Aadhaar: India’s National Identification System and Consent-Based Privacy Rights

India’s national identification program, Aadhaar, created the largest national biometric database in the world. While the program is touted as voluntary, the increasing dependence on it, and the laws surrounding it, make it de facto mandatory. This Note examines the social and legal landscapes surrounding the Aadhaar program along with the principles of data privacy and biometric data collection in the European Union and the United States to show how those principles can and should apply to the Aadhaar system. This Note suggests that the way to strengthen the Aadhaar system’s privacy regime is by balancing the principles of necessity and consent. This can be done through the national data privacy legislation that is currently in the works. Finally, this Note emphasizes the importance of the privacy rights and individual interests of the people, especially for a program where consent is meant to be the basis for data collection and in a country where privacy is a fundamental and constitutional right

Retinoblastoma – pattern, presentation and management: a quintessential experience of 5 years

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy of childhood. It accounts for 10-15% of cancers that occur in infants. Objective of the study was to determine the pattern, presentation and management of Retinoblastoma (RB) patients at a tertiary cancer care center in South India, during a period of 5 years (1st November 2009 to 1st December 2014).Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed as having retinoblastoma obtained from hospital information system and our cancer registry. Data sought was demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, investigations done, the methods of management and the treatment outcome of retinoblastoma patients.Results: Total number of cases studied was 31 and total number of eyes studied was 47. Out of 31 cases, 58% were female. 52% had bilateral involvement. The median age at presentation was 24 months. The commonest mode of presentation was leukocoria (55%) followed by proptosis (22%). Out of 47 eyes studied, 87% were advanced tumours belonging to Group D or Group E. Metastasis to the central nervous system was noted in 22.6% patients belonging to either Group D or Group E. Out of the 31 patients, 64.6% patients underwent enucleation. 6 out of 31 cases succumbed to death.Conclusions: Retinoblastoma continues to be a challenge in developing countries. Lack of awareness and inaccessibility to proper healthcare facilities are major stumbling blocks in achieving high cure rates. Educating the public and healthcare professionals, importance of early diagnosis and prompt referral are vital in reducing morbidity and mortality associated with the disease

Mini-COVIDNet: Efficient Lightweight Deep Neural Network for Ultrasound Based Point-of-Care Detection of COVID-19

submittedVersio

Critical Computational Aspects of Near Infrared Circular Tomographic Imaging: Analysis of Measurement Number, Mesh Resolution and Reconstruction Basis

The image resolution and contrast in Near-Infrared (NIR) tomographic image reconstruction are affected by parameters such as the number of boundary measurements, the mesh resolution in the forward calculation and the reconstruction basis. Increasing the number of measurements tends to make the sensitivity of the domain more uniform reducing the hypersensitivity at the boundary. Using singular-value decomposition (SVD) and reconstructed images, it is shown that the numbers of 16 or 24 fibers are sufficient for imaging the 2D circular domain for the case of 1% noise in the data. The number of useful singular values increases as the logarithm of the number of measurements. For this 2D reconstruction problem, given a computational limit of 10 sec per iteration, leads to choice of forward mesh with 1785 nodes and reconstruction basis of 30×30 elements. In a three-dimensional (3D) NIR imaging problem, using a single plane of data can provide useful images if the anomaly to be reconstructed is within the measurement plane. However, if the location of the anomaly is not known, 3D data collection strategies are very important. Further the quantitative accuracy of the reconstructed anomaly increased approximately from 15% to 89% as the anomaly is moved from the centre to boundary, respectively. The data supports the exclusion of out of plane measurements may be valid for 3D NIR imaging

Design and Implementation of Deep Learning Based Contactless Authentication System Using Hand Gestures

Hand gestures based sign language digits have several contactless applications. Applications include communication for impaired people, such as elderly and disabled people, health-care applications, automotive user interfaces, and security and surveillance. This work presents the design and implementation of a complete end-to-end deep learning based edge computing system that can verify a user contactlessly using ‘authentication code’. The ‘authentication code’ is an ‘n’ digit numeric code and the digits are hand gestures of sign language digits. We propose a memory-efficient deep learning model to classify the hand gestures of the sign language digits. The proposed deep learning model is based on the bottleneck module which is inspired by the deep residual networks. The model achieves classification accuracy of 99.1% on the publicly available sign language digits dataset. The model is deployed on a Raspberry pi 4 Model B edge computing system to serve as an edge device for user verification. The edge computing system consists of two steps, it first takes input from the camera attached to it in real-time and stores it in the buffer. In the second step, the model classifies the digit with the inference rate of 280 ms, by taking the first image in the buffer as input.publishedVersio

Surface roughness of acrylic denture base resins polished with different abrasive agents: an in vitro study

Background: Excessive surface roughness on the denture base can adversely impact the oral health of the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to polish the denture before they are delivered to the patient. The abrasive and polishing agents should provide a smoother surface without affecting the physical and mechanical properties of denture bases. Aim: This study aims to examine and understand the potential of different polishing materials on surface roughness of acrylic denture base resins. Materials and methods: A total of 60 Heat-cure acrylic specimens (acrylic bars) were made and grouped into six groups. Control (no abrasive), Pumice (Micro-white), Eggshell powder, Seashell powder, Black sand powder, White sand powder are used as abrasive materials for polishing these specimens. These polished specimens were subjected to profilometer surface roughness analysis. Results: The acrylic specimens polished with eggshell powder on acrylic specimens showed the least surface roughness followed by black sand, white sand, pumice and seashell powders. Tukey HSD showed significant differences (p=0.000) between unpolished and polished specimens. Conclusion: Eggshell powder effectively reduced the surface roughness of denture base resin material. However, the surface roughness demonstrated by all the abrasive materials used was within the threshold limit (2 µm). Therefore, all the materials can be used as abrasives

TO DEVISE OF FUSION NETWORK FOR AUGMENT THE EFFICIENCY AT SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM

A manage rule for a standalone well-known individual electric powered phenomenon (PV)-the diesel-battery hybrid device is enforced at some point of this paper. The planned tool deals with the intermittent nature of the power generated via the PV array and it conjointly gives electricity splendid development. The PV array is included thru a dc-dc enhance converter and is controlled the use of the handiest factor pursuit rule to get the maximum power beneath varying in operation conditions. The battery strength garage tool (BESS) is protected inside the ICE generator set for the coordinated load manage and power waft within the device. The admittance-primarily based completely manage rule is hired for load equalization, harmonics elimination, and reactive strength reimbursement below 3-section four-wire linear and nonlinear hundreds. A 4-leg voltage-deliver converter with BESS conjointly offers unbiased current repayment. The standard common overall performance of the planned stand-by me hybrid device is studied under sincerely precise loading situations through a take a look at on an advanced epitome of the device