Phenolic content and biological activities of Lycium barbarum L (Solanaceae) fruits (Goji berries) cultivated in Konya, Turkey

Purpose: To evaluate the phenolic content and biological activities of Lycium barbarum fruits cultivated in Turkey.Methods: Phenolic compounds in the water and methanol extracts of the fruits were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging activities and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the fruits. The  acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of the fruits was evaluated by Ellman assay.Results: LC-MS/MS results showed that all the extracts contained phenolic compounds including flavonoids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins and  polyphenols. Some anthocyanins, namely, cyanidin-3-Oglucoside, cyanidin chloride, pelargonin chloride, pelargonidin chloride, and pelargonidin-3-0-glucoside were identified in the fruits for the first time. Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were the main anthocyanins in the water extract with levels of 119.60 ± 12.04 and 1112.25 ± 125.40 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicated that the extracts possessed good radical scavenging and ferric-reducing activities.Conclusion: The results show that Lycium barbarum cultivated in Konya is a good source of the phenolic compounds, and thus may be exploited for commercial production of the antioxidants.Keywords: Lycium barbarum, Goji berries, Antioxidant activity, Acetylcholinesterase, Flavonoid

Phenolic content and biological activities of Lycium barbarum L (Solanaceae) fruits (Goji berries) cultivated in Konya, Turkey

Purpose: To evaluate the phenolic content and biological activities of Lycium barbarum fruits cultivated in Turkey

Antioxidant activity of novel imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular docking study and in silico ADME prediction

© 2020 Elsevier Inc.A series of novel oxo-hydrazone and spirocondensed-thiazolidine derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity of 18 newly synthesized compounds and 12 previously reported compounds bearing similar scaffold, were evaluated by three different methods: inhibition of FeCl3/ascorbate system-induced lipid peroxidation of lecithin liposome (anti-LPO), scavenging activity against ABTS radical and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) activity. 4h, 5h, and 6h displayed the highest anti-LPO and ABTS radical removal activity. Also, in FRAP analysis, 4i and 4a displayed the best activity. In addition to the in vitro analysis, docking studies targeting the active site of Human peroxiredoxin 5 (PDB ID: 1HD2) were employed to explore the possible interactions of these compounds with the receptor. Structure-activity relationships, as well as virtual ADME studies, were carried out and a relationship between biological, electronic, and physicochemical qualifications of the target compounds was determined

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, acetylcholinesterase and thioredoxin reductase inhibitory activities of nine selected Turkish medicinal plants

553-561Ethyl acetate, methanol, dichloromethane, petroleum ether and water extracts of nine selected plant species, which are commonly used as herbal medicines for anticancer and anti-inflammatory purposes in Turkey, were evaluated for their total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant potency with a thiobarbituric acid assay using the lipid peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes, DPPH· and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assays. Inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX) was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts. As thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) has emerged as a new target for anticancer drug development, the extracts were investigated for their inhibitory activities on TrxR. The ability of the extracts to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which is a target for cholinesterase inhibitors, used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease, was also examined. The results showed that the extracts of C. coggygria and M. officinalis subsp. officinalis are the most effective hydrogen and electron donors and contained the highest amounts of phenolic compounds; thus, they can be considered the best antioxidants among the nine plants selected for the study. All the plants showed inhibitory effects against AChE, COX-1 and COX-2, therefore may be of potential therapeutic interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative and inflammatory disorders. It was found that M. officinalis subsp. officinalis, C. coggyria, S. aucuparia and P. major subsp. major have a strong inhibitory effect on TrxR by up to 99 %, highlighting their potential as preventive therapeutics for cancer. This study confirmed the use of these plants in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents

In vitro investigation of Sorbus domestica as an enzyme inhibitor

Background and Aims: Finding new therapeutic enzyme inhibitors by investigating especially medicinal plants is an important research area. The fruits and leaves of Sorbus domestica (service tree) are used as food and folk remedies due to astringent, antidiabetic, diuretic, antiinflammatory, antiatherogenic, antidiarrhoeal, vasoprotective, and vasorelaxant activities, and also used commercially as a vitamin and antioxidant. In this study, the therapeutic effect of S. domestica against diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, aging, and hyperuricemia was investigated

In vitro inhibitory potential of Amaranthus lividus L. against therapeutic target enzymes

Background and Aims: The search for new enzyme inhibitors in plants is attractive because they can be used as drugs in the treatment of various diseases. Amaranthus spp. (Amaranthaceae) includes about 70 different species, some of which are edible and some of which are used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Amaranthus lividus L. is a vegetable whose stems and leaves are used for human consumption in Turkey

Antioxidant, Anti-acetylcholinesterase, Anti-inflammatory and DNA Protection Activities of Glaucium grandiflorum var. grandiflorum

In this study, antioxidant, antiacetylcholinesterase, anti-inflammatory, and DNA protecting activities of the aerial parts of Glaucium grandiflorum var. grandiflorum were evaluated. The lyophilized methanolic extract of the aerial parts of G. grandiflorum var. grandiflorum was investigated for potential in-vitro antioxidant properties in thiobarbituric acid test using the lipid peroxidation of liposomes, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl, 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) free-radicals and hypochlorous acid scavenging assays. The extract demonstrated antioxidant activity in all the assays. The (AChE) inhibition capacity of the lyophilized methanolic extract at 320 mu g/mL (80.75 +/- 1.59%) was found to be strong and almost equal to the inhibition capacity of the positive control, galantamine (82.23 +/- 2.21%) at 25 mu g/mL. The significant AChE inhibitory activity suggests that the extract may be beneficial in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The extract also showed inhibitory activity against plasmid DNA damage (94%), as well as COX-2 69.05%, which is a target for many anti-inflammatory and cancer-preventive drugs. These results indicate that G. grandiflorum var. grandiflorum methanolic extract is an excellent source of compounds with antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-inflammatory properties that prevent DNA damage

Ameliorative effect of vanadium on oxidative stress in stomach tissue of diabetic rats

Between their broad spectrum of action, vanadium compounds are shown to have insulin mimetic/enhancing effects. Increasing evidence in experimental and clinical studies suggests that oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and on the onset of diabetic complications. Thus, preventive therapy can alleviate the possible side effects of the disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vanadyl sulfate supplementation on the antioxidant system in the stomach tissue of diabetic rats. Male Swiss albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control; control+vanadyl sulfate; diabetic; diabetic+vanadyl sulfate. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 65 mg/kg body weight). Vanadyl sulfate (100 mg/kg body weight) was given daily by gavage for 60 days. At the last day of the experiment, stomach tissues were taken and homogenized to make a 10% (w/v) homogenate. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), myeloperoxidase (MPO), carbonic anhydrase (CA), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were determined in the stomach tissue. CAT, SOD, GR, GPx, GST, CA, G6PD and LDH activities were increased in diabetic rats when compared to normal rats. Vanadium treatment significantly reduced the elevated activities of GR, GPx, GST compared with the diabetic group whereas the decreases in CAT, SOD, CA, G6PD and LDH activities were insignificant. No significant change was seen for MPO activity between the groups. It was concluded that vanadium could be used for its ameliorative effect against oxidative stress in diabetes

Carbon tetrachloride-induced kidney damage and protective effect of Amaranthus lividus L. in rats

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of water extract of Amaranthus lividus L. (A. lividus) (Amaranthaceae) on carbon tetrachloride (CCI4)-induced toxicity in kidneys of rats. For this purpose, male albino Wistar rats were pretreated with A. lividus (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)) daily for 9 days and a single dose of CC14 was applied intraperitoneally (50% in olive oil; 1.5 mL/kg b.w.) on the I Oth day. All rats were killed 24 h after CC14 administration, and kidneys were excised and used for determination of histopathological and biochemical parameters. CC14 administration caused a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities and a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity when compared to the control group. Pretreatment with A. lividus (250 and 500 mg/kg b.w.) significantly prevented the elevation in LPO level and MPO activity as well as protected the decrease in CAT activity but did not alter other biochemical parameters. The protective effect of A. lividus was further evident through the decreased histological alterations in kidneys. In conclusion, this study has indicated that A. lividus possesses protective and antioxidant effects against CCI4-induced oxidative kidney damage