. However, findings including hemorrhage in glomerulus, vacuolization and irregularity in the proximal and distal tubular epithelium, diffuse glomerular degeneration and edema, occasional degeneration in Bowman capsules, hemorrhage in the medullary region, disturbed nucleus location and morphology, and tubular edema in the cortex were observed in the EMF groups. TOS and OSI values were lower in the EMF group (9.4316 +/- 1.0211 and 0.8461 +/- 0.0826, respectively) and the sham group (8.2171 +/- 0.6437 and 0.7358 +/- 0.0545, respectively) than in the control group (11.1522 +/- 1.3389 and 1.0085 +/- 0.1174, respectively) (p < 0.05). In conclusion, exposure to a continuous 900-MHz EMF for 1 h daily during middle and late adolescence may cause various changes in the female rat kidney at postnatal day 60

Akut Miyeloid Lösemi Hastalarında Karbonik Anhidraz I ve II Otoantikorları

Amaç: Kanser, dünyadaki başlıca ölüm nedenlerinden birisi olup, küresel bir toplum sağlığı sorunudur. Organizmanın kendi antijenlerine karşı gelişen otoantikorlar pek çok kanser hastasının serumunda tespit edilmiştir. Son yıllarda karbonik anhidraz (KA) I ve II otoantikorlarının varlığı bazı otoimmün hastalıklarda ve kanser türlerinde gösterilmiştir, ancak bu immün yanıtın altında yatan mekanizmalar henüz açıklanabilmiş değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, akut miyeloid lösemili (AML) kişilerde, KA I ve II otoantikorlarının varlığını değerlendirmek ve hastalığın otoimmün temeline dair yeni bir bakış açısı sağlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Otuz hasta ve 30 sağlıklı kontrolden elde edilen serum örneklerinde anti-KA I ve II antikor düzeyleri ELISA yöntemiyle belirlendi. Bulgular: AML grubundaki anti-KA I ve II antikor düzeyleri kontrol grubu (p= sırasıyla 0,0001 ve 0,018) ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Ayrıca KA I ve II otoantikor seviyeleri arasında güçlü bir pozitif korelasyon saptandı (r=0,613; p=0,0001). Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar bu otoantikorların AML patogenezinde rolü olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Kesin mekanizmayı ortaya çıkarabilmek için daha kapsamlı çalışmalar gereklidir.Amaç: Kanser, dünyadaki başlıca ölüm nedenlerinden birisi olup, küresel bir toplum sağlığı sorunudur. Organizmanın kendi antijenlerine karşı gelişen otoantikorlar pek çok kanser hastasının serumunda tespit edilmiştir. Son yıllarda karbonik anhidraz (KA) I ve II otoantikorlarının varlığı bazı otoimmün hastalıklarda ve kanser türlerinde gösterilmiştir, ancak bu immün yanıtın altında yatan mekanizmalar henüz açıklanabilmiş değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, akut miyeloid lösemili (AML) kişilerde, KA I ve II otoantikorlarının varlığını değerlendirmek ve hastalığın otoimmün temeline dair yeni bir bakış açısı sağlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Otuz hasta ve 30 sağlıklı kontrolden elde edilen serum örneklerinde anti-KA I ve II antikor düzeyleri ELISA yöntemiyle belirlendi. Bulgular: AML grubundaki anti-KA I ve II antikor düzeyleri kontrol grubu (p= sırasıyla 0,0001 ve 0,018) ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Ayrıca KA I ve II otoantikor seviyeleri arasında güçlü bir pozitif korelasyon saptandı (r=0,613; p=0,0001). Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar bu otoantikorların AML patogenezinde rolü olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Kesin mekanizmayı ortaya çıkarabilmek için daha kapsamlı çalışmalar gereklidir

Autoantibodies Against Carbonic Anhydrase I and II in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Objective: Cancer, one of the principal causes of death, is a global social health problem. Autoantibodies developed against the organism’s self-antigens are detected in the sera of subjects with cancer. In recent years carbonic anhydrase (CA) I and II autoantibodies have been shown in some autoimmune diseases and carcinomas, but the mechanisms underlying this immune response have not yet been explained. The aim of this study was to evaluate CA I and II autoantibodies in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and to provide a novel perspective regarding the autoimmune basis of the disease. Materials and Methods: Anti-CA I and II antibody levels were investigated using ELISA in serum samples from 30 patients with AML and 30 healthy peers. Results: Anti-CA I and II antibody titers in the AML group were significantly higher compared with the control group (p=0.0001 and 0.018, respectively). A strong positive correlation was also determined between titers of anti-CA I and II antibodies (r=0.613, p=0.0001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that these autoantibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of AML. More extensive studies are now needed to reveal the entire mechanism