ANTIBIOTIC USE IN PEDIATRIC INFECTIONS; A STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objectives: Antibiotics are frequently used in tertiary care hospitals. We conducted an observational study on children admitted to a teaching hospital in south India, to make a profile of antibiotics use and suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) owing to them. Methods: Hospitalized children of either sex, aged between 1 month and 12 years, were inspected. Baseline demographic and clinical features, duration of hospital stay, antibiotics received in hospital along with dosing and indications and interest of suspected ADRs attributable to their use were recorded. Every patient was followed up till discharge, admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, or passing. Results: Over the year and a half report period 364 confirmations were screened. The prevalence of Antibiotics use was 80.22%. The majority of the 292 children who received Antibiotics were males (63.35%). Median age was 35 months, five children died. In most instances, either two (41%) or a single antibiotic (37.32%) was used. Ceftriaxone, co-amoxiclav, amikacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were predominantly used. Antimalarials, antivirals and antiprotozoals were used occasionally. Average number of Antibiotics per patient was 2.2 ± 1.1 the majority (81.15%) were by parenteral route and initial choice was usually empirical. Prescriptions were usually in generic name. The antibiotic treatment went somewhere in the range of 1 and 32 days, with a middle of 8 days. Five ADRs were noted of which half were skin rash and the rest loose stools. Conclusions: The profile of Antibiotic utilize is comprehensively like prior Indian investigations. Apparent overuse of multiple Antibiotics per prescription and the parenteral route requires exploration. Antibiotics are being used empirically in the absence of policy. ADRs to Antibiotics are occasional and usually mild. The benchmark information can serve in situation analysis for antibiotic prescribing guidelines. Keywords: Antibiotic; Pediatric infections; Adverse drug reactions; Tertiary care hospital

ANTIBIOTIC USE IN PEDIATRIC INFECTIONS; A STUDY IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objectives: Antibiotics are frequently used in tertiary care hospitals. We conducted an observational study on children admitted to a teaching hospital in south India, to make a profile of antibiotics use and suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) owing to them. Methods: Hospitalized children of either sex, aged between 1 month and 12 years, were inspected. Baseline demographic and clinical features, duration of hospital stay, antibiotics received in hospital along with dosing and indications and interest of suspected ADRs attributable to their use were recorded. Every patient was followed up till discharge, admission to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, or passing. Results: Over the year and a half report period 364 confirmations were screened. The prevalence of Antibiotics use was 80.22%. The majority of the 292 children who received Antibiotics were males (63.35%). Median age was 35 months, five children died. In most instances, either two (41%) or a single antibiotic (37.32%) was used. Ceftriaxone, co-amoxiclav, amikacin, vancomycin, and ampicillin were predominantly used. Antimalarials, antivirals and antiprotozoals were used occasionally. Average number of Antibiotics per patient was 2.2 ± 1.1 the majority (81.15%) were by parenteral route and initial choice was usually empirical. Prescriptions were usually in generic name. The antibiotic treatment went somewhere in the range of 1 and 32 days, with a middle of 8 days. Five ADRs were noted of which half were skin rash and the rest loose stools. Conclusions: The profile of Antibiotic utilize is comprehensively like prior Indian investigations. Apparent overuse of multiple Antibiotics per prescription and the parenteral route requires exploration. Antibiotics are being used empirically in the absence of policy. ADRs to Antibiotics are occasional and usually mild. The benchmark information can serve in situation analysis for antibiotic prescribing guidelines. Keywords: Antibiotic; Pediatric infections; Adverse drug reactions; Tertiary care hospital

A study on adverse drug reactions in patients on antiretroviral therapy in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Besides unparalleled advantages, exceptionally dynamic antiretroviral treatment is additionally connected with extensive variety of potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs), which prevents treatment adherence. The present study is intended to screen and monitor the event of ADRs to different antiretroviral treatment (ART) regimens in a tertiary care ART setup.Methods: A prospective, longitudinal observational study was done in the outpatient setting of nodal ART center, Osmania General Hospital. A sum of 525 patients on different ART regimens were examined for ADRs more than year and a half. Adverse event history, prescription history and other significant subtle elements were captured. Causality and seriousness of each announced ADR were surveyed.Results: 37.33% patients of aggregate members gave a sum of 330 ADRs. Patients from zidovudine-based regimens presented with majority of ADRs such as anemia, central nervous system (CNS), and gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. Tenofovir-based regimens were, be that as it may, observed to be somewhat more secure. The blend with Efavirenz was related with significant CNS reactions while that of Nevirapine was related with rash and pigmentation of nails. Atazanavir supported second-line regimens were quite connected with expanded serum lipid levels taken after by other GI and CNS unfavourable impacts. Expanded liver compounds were found in atazanavir-based second-line ART.Conclusions: The study enables to obtain in sequence on the incidence and pattern of ADRs associated with various antiretroviral regimens, thereby reducing its occurrence and protecting the patient population from avoidable harm. Need of intensive monitoring for ADRs in ARTs along these lines is by all accounts an order

On Three Dimensional Pseudosymmetric Alpha-Kenmotsu Manifolds

The main purpose of this paper is to study pseudosymmetric conditions on alpha-Kenmotsu manifolds with dimension . In particular, we obtain some results satisfying some certain curvature conditions on such manifolds depending on

Study of Sericulture & Cocoon Production in Janjgir- Champa Diistrict of Chhattisgarh (India)

Sericulture is a growing business for rural development since it integrates well with farming practices and has the ability to produce lucrative income all year round. It boasts affordable startup costs and offers jobs all year round. Sericulture, a cottage and small-scale industry, is a labor-intensive, economically appealing, and environmentally friendly form of agriculture. Per square meter of land, sericulture produces a lot of work and cash. Sericulture offers many opportunities for improving human resource employability and can successfully slow down population migration to cities. When compared to other crop operations in terms of generating money, sericulture is the most lucrative. The cultivation of mulberries, the generation of silkworm seeds, the rearing of silkworms, the reeling and weaving of silk, the collecting of byproducts, and their processing are all aspects of the sericulture industry that generate a significant amount of work and, consequently, a source of income for rural and tribal people. Sericulture is recognized as a thriving rural sector primarily because it offers families and labor year-round, remunerative employment, and also guarantees periodic income even with tiny land holdings

Planar Hall effect, Anisotropic magnetoresistance and thermal transport studies of Ag doped PdTe2_2

Observation of planar Hall effect (PHE) in topological materials has been a subject of great interest in the recent years, owing to its intriguing origin because of the observation of chiral anomaly and anisotropic orbital magnetoresistance (MR). Here, we report the planar Hall effect, magnetoresistance and thermal transport properties (Seebeck and Nernst coefficients) on the Ag intercalated PdTe$_2$. We observed positive longitudinal magnetoresistance, linear field dependence of the amplitude of PHE ($\Delta\rho$), and the absence of electric and chiral charge coupling. Our observations alongwith prolate pattern in the parametric plot ($\rho_{xy}$ vs. $\rho_{xx}$) suggest the absence of chiral anomaly. These results in congruence with the results on PdTe$_2$ and Cu$_{0.05}$PdTe$_2$ point towards the importance of Fermi surface anisotropies in understanding the origin of PHE. Further, we have shown the Seebeck ($\it{S}$) and Nernst ($\nu$) coefficients for PdTe$_2$ and Cu and Ag intercalated compounds. We observed two phonon drag peaks (at $\sim{9}$ K, and $\sim{50}$ K) for these compounds. The estimated value of Fermi energy for Ag$_{0.05}$PdTe$_2$ is $\sim$ 3 times that of PdTe$_2$.Comment: 8 pages, 12 figure

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF OLANZAPINE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS

Background: Spectrophotometric analysis fulfills requirements where the simultaneous estimation of the drugcombination can be done with similar effectiveness as that of chromatographic methods. Simultaneousestimation of drug combination is generally done by separation using chromatographic methods like HPLC, GC, and HPTLC, etc. These methods are accurate and precise with good reproducibility, but the cost of analysis isquite high owing to expensive instrumentation, reagent, and expertise. Hence it is advisable to develop a simpler and cost-effective method for the simultaneous estimation of drugs for routine analysis of formulation.Methods: A descriptive study design was used and information was obtained through various literature reviews. RP-HPLC method was used and data were analyzed.Conclusion: The developed stability-indicating HPLC method for quantitative estimation of olanzapine in bulkand pharmaceutical dosage forms is fast, simple, accurate, and more precise. Validation of this method wasaccomplished, getting results meeting all requirements. Thus, the developed HPLC method can be used forroutine quality control tests. &nbsp