Regeneration of begonia plantlets by direct organogenesis

The economic importance of ornamentals worldwide suggests a bright future for ornamental breeding. Rapid progress in plant molecular biology has great potentials to contribute to the breeding of novel ornamental plants utilizing recombinant DNA technology. The plant cell, tissue or organ culture of many ornamental species and their regeneration are essential for providing the material and systems for their genetic manipulation, and this is therefore the first requirement of genetic engineering. In this research, different concentration of BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl(-1) with NAA ( 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 mgl(-1)) and BA (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 mgl(-1)) with IAA ( 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, mgl(-1)) were investigated to optimize regeneration of Begonia elatior cv. Toran orange. The best regeneration and growth were obtained from the media containing 2.0 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) NAA (70%) followed by 1.0 mgl(-1) BA and 0.5 mgl(-1) NAA (50%), 1.0 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) NAA (20%) in BA - NAA combination. The media with BA - IAA combination showed that the best regeneration was 0.5 mgl(-1) BA and 0.5 mgl(-1) IAA (43%) followed by 0.5 mgl(-1) BA and 1.0 mgl(-1) IAA (23%)

Approaches to the low grade metamorphic history of the karakaya complex by chlorite mineralogy and geochemistry

In this study, chlorite is used to investigate the diagenetic-metamorphic evolution and accurate geological history of the different units belonging to the Karakaya complex, Turkey. Primary and secondary chlorite minerals in the very low-grade metamorphic rocks display interference colors of blue and brown and an appearance of optical isotropy. Chlorites are present in the matrix, pores, and/or rocks units as platy/flaky and partly radial forms. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data indicate that Mg-Fe chlorites with entirely IIb polytype (trioctahedral) exhibit a variety of compositions, such as brunsvigite-diabantite-chamosite. The major element contents and structural formulas of chlorite also suggest these were derived from both felsic and metabasic source rocks. Trace and rare earth element (REE) concentrations of chlorites increase with increasing grade of metamorphism, and these geochemical changes can be related to the tectonic structures, formational mechanics, and environments present during their generation. © 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Procjena proizvodnosti i gubitaka zbog reprodukcijskih poremećaja u mliječnih goveda zaraženih goveđim herpesvirusom 1.

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis caused by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV 1), which negatively affects the production performance of infected cattle herds, results in considerable economic losses in dairy farms. The present study aimed to estimate farm-level production and reproductive performance losses in seropositive (SP) dairy cattle infected with BoHV-1. A total of 266 non-vaccinated cows were selected from 31 herds located in different parts of Hatay, Turkey. Data collected from SP and seronegative (SN) cows were compared with each other. Compared to the SN cows, 10% and 9% decreases were found regarding milk production (P<.01) and live weight (P<.01) in SP cows, respectively. Reproductive and mixed clinical problems in infected cows lead to the highest losses in respect of milk production and live weight, respectively. The financial loss due to the infection was estimated to be $US331 if abortion does not occur, and$US509 if abortion occurs as a result of the infection. Considering the likelihood of abortion, the average cost of infection was estimated to be $US379 per infected cow.Zarazni rinotraheitis uzrokovan goveđim herpesvirusom 1 negativno utječe na proizvodne sposobnosti zaraženog stada i dovodi do znatnih gospodarskih šteta. Istraživanje je provedeno radi procjene proizvodnje i gubitaka zbog reprodukcijskih poremećaja mliječnih goveda serološki pozitivnih na goveđi herpesvirus 1. Za istraživanje je bilo odabrano ukupno 266 necijepljenih krava iz 31 stada iz različitih dijelova područja Hatay u Turskoj. Međusobno su uspoređeni rezultati od serološki pozitivnih i serološki negativnih krava. U usporedbi sa serološki negativnim kravama proizvodnja mlijeka u serološki pozitivnih bila je smanjena za 10$ ako se nije javljao pobačaj, a 509 US $kad se javljao pobačaj kao rezultat infekcije. Razmatrajući vjerojatnost pojave pobačaja, prosječni gubitak od infekcije procijenjen je na 379 US$ po zaraženoj kravi

A primal--dual algorithm as applied to optimal control problems

We propose a primal--dual technique that applies to infinite dimensional equality constrained problems, in particular those arising from optimal control. As an application of our general framework, we solve a control-constrained double integrator optimal control problem and the challenging control-constrained free flying robot optimal control problem by means of our primal--dual scheme. The algorithm we use is an epsilon-subgradient method that can also be interpreted as a penalty function method. We provide extensive comparisons of our approach with a traditional numerical approach

A note on the effect of pre-slaughter transport duration on nutrient composition and fatty acid profile of broiler breast meat.

WOS: 00029493340000

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The presence of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) in the environmental counterparts has become an important problem because of their toxicity. In this study, the photocatalytic degradation reactions of the three OPs with hydroxyl radical were investigated by both experimental and quantum chemical methods. Photocatalytic degradation kinetics of the examined organophosphorus compounds were investigated under UV-A irradiation using TiO2 as the photocatalyst. The effects of the initial concentrations on the degradation rate have been examined. There was an observable loss of OPs in the presence of TiO2 photocatalyst under UV-A at 0.2 g TiO2 per 100 mL. The quantum chemical calculations have been carried out by the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31g(d) level. The reaction pathways were modelled to find the most probable mechanism for OPs with the OH radical and to determine the primary intermediates. The rate constants of the eight reaction paths were calculated by the transition state theory. Conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) was used as the solvation model with the intention of understanding the water effect. The theoretical results were in agreement with experimental ones. © 2021 Serbian Chemical Society. All rights reserved.18,164Acknowledgement. The authors of this research has greatfully acknowledgemented to financially support of Tekirdag Namık Kemal University Research Project with the project number of NKUBAP.01.GA.18.164