Simulation study of P, PI and PD controllers for DC motor position

DC motor position is a direct current that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. It is known to have the exact angular position as well as a fast reaction. DC motor position is widely used in industry for example the conveyor system, x-y positioning table and others. However, the performance of the DC motor position can be influenced by a controller as well as the DC motor itself in providing outstanding performance. Therefore, this paper will discuss the performances of the DC motor position which applied different controllers tuned by the Ziegler-Nichols tuning method. Controllers that will be implemented are P, PI, and PD controllers. To validate the performance of the DC motor position derived from the DC motor circuit as well as the controllers, it will be compared between the DC motor which applied these different controllers and the DC motor position without any controller. These performances will be done by the simulation in MATLAB/Simulink software and evaluated in terms of the transient response aspects which are rise time, settling time and percentage overshoot. At the end of the study, it portrayed that the DC motor position with the P controller has an outstanding performance compared to the DC motor position without any controller and other controllers

A mathematical model of PD controller-based DC motor system using system identification approach

A mathematical model is a crucial element of a system. This is to ensure the system obtains outstanding performance, particularly when there is a controller included. Thus, in this study, a comparison between DC motor PD controllers with and without system identification will be made with the concept of poles and zeros. Furthermore, the Cohen-Coon tuning method will be applied to tune the parameters of the proposed controller by using the MATLAB/Simulink software. Then, some tests were performed by varying the number of poles and zeros. After that, the performance of the DC motor with the proposed controller will be assessed in terms of transient response aspects. Throughout the study, it can be guaranteed that the process of system identification is needed to ensure that the performance of the DC motor can be enhanced. With that justification, the performance of the DC motor PD controller with two poles and no zero is better compared to the others. It had the shortest rise time of 0.052 s, the shortest settling time of 1.906 s, the shortest peak time of 1.142 s, and the lowest overshoot of 56.56 percent with no steady-state error

Assistive contents for hearing-impaired people

This paper reports an ongoing study on designing a learning content for hearing-impaired people. Since teaching hearing-impaired people orally is too burdening, both the teachers and students, an alternative has to be provided. Hence, the idea of providing contents in electronic means came into consideration.It is useful, because the hearing-impaired students could utilize the contents on their own pace.Understanding their limitations, this study attempts to gather the preferences by the hearing-impaired people.Hence, a series of interviews were conducted, assisted by a sign language interpreter.Based on the findings from the interviews, the contents were story-boarded. It was used for gathering feedback from the users. When the most preferred layout was determined, the content was developed, and tested with the users. It was found that the proposed requirements are able to make hearing-impaired happy to learn with the material, which is called Assistive Content for Hearing-impaired (AC4HI) people

Design of assistive video for hearing-impaired (AV4HI)

This paper reports on an initiative that assists hearing-impaired students and their teachers in the teaching and learning activities.Through a preliminary study, it was found that both hearing-impaired students and their teachers face many problems with the existing approach, including difficulties in acquire contents, high tendency of getting stressed, and high potential to miss the syllabus. Based on the identified problem, this study initiates an alternative approach, by introducing a type of specially-designed learning material for the hearing-impaired called Assistive Video for Hearing-impaired (AV4HI).User-centered Design (UCD) approach has been utilized in carrying out the study, in which both hearing impaired and their teachers were involved in the process of coming out with the design. Eventually, it was found that the hearing-impaired students enjoy the prototype very much, and expect to have the AV4HI in their teaching and learning activities

Design of a fuzzy logic proportional integral derivative controller of direct current motor speed control

Direct current (DC) motor speed control is useful. Speed can be modified based on needs and operations. DC motors cannot control their speed. To control the DC motor’s speed, a dependable controller is needed. The DC motor speed will be controlled by a fuzzy logic proportional integral derivative controller (FLC-PID). The DC motor circuit’s electrical and mechanical components have been modeled mathematically. Ziegler-Nichols is used to tune the PID controller’s gain parameters. The FLC controller employs 3×3 membership function rules in conjunction with the MATLAB/Fuzzy Simulink toolbox. Real hardware was attached to the simulation to evaluate the DC motor speed control using the fuzzy logic PID controller. DC motors with FLC PID controllers, FLC controllers, and DC motors alone will be compared for the transient response. The DC motor with an FLC PID controller performed better in this study

Application of modified adaptive bats sonar algorithm with doppler effect and levy flight (MABSA-DELF) to optimize mechanical engineering problems

This paper describes the application of the Modified Adaptive Bats Sonar Algorithm with Doppler Effect and Levy Flight (MABSA-DELF) to mechanical engineering design optimization issues. MABSA-DELF is a new algorithm that employs Doppler Effect and Levy Flight theory to improve the position of the transmitted bats’ beam. This project served as a showcase for the superior performance of MABSA-DELF. It was created using the MATLAB software’s computer simulation method. MABSA-DELF demonstrated a superior ability to solve engineering design problems in the fields of business, mechanical/manufacturing engineering, and electrical engineering. MABSA-DELF’s result are compared to those of other established algorithms

Interactive video games to reduce paediatric procedural pain and anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Procedural pain and anxiety in children can be poorly controlled, leading to significant short- and long-term sequelae, such as longer procedure times or future healthcare avoidance. Caregiver anxiety can exacerbate these effects. We aimed to evaluate the effect of interactive video game interventions on children's procedural pain and anxiety, including the effect of different types of video games on those outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of interactive video games compared with standard care in children (0–18 yr) undergoing painful procedures. We searched the databases MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO. We conducted random-effects meta-analysis using ‘R’ of children's procedural pain and anxiety and caregivers' anxiety. Results: Of 2185 studies screened, 36 were eligible (n=3406 patients). Studies commonly involved venous access (33%) or day surgery (31%). Thirty-four studies were eligible for meta-analyses. Interactive video games appear to reduce children's procedural pain (standardised mean difference [SMD]=–0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.67 to –0.20), anxiety (SMD=0.61; 95% CI: –0.88 to –0.34), and caregivers' procedural anxiety (SMD=–0.31; 95% CI: –0.58 to –0.04). We observed no difference between preparatory and distracting games, or between virtual reality and non-virtual reality games. We also observed no difference between interactive video games compared with standard care for most medical outcomes (e.g. procedure length), except a reduced need for restraint. Studies reported minimal adverse effects and typically had high intervention acceptability and satisfaction. Conclusions: Our findings support introducing easily available video games, such as distraction-based conventional video games, into routine practice to minimise paediatric procedural pain and child/caregiver anxiety

[Isqat Tadbir al-'Uyub Approach in Strengthening Women’s Self-Resilience] Pendekatan Isqat Tadbir al-'Uyub dalam Memperkasakan Ketahanan Diri Wanita

In an effort to develop current generations who are competitive and have self-resilience in this era of globalization, The Ministry of Women, Family and Community Development (2019) wished  to develop women who possess knowledge and vision, creativity, innovation and acknowledging noble values. The government's efforts indirectly showed the importance of self-resilience in facing various types of current challenges. There are studies which show that there are differences in the level of self-resilience among women. However, this aspect of self-resilience can be trained and learned. Therefore, this study aims to investigate and propose its solution through Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub approach in strengthening women’s self-resilience to avoid stress and psychological problems due to lack of understanding toward the teachings of the Quran.  To address the questions and objectives of this study, a qualitative approach using documents analysis was applied. This study methode is based on library research by analyzing the book of turath. This study found that the Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub approach is able to contribute in developing women with self-resilience who are then able to contribute in development of family, community and the country. Dalam usaha membangunkan generasi masa kini yang berdaya saing dan mempunyai ketahanan diri di era globalisasi ini, Kementerian Pembangunan Wanita, Keluarga dan Masyarakat (2019) berusaha untuk melahirkan wanita yang berilmu dan berwawasan, mempunyai daya kreativiti, dan inovasi serta menghayati nilai-nilai murni. Rentetan daripada usaha kerajaan tersebut secara tidak langsung memperlihatkan kepentingan aspek ketahanan diri dalam berhadapan dengan pelbagai cabaran semasa. Terdapat kajian yang menunjukkan wujud pebezaan tahap ketahanan diri dalam kalangan wanita. Namun, aspek ketahanan diri ini boleh diasah dan dipelajari. Justeru, kertas kerja ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan mencadangkan penyelesaiannya menerusi pendekatan Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub dalam memperkasakan ketahanan diri wanita agar terhindar dari tekanan dan masalah jiwa akibat dari kurangnya pemahaman tentang ajaran al-Quran. Bagi menjawab persoalan dan tujuan kajian, reka bentuk pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan analisis dokumen diaplikasikan dalam kajian ini. Metod kajian ini berdasarkan kajian perpustakaan dengan menganalisis kitab turath. Kajian ini mendapati pendekatan Isqat Tadbir Al-’Uyub mampu menyumbang dalam membangunkan golongan wanita yang berdaya tahan seterusnya berupaya memberi sumbangan dalam konteks pembangunan keluarga, masyarakat, dan Negara

First-principles studies on structural, electronic and optical properties of Fe-doped NiS2 counter electrode for Dye- sensitised solar cells using DFT+U / Nur Aisyah Ab Malik Marwan …[et al.]

The structural, electronic, and optical properties of nickel disulfide (NiS2) and iron (Fe)-doped NiS2 were computed by using first-principles calculations through the density functional theory (DFT) method. The Fe was used as a dopant element to understand the behaviour and the key mechanism of Fe-doped NiS2 as a counter electrode in dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSC). The results indicated that the structural properties of the NiS2 as the cubic crystal structure with the space group Pa3 (205) (pyrite structure type) agree with experimental data. The density of states (DOS) of NiS2 and Fe-doped NiS2 shows a gapless bandgap due to Mott-Hubbard insulator behavior. As for optical properties, the optical absorption of NiS2 is shifted towards the infrared (IR) region when doping with Fe while the conductivity of Fe-doped NiS2 is slightly higher in conductivity. These optical properties show that Fe-doped NiS2 is suitable for the photocatalytic activity and may provide an excellent electron charge transfer for a counter electrode in DSSC

A concept of assistive courseware for hearing-impaired learners

This paper reports on an initiative that develops a concept of teaching and learning material for hearing-impaired learners in higher learning institutions. It describes the needs for the concept. The aim of the paper is to describe about the concept that is developed through User-centered Design approach.It involves observation and interview in three seminars in gathering the components of the concept. In the three seminars, users who are the hearing-impaired learners and their teachers were involved very closely. In the end, the concept has been derived and evaluated. The evaluation further reveal that the concept has been well-accepted by the users