Thermodynamic Properties of Ferromagnetic Mott- Insulators GaV4S8

We present the results of the magnetic and specific heat measurements on V4 tetrahedral-cluster compound GaV4S8 between 2 to 300K. We find two transitions related to a structural change at 42K followed by ferromagnetic order at 12K on cooling. Remarkably similar properties were previously reported for the cluster compounds of Mo4. These compounds show an extremely high density of low energy excitations in their electronic properties. We explain this behavior in a cluster compound as due to the reduction of coulomb repulsion among electrons that occupy highly degenerate orbits of different clusters.Comment: To be publish in Physica

Sensitivity of plume descriptors of a Gaussian plume model to deposition and source elevation

Plume descriptors, constituting the first four moments of the concentration distribution, have been obtained for a Gaussian deposition plume model. Analytical expressions for the plume descriptors (centroid, variance, skewness and kurtosis) for point source ground-level and elevated releases are derived from a solution to the advection-diffusion equation accounting for deposition at the ground surface. A sensitivity analysis has been carried out to investigate the effect of deposition velocity and source height on the plume descriptors. For the particular case of a fully reflected Gaussian plume from a ground-level source, the centroid and the standard deviation have been found to vary as square root of downwind distance whereas skewness and kurtosis are independent of downwind distance, the approximate values being 0.995 for skewness and 3.87 for kurtosis

A Cosmological Model of Thermodynamic Open Universe

In this paper we have given a generalisation of the earlier work by Prigogine et al. who have constructed a phenomenological model of entropy production via particle creation in the very early universe generated out of the vacuum rather than from a singularity, by including radiation also as the energy source and tried to develop an alternative cosmological model in which particle creation prevents the big bang. We developed Radiation dominated model of the universe which shows a general tendency that (i) it originates from instability of vacuum rather than from a singularity. (ii) Up to a characteristic time cosmological quantities like density, pressure, Hubble constant and expansion parameter vary rapidly with time. (iii) After the characteristic time these quantities settles down and the models are turned into de-sitter type model with uniform matter, radiation, creation densities and Hubble's constant H. The de-sitter regime survives during a decay time then connects continuously to a usual adiabatic matter radiation RW universe.The interesting thing in the paper is that we have related the phenomenological radiation dominated model to macroscopic model of quantum particle creation in the early universe giving rise to the present observed value of cosmic background radiation . It is also found that the dust filled model tallies exactly with that of the Prigogine's one, which justifies that our model is generalized Prigogine's model. Although the model originates from instability of vacuum rather than from a singularity, still there is a couple of unavoidable singularities in the model.Comment: 10,Accepted for publication in International journal of theoretical physics,doi:10.1007/s10773-012-1142-

Puerperal Tetanus in Water Buffalo - A Case Report

Abstract: Reports of tetanus in buffaloes are scanty in comparison to cattle, horse, sheep and goat. A six years old Murrah buffalo, five days post-partum, was presented for treatment with a history of manual removal of retained placenta. Prolapse of third eyelid, complete locking of jaw, development of curve in spine, erection of ear and typical "pump-handle" position of tail were visible signs. Diagnosis was established on the basis of case history and clinical signs. Treatment was carried out with irrigation of genital tract with 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide and administration of hypertonic saline solution (7.5%), dextrose normal saline (5%), penicillin G procaine in high dose, ketoprofen and chlorpromazine. The animal fell like a stiff, wooden structure on day 11 of the onset of the disease and succumbed to its illness

Bactericidal Efficacy of Allium sativum (garlic) Against Multidrug Resistant Vibrio cholerae O1 Epidemic Strains

In recent years, emerging trend of antibiotic resistance in Vibrio cholerae associated with cholera epidemics is a matter of serious concern for the management of the disease. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics generally results in selection of antibiotic resistant strains. Introduction of newer antibiotics is a challenging task for the researchers as bacteria soon attain resistance. Therefore, identifying natural compounds of medicinal importance for control of cholera would be the best alternative. Garlic (Allium sativum) was recognised for many centuries in early Chinese, Egyptian and Indian civilisations as an herbal or traditional medicine. In present study, garlic was selected for screening of antimicrobial efficacy against V. cholerae. A total of 55 V. cholerae strains isolated from various outbreaks/epidemics were subjected to antimicrobial testing as per CLSI, USA 2010 guidelines. Antimicrobial screening of garlic extract was performed against all the multidrug resistant strains of V. cholerae. The garlic extracts showed antibacterial activity against all the V. cholerae strains tested, irrespective of their origin, multidrug resistance and virulence. Antibacterial efficacy of garlic on V. cholerae was also evident from in vivo study on sealed adult mice model. Thus, the Garlic extract harnesses the potential to control infection of multidrug resistant V. cholerae, especially in outbreak like situations in remote and under developed areas where drug supply itself is a challeng

Electronic transport and specific heat of 1T- VSe2

The results of low temperature thermoelectric power and the specific heat of 1T-VSe2 (Vanadium diselenide) have been reported along with the electrical resistivity, and Hall coefficient of the compound. The Charge Density Wave (CDW) transition is observed near 110K temperature in all these properties. The Thermoelectric power has been measured from 15K to 300K spanning the incommensurate and commensurate CDW regions. We observed a weak anomaly at the CDW transition for the first time in the specific heat of VSe2. The linear temperature dependence of resistivity and thermoelectric power at higher temperatures suggests a normal metallic behavior and electron-phonon scattering above the CDW transition. The positive thermoelectric power and negative Hall coefficient along with strongly temperature dependent behavior in the CDW phase suggest a mixed conduction related to the strongly hybridized s-p-d bands in this compound.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures. to appear in Solid State Communicatio

ROLE OF EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS IN VARIOUS CANCER THERAPIES

Epigenetics play a role not just in the normal functioning of the cell and its development, but also in diseases like neurological diseases and cancer. Epigenetic therapies can help to resolve non-identical problems of these pathophysiological conditions. Cancer is a complex disease with both genetic and epigenetic origins. The importance of epigenetics in cancer has been identified, and the field has emerged rapidly in recent years. Epigenetic and genetic alterations contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Epigenetic modifications introduced genetic changes, and usually occur at an early stage in development of a neoplasm, but may also be involved in its invasion and spread. Recent technological advances in genetics and epigenetics offer a better understanding of the underlying epigenetic alterations during initiation and in the progression process of the human tumors

Potency test of a rape accused in India – Rationale, problems and suggestions in light of the Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013

AbstractIndian legal system makes it mandatory to medically examine any accused of rape as well as other forms of sexual assault. Accused is brought in the police custody for conducting medical examination which includes general physical examination, potency test and evidence collection. The medical examination report of the accused is labeled as the “POTENCY TEST REPORT”. As per the changed definition of rape after Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013, potency test stands irrelevant in rape cases because the changed law does not require peno-vaginal intercourse to call it as rape. However, even after the change in definition of rape and laws related to it, potency test is still a mandatory part of medical examination of accused. Displeasure about the same has also been raised by a fast track court of Delhi. In this paper, we have discussed the rationale of potency test of sexual assault in light of Criminal Law Amendment Act (2013), court judgment and other available literature

A report on the occurrence of Bangana dero (Hamilton, 1822) from Deepor beel (Ramsar site no. 1207), Brahmaputra valley, Assam

Deepor beel (Latitude: 26°05?26??N to 26°09?26?? N; Longitude: 90°36' E to 90°41?25?? E) located in Kamrup district, Assam is a large (water spread area of 589 ha) natural wetland and a Ramsar site of international importance (Site number 1207 declared in 2002) having enormous biological and environmental importance. The wetland receives water from surface run-off as well as from two hill streams (Basistha and Kalamoni) and drains into River Brahmaputra, through a small rivulet (Khanajan). The beel supports a number of endemic endangered and threatened animals and plants that are included under IUCN red-list. Past studies indicated the occurrence of 67 fin-fish species in the beel. In a recent survey conducted by us, the beel Bangana dero (Synonyms: Cyprinus dero/ Labeo dero), a cyprinid fish, was collected for the first time from the beel. We collected as many as 28 specimens of B. dero from the beel during October 2016. The total length of the reported specimens ranged from 8.77 - 10.14 cm and weight ranged from 6.74 - 10.61 g. The length-weight relationship of the species was worked out as W = 0.074*L2.103. B. dero reportedly inhabits upland rivers, torrential hill-streams; adults migrate to warm downstream regions during the winter season (December-February). Thus, the occurrence of this species in Deepor beel indicates its possible downstream migration from one or both the feeder rivers (Basistha and Kalamoni) or migration from Brahmaputra River through its connecting channel.&nbsp

ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATION: AN INSIGHT INTO SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE AGRICULTURE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PAKISTAN

Crop diversification is an important step to deal with the challenges of present and future faced today by agriculture economies. Population explosion in agriculture economies surpassed carrying capacity of resources so endangering inclusion. Our research on economic diversification and government reform measure particularly in agriculture is to deal with sustainability of agriculture economy like Pakistan. The main objective of this paper is to analyze how economic diversification and land reform can prove to be a milestone in tackling the challenges faced by agriculture economy. In order to perform numerical and qualitative analysis of primary and secondary data, the analysis is shown through the SPSS Software. As a result, it was known that through diversification and land reforms, Pakistan's agricultural economy will be strengthened. At the end of the paper, some effective suggestion regarding inclusive agriculture model have been given, which will be important in achieving the said objectives