Ferroelectric materials for neuromorphic computing

Ferroelectric materials are promising candidates for synaptic weight elements in neural network hardware because of their nonvolatile multilevel memory effect. This feature is crucial for their use in mobile applications such as inference when vector matrix multiplication is performed during portable artificial intelligence service. In addition, the adaptive learning effect in ferroelectric polarization has gained considerable research attention for reducing the CMOS circuit overhead of an integrator and amplifier with an activation function. In spite of their potential for a weight and a neuron, material issues have been pointed out for commercialization in conjunction with CMOS processing and device structures. Herein, we review ferroelectric synaptic weights and neurons from the viewpoint of materials in relation to device operation, along with discussions and suggestions for improvement. Moreover, we discuss the reliability of HfO2 as an emerging material and suggest methods to overcome the scaling issue of ferroelectrics.11Ysciescopu

Stability of Fine Tuned Hierarchies in Strongly Coupled Chiral Models

A fine tuned hierarchy between a strongly coupled high energy compositeness scale and a much lower chiral symmetry breaking scale is a requisite ingredient in many models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking. Using a nonperturbative continuous Wilson renormalization group equation approach, we explore the stability of such a hierarchy against quantum fluctuations.Comment: 14,PURD-TH-94-1

パンチルトカメラを用いたクレーンブームの衝突モニタリングシステム

金沢大学理工研究域機械工学系クレーン作業中にブームが送電線や建物に接触する事故がある．監視者がいても高所の位置関係は把握しにくい．そこで本研究では，ステレオカメラでクレーンブーム先端を追跡しながら３次元位置を検出し，接触事故を防ぐシステムを開発している．本報告では，100m程度の遠方でもモニタリングできるよう，全体を見渡す広角カメラと位置を精度良く検出するパンチルト型の望遠ステレオカメラを連動させたシステムを提案する.出版者照会後に全文公

Pretaporter, a Drosophila protein serving as a ligand for Draper in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells

金沢大学医薬保健研究域薬学系Phagocytic removal of cells undergoing apoptosis is necessary for animal development and tissue homeostasis. Draper, a homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans phagocytosis receptor CED-1, is responsible for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in Drosophila, but its ligand presumably present on apoptotic cells remains unknown. An endoplasmic reticulum protein that binds to the extracellular region of Draper was isolated. Loss of this protein, which we name Pretaporter, led to a reduced level of apoptotic cell clearance in embryos, and the overexpression of pretaporter in the mutant flies rescued this defect. Results from genetic analyses suggested that Pretaporter functionally interacts with Draper and the corresponding signal mediators. Pretaporter was exposed at the cell surface after the induction of apoptosis, and cells artificially expressing Pretaporter at their surface became susceptible to Draper-mediated phagocytosis. Finally, the incubation with Pretaporter augmented the tyrosine-phosphorylation of Draper in phagocytic cells. These results collectively suggest that Pretaporter relocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface during apoptosis to serve as a ligand for Draper in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. © 2009 European Molecular Biology Organization

The Action of the Disaster Prevention Education in the Uekusa Gakuen Junior College（Part 8）:

本学では平成23年から繰り返される大災害にその都度被災地支援を行ってきた。平成26年度より体系化した教育プログラムを策定、実施し、４回の拠点的福祉避難所運営訓練を行い、マニュアルも作成した。今年度は２つの検証を行った。１つ目は教育プログラムの検証である。２つ目はより現実的な全学的に取り組む拠点的福祉避難所運営訓練の検証、検討を行った。departmental bulletin pape

Retrocerebellar glio-ependymal cyst with corpora amylacea in wall. Case report

金沢大学医薬保健研究域医学系金沢大学附属病院脳神経外科The capsule of a retrocerebellar glio-ependymal cyst, which was incidentally found in a 54-year-old asymptomatic female, was studied by both light and electron microscopy. Microscopically, the capsule measured 25-400 ﾎｼm in thickness and consisted of four layers. The external covering was an arachnoid cell layer abutting on the thick connective tissue with scattered vessels, whereas the luminal lining was a layer of ependymal cells abutting on the glial tissue. The ependymal cells were cuboidal in shape and some, but not all, were ciliated. The glial tissue underneath the ependymal lining contained numerous corpora amylacea, especially in its abluminal side. Electronmicroscopically, the arachnoid cell layer consisted of both arachnoid epithelium and the underlying arachnoid cells. The former showed a relatively higher electron density than the latter. There was a distinct basement membrane between them. In the former, a moderate number of desmosomes and intermediate junctions assured contacts between the arachnoid cells. In the latter, there were many extracellular clefts containing numerous collagen fibrils and microfibrils. Neighboring cytoplasmic processes often formed interdigitations. The luminal surface of ependymal cells displayed variable numbers of microvilli with or without cilia, whereas the abluminal surface abutted directly on the astrocytic processes of the glial layer. There were some interdigitations of the plasmalemma of adjacent cells, with surface specializations consisting of fasciae adherentes joined by gap junctions. Two or more adjacent cells contributed to the development of microrosettes, packed with both numerous surface microvilli and several profiles of cilia. The corpora amylacea varied 5-15 ﾎｼm in diameter and consisted of randomly oriented filaments with the fine osmiophilic granules. The fibrillar elements within the processes of the fibrillary astrocytes swept around the corpora amylacea or impinged upon the latter. Although their outline was usually smooth and clearly demarcated, no membrane or space intervened between the corpora amylacea and the surrounding structures. It is most probable that the present glio-ependymal cyst arose from the displaced segment of the wall of the neural tube, which corresponds to the sites from which the tela chorioidea forms