1,414 research outputs found
The Light-cone Effect on the Clustering Statistics in the Cosmological Redshift Space
We present a theoretical formalism to predict the two-point clustering
statistics (the power spectrum and the two-point correlation function),
simultaneously taking account of the linear velocity distortion, the nonlinear
velocity distortion (finger-of-god), the cosmological redshift-space distortion
and the light-cone effect. To demonstrate the importance of these effects in
exploring the clustering of objects at high redshifts, we show several model
predictions for magnitude-limited surveys of galaxies and quasars. This
methodology provides a quantitative tool to confront theoretical models against
the upcoming precision data on clustering in the universe.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ (2000
Chemical analysis of soluble fractions from normal and autolysed rabbit liver by column chromatography
Chromatography on Sephadex G-200 was performed with the soluble fraction of homogenated rabbit liver, which was extracted with 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 0.1 M NaCl. and the influences of autolysis on the soluble fraction of liver were also examined. The soluble fraction of liver was different from serum in molecular weight, in electrophoretic character and in components with sedimentation coefficients. The soluble fraction of liver was stable under the influence of Mg and K ions, and rather unstable in the presence of Na ions. Serum was fractionated in three main peaks. The soluble fraction of liver was fractionated in a similar pattern as of serum, but the first peak contained nucleic acid and lipoprotein. The second contained albumin. 32p radioactivity peaks of the stored sample appeared with change in patterns by autolysis from the original, and were observed wide based and continuous figures in retarded peaks. The correlations with the first peak and retarded peaks were represented by the analysis of phosphorus compounds and electrophoresis. In lipid analysis, both diglyceride and monoglyceride gradually decreased, and phospholipid pattern was observed to increase in retarded peaks by autolysis. Lipoprotein or lipid-albumin complex was gradually converted to smaller molecular weight compounds, and appeared in retarded peaks.</p
Deciphering cosmological information from redshift surveys of high-z objects - the cosmological light-cone effect and redshift-space distortion -
The three-dimensional distribution of astronomical objects observed in
redshift space significantly differs from the true distribution since the
distance to each object cannot be determined by its redshift only; for the peculiar velocity field contaminates the true recession velocity of
the Hubble flow, while the true distance for objects at sensitively
depends on the (unknown and thus assumed) cosmological parameters. This hampers
the effort to understand the true distribution of large-scale structure of the
universe. In addition, all cosmological observations are carried out on a
light-cone, the null hypersurface of an observer at . This implies that
their intrinsic properties and clustering statistics should change even within
the survey volume. Therefore a proper comparison taking account of the
light-cone effect is important to extract any cosmological information from
redshift catalogues, especially for . We present recent theoretical
development on the two effects -- the cosmological light-cone effect and the
cosmological redshift-space distortion -- which should play key roles in
observational cosmology in the 21st century.Comment: 28pages, 20 figures, minor revision to match the final version to
appear in Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, vol. 133 (1999
Optimizing future imaging survey of galaxies to confront dark energy and modified gravity models
We consider the extent to which future imaging surveys of galaxies can
distinguish between dark energy and modified gravity models for the origin of
the cosmic acceleration. Dynamical dark energy models may have similar
expansion rates as models of modified gravity, yet predict different growth of
structure histories. We parameterize the cosmic expansion by the two
parameters, and , and the linear growth rate of density fluctuations
by Linder's , independently. Dark energy models generically predict
, while the DGP model . To determine
if future imaging surveys can constrain within 20 percent (or
), we perform the Fisher matrix analysis for a weak lensing
survey such as the on-going Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) project. Under the
condition that the total observation time is fixed, we compute the Figure of
Merit (FoM) as a function of the exposure time \texp. We find that the
tomography technique effectively improves the FoM, which has a broad peak
around \texp\simeq {\rm several}\sim 10 minutes; a shallow and wide survey is
preferred to constrain the parameter. While
cannot be achieved by the HSC weak-lensing survey alone, one can improve the
constraints by combining with a follow-up spectroscopic survey like WFMOS
and/or future CMB observations.Comment: 18 pages, typos correcte
MECHANICAL WORK CALCULATION METHODS TO EVALUATE DISTANCE RUNNERS
The main purpose of this study was to discuss mechanical work calculation methods for evaluating the effectiveness of running at six different speed. Nineteen male middle and long distance runners were participated in the study, as subjects. Biomechanical measurements were in order to record running motion and ground reaction force. Mechanical work was calculated using two methods: the joint torque power method (WTP) and the mechanical energy method (WME). Physiological measurements were recorded using submaximal and maximal incremental exercise tests on a treadmill. These results were as follows: 1) WTP was significantly larger than WME. 2) WTP/W/TIME was stronger related to velocity and aerobic demands. These findings suggest that regression equation between WTP/W/TIME and velocity evaluate effectiveness of distance runner
- …