Pembentukan persamaan untuk menganggar berat badan dalam kalangan warga emas di Lembah Klang

Berat badan mungkin boleh dianggarkan dengan menggunakan persamaan yang dibentuk daripada pengukuran antropometri, apabila berat badan sukar untuk diukur dalam kalangan warga emas yang terlantar. Objektif kajian ini ialah untuk membentuk persamaan menganggar berat badan dalam kalangan warga emas yang tinggal di Lembah Klang daripada beberapa pengukuran antropometri. Kajian hirisan lintang ini dijalankan dalam kalangan warga emas yang tinggal di komuniti, berumur 60 tahun dan ke atas di kawasan Lembah Klang. Subjek direkrut berdasarkan kaedah persampelan mudah. Berat badan, ketinggian berdiri, ketinggian lutut (KH), demi-span (DS), lipatan kulit subskapula (SSF), ukurlilit betis (CC), ukurlilit pinggang (WC), ukurlilit pinggul (HC), ukurlilit pertengahan lengan atas (MUAC) dan ukurlilit pergelangan tangan (WrC) diukur mengikut protokol yang standard. Validasi silang telah dilakukan. 61% daripada jumlah subjek yang dipilih secara rawak adalah untuk pembentukan persamaan manakala 39% subjek adalah subjek kawalan. Persamaan dibentuk menggunakan analisis regresi berganda secara berperingkat. Seramai 164 orang warga emas telah terlibat dalam kajian ini terdiri daripada 39.0% subjek lelaki dan 61.0% subjek perempuan. Min umur subjek ialah 68.32 ± 5.79 tahun manakala min untuk berat badan yang diukur ialah 66.46 ± 11.98 kg. Persamaan yang dibentuk untuk menganggar berat badan ialah: anggaran berat badan = 5.149 (Jantina) – 0.082 (Umur) + 0.889 (Ukurlilit pinggul) + 1.112 (Ketinggian lutut) – 72.778 (R2 = 0.848, p < 0.001). Nilai korelasi bagi 61% subjek lebih tinggi (r = 0.921) berbanding nilai korelasi untuk 39% subjek (r = 0.883). Walau bagaimanapun, perbezaan antara berat badan yang diukur dengan berat badan anggaran adalah tidak signifikan (p = 0.798). Ini menunjukkan persamaan yang dibentuk boleh menganggar berat badan dalam kalangan warga emas, kerana nilai berat badan anggaran adalah hampir sama dengan nilai berat badan yang diukur. Kesimpulannya, persamaan yang dibentuk boleh digunakan untuk menganggar berat badan dalam kalangan warga emas, kerana nilai berat badan anggaran adalah hampir dengan nilai berat badan yang diukur. Persamaan yang dibentuk boleh digunakan untuk menganggar dalam kalangan warga emas di Malaysia. Namun begitu, kajian lanjutan ke atas populasi warga emas dalam latar klinikal diperlukan untuk memastikan bahawa persamaan yang dibentuk boleh digunakan untuk latar yang berlainan seperti dalam latar klinikal

Methodology approaches and challenges in population‐based longitudinal study of a neuroprotective model for healthy longevity

Aim: The 36‐month Long‐Term Research Grant Scheme project: Towards Usual Aging – Neuroprotective Model for Healthy Longevity among Malaysian Elderly was designed to address multidimensional aspects including psychosocial, biophysical health, nutrition and dietary pattern, and auditory and visual function to highlight the magnitude of these associations in a single study. Methods: A total of 2322 respondents aged ≥60 years were recruited at baseline using the multistage sampling method, followed up at 18 months and 36 months. Results: Response rates at baseline, 18 months and 36 months were 87.8%, 77.3% and 67.1%, respectively. At baseline, the prevalence of successful aging, usual aging and mild cognitive impairment was 11%, 73% and 16%, respectively. The prevalence of single and multimorbidity at baseline were 25.9% and 50.3%, respectively. The incidence rates of mild cognitive impairment at 18 months and 36 months were 6.5 and 5.6 per 100 person‐years. The incidence rates of multimorbidity at 18 months and 36 months were 23.7 and 21.5 per 100 person‐years, respectively. Conclusions: The Long‐Term Research Grant Scheme project: Towards Usual Aging study provides an opportunity to investigate the interactions between wide ranges of aspects of the older population in a nationally representative sample of the older population

The Association of Eating Behaviour with Physical Activity and Screen Time among Adolescents in the Klang Valley, Malaysia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Over the last few decades, the time adolescents spend using electronic devices has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of screen time and physical activity on eating behaviour in adolescents. This study used the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) Malay version and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) Malay version methods with secondary students around the Klang Valley. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. With parents’ consent, an online survey was conducted among adolescent school children aged between 13 and 17 years during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. There were 372 respondents participating in this study. The results showed that 99.4% of them had more than 4 h screen time a day, and that 38.5% have more than three devices at home. Moreover, there was a significant mean difference in screen time for console games without a handheld device between male and female adolescents (p p p p p p p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that screen time was higher among female adolescents and significantly related to emotional eating behaviour. Therefore, the educational sector should emphasise the motivation of adolescents to engage in physical activity, reduce their screen time and eat healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables

Kajian perancangan gunatanah kawasan sumber makanan negara

The agriculture sector contributes to the economic growth of the nation, covering not only agriculture but also fisheries and livestock. More importantly, the agriculture sector is crucial in relation to its importance of food security. Thus, the inception report of the study will lead towards the data analysis before coming out with its conclusive proposals in the forms of guidelines, initiatives and development control. The main sector namely land use will become the catalyst of the spatial analysis that will support the others sectors, such as infrastructure, environment, governance and others

Dietary intake of 20 polyphenol subclasses in a cohort of UK women

Background: Establishing and linking the proposed health benefits of dietary polyphenols to their consumption requires measurement of polyphenol intake in appropriate samples and an understanding of factors that influence their intake in the general population. Methods: This study examined polyphenol intake estimated from 3- and 7-day food diaries in a sample of 246 UK women aged 18–50 years. Estimation of the intake of 20 polyphenol subclasses commonly present in foods consumed by the sample studied was done using Phenol-Explorer® and USDA polyphenol databases. Women were participants in the Leeds Women’s Wellbeing Study (LWW) (n = 143), a dietary intervention study aimed at overweight women (mean age 37.2 ± 9.4 years; mean BMI 30.8 ± 3.1 kg/m2), and the Diet and Health Study (DH) (n = 103) which aimed to examine the relationship between polyphenol intake and cognitive function (mean age 25.0 ± 9.0 years; mean BMI 24.5 ± 4.6 kg/m2). Results: The estimated intake of polyphenol subclasses was significantly different between the two samples (p < 0.01) with consumption of 1292 ± 844 and 808 ± 680 mg/day for the LWW and DH groups, respectively. Flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids were the most important contributors to the polyphenols consumed by both groups, owing to tea and coffee consumption. Other major polyphenol food sources included fruits, vegetables and processed foods. Conclusion: Older women consumed more polyphenol-containing foods and beverages, which was due to the higher coffee and tea consumption amongst the LWW participants