Anomaly Detection Based on Multiple Streams Clustering for Train Real-Time Ethernet

With the increasing traffic of train communication network (TCN), real-time Ethernet becomes the development trend. However, Train Control and Management System (TCMS) is inevitably faced with more security threats than before because of the openness of Ethernet communication protocol. It is necessary to introduce effective security mechanism into TCN. Therefore, we propose a train real-time Ethernet anomaly detection system (TREADS). TREADS introduces a multiple streams clustering algorithm to realize anomaly detection, which considers the correlation between the data dimensions and adopts the decay window to pay more attention to the recent data. In the experiment, the reliability of TREADS is tested based on the TRDP data set collected from the real network environment, and the models of anomaly detection algorithms are established for evaluation. Experimental results show that TREADS can provide a high reliability guarantee, besides, the algorithm can detect and analyze network anomalies more efficiently and accurately

Screening for pathogenic variants in obese cohort using whole-exome sequencing

Objective·To screen mutations of key genes in the leptin-melanocyte stimulating hormone (LEP-MSH) pathway by whole-exome sequencing (WES) in the obese cohort.Methods·A total of 119 obese patients aged 17－65 years old with body mass index (BMI)≥34 kg/m2, who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy from January 2011 to July 2019 at Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were collected. The peripheral blood samples of the research subjects were collected, and whole genome DNA was extracted to perform WES. Bioinformatic methods were applied to detect the mutations in 16 genes in the LEP-MSH pathway (ADCY3, AGRP, BDNF, KSR2, LEP, LEPR, MC3R, MC4R, MCHR1, MRAP2, NTRK2, PCSK1, PHIP, POMC, SH2B1, and SIM1). Rare variants with the minor allele frequency in the total population less than 0.02 and in the East Asian population less than 0.01 in the 1000 Genome (1000G), Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) and Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) were selected for subsequent analysis. Six pieces of prediction software were used to evaluate the deleteriousness of the mutations. Finally, based on the clinical information of each patient, the pathogenicity of all variants was determined according to the guidelines of America College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), and only the "pathogenic", "likely pathogenic", and "uncertain significance" variants were retained.Results·A total of 26 variants, 22 kinds of variants were detected in 24 patients from 119 subjects, all of which were heterozygous mutations. The detected variants included 7 in SH2B1 gene (accounting for 26.92% of the total variants), 4 in MCHR1 gene (accounting for 15.38%), 3 in PHIP gene (accounting for 11.53%), 2 in ADCY3 and LEPR genes (accounting for 7.69%, respectively), and 1 in LEP, NTRK2, AGRP, KSR2, MC3R, MC4R, BDNF, and PCSK1 genes, respectively (accounting for 3.85%, respectively). There were 3 patients having the same mutation site in SH2B1 gene, and 2 patients having the same mutation sites in LEPR gene and MCHR1 gene, respectively. In addition, among these mutations, there were 12 ones not included in the East Asian population in 3 public databases, which were novel mutations in the East Asian population, located in SH2B1 (p.V209I, p.R67C, and p.L149F), KSR2 (p.P155T), LEP (p.D106N), LEPR (p.W132R), PHIP (p.K1461R), BDNF (p.N84S), PCSK1 (p.R282W), NTRK2 (p.T732M), MC3R (p.S71P), and MC4R (p.W174X).Conclusion·A total of 22 kinds of rare variations possibly associated with obesity in the LEP-MSH pathway are detected, 12 of which are novel in the East Asian population

Archaea: An under-estimated kingdom in livestock animals

Archaea are considered an essential group of gut microorganisms in both humans and animals. However, they have been neglected in previous studies, especially those involving non-ruminants. In this study, we re-analyzed published metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data sequenced from matched samples to explore the composition and the expression activity of gut archaea in ruminants (cattle and sheep) and monogastric animals (pig and chicken). Our results showed that the alpha and beta diversity of each host species, especially cattle and chickens, calculated from metagenomic and metatranscriptomic data were significantly different, suggesting that metatranscriptomic data better represent the functional status of archaea. We detected that the relative abundance of 17 (cattle), 7 (sheep), 20 (pig), and 2 (chicken) archaeal species were identified in the top 100 archaeal taxa when analyzing the metagenomic datasets, and these species were classified as the “active archaeal species” for each host species by comparison with corresponding metatranscriptomic data. For example, The expressive abundance in metatranscriptomic dataset of Methanosphaera cuniculi and Methanosphaera stadtmanae were 30- and 27-fold higher than that in metagenomic abundance, indicating their potentially important function in the pig gut. Here we aim to show the potential importance of archaea in the livestock digestive tract and encourage future research in this area, especially on the gut archaea of monogastric animals

Anti-metastatic and differential effects on protein expression of epigallocatechin-3-gallate in HCCLM6 hepatocellular carcinoma cells

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide and the third highest cause of cancer-related mortality in humans. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) has been shown to inhibit the metastatic activity of certain cancer cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effects and molecular mechanism(s) of action of EGCG in human HCC cells. A migration and invasion assay for the metastatic behavior of HCCLM6 cells was performed. The anti-metastatic effects of EGCG were investigated by RT-PCR and gelatin zymography. A total cellular protein profile was obtained using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) analyses of proteins with significant differences in expression following treatment with EGCG. The results revealed that EGCG induced apoptosis and inhibited the metastasis of HCCLM6 cells. The anti-metastatic effects of EGCG were associated with the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity. The expression levels of far upstream element (FUSE) binding protein 1 (FUBP1), heat shock protein beta 1 (HSPB1), heat shock 60 kDa protein 1 (chaperonin) (CH60) and nucleophosmin (NPM) proteins, which are associated with metastasis, were significantly altered in the EGCG-treated HCCLM6 cells. The data from the present study suggest that EGCG has potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HCC

A Role for MK2 in Enhancing Neutrophil-Derived ROS Production and Aggravating Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Increased inflammatory responses and enhanced reactive oxygen species contribute to hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, however the modulatory mechanisms haven't been completely unveiled. Here, we report that genetic deficiency of MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) protected against hepatic I/R injury and decreased hepatic neutrophil accumulation in MK2−/− mice. Depletion of neutrophil attenuated hepatic I/R injury in wide type mice. In response to C5a stimulation, MK2−/− neutrophils generated less superoxide in which both NADPH oxidase activation and p47phox phosphorylation were decreased. Furthermore, Ser329 of p47phox was identified for enhancement of superoxide production. The Ser329 phosphorylation was reduced in MK2−/− neutrophils. To determine whether MK2 modulates hepatic I/R injury via activating neutrophils, we generated myeloid-specific MK2 deletion mice (MK2Lyz2−KO) and liver I/R injury was reduced in MK2Lyz2−KO mice. Our results indicate that MK2 augments hepatic I/R injury and induces ROS production with increased p47phox phosphorylation and MK2 is a potential drug target for treating hepatic I/R injury

Experimental study on the axial tensile properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete

Abstract In order to study the axial tensile properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete, an axial tensile test device for concrete is developed in this paper. The device is composed of three parts: rigid frame, spherical hinge and puller, and specimen fabrication part. The test device can accurately measure the tensile strength and peak tensile strain of concrete, and perfectly solves the eccentricity problem of concrete specimens under tension. It can measure the post peak segment tensile strain, such that the whole process tensile stress–strain curve can be obtained. The axial tensile test of polypropylene fiber concrete was carried out using the above test device, and the results show that the tensile strength of concrete can be clearly improved by adding polypropylene fiber, which makes the tensile failure of concrete show certain plastic characteristics. The test results show that with the increase in fiber content, the tensile strength of concrete increases first and then decreases. The effects of polypropylene fiber content and curing age on the tensile properties of concrete were studied and the optimum polypropylene fiber content was determined. When the fiber content is 0.9 kg/m3, the tensile strength of concrete reaches the maximum value. The splitting tensile test of concrete under the same condition was carried out simultaneously. The damage phenomenon and test results of the axial tensile test and splitting tensile test of concrete were compared and analyzed, and the applicability of the new developed device in the concrete axial tensile test was verified

Research and application of macro-micro fracture correlation of heterogeneous granite

Granite structure has the characteristics of discrete distribution and random distribution of minerals, which is particularly critical to the stability of surrounding rock of underground caverns, and the research process is extremely complicated. In this paper, the granite of Dagangshan tunnel in rock sections of class Ⅲ was taken as the research object, and the mineral composition and proportion, the macro and micro characteristics of granite was analyzed by XRD analysis, SEM and laboratory compressive test; Dagangshan tunnel’s section model with surrounding rock of class Ⅲ was established using the particle flow program PFC and the numerical simulation was done, thus the influence of micro composition and proportion on surrounding rock masses’ stability with the tunnel excavation was analyzed. Results show that: The content of illite and albite is the most, and illite is the weak mineral of the granite. For the granite of Dagangshan tunnel with rock masses of class Ⅲ, the rock failure is mainly caused by shear force and secondary by tensile force. Fracture is mainly concentrated in the enrichment area of “weakened minerals,” where as the breakthrough point and expands to other parts, and further connects. The “enhanced minerals” are basically stable because of their high hardness and strong link between each other. After tunnel excavation, cracks of tunnel’s side walls and the arch foots are more serious, so the supporting measures of these parts should be strengthened

The Collaborative Marine Management of Jiangsu Province Government Departments from the Perspective of Collaborative Government Theory

In accordance with the requirements of the "Jiangsu Provincial Institutional Reform Plan", Jiangsu abolished the marine administrative agency in the provincial administrative reform in 2018, and the marine management function was split into other government management departments. This has optimized the marine management system, and to a certain extent, the previous shortcomings such as the division of land and the sea and the overlapping of responsibilities have been alleviated. But it also has brought some problems, such as the decentralization of marine management functions, the obvious weakening of marine administrative institutions, and the governments of the three coastal cities insufficient synergy effects, etc., have hindered the high-quality development of Jiangsu′s marine economy. Based on the actual marine management of the Jiangsu government, the theory of collaborative government endows the government with management efficiency. The paper proposed to establish an open and collaborative administrative concept, set up a task-based organization, and promote the institutionalized sharing of marine information, in order to promote the efficiency of collaborative management among various government departments and promote the construction of a powerful marine province, give play to the effective momentum of the government