Residue cross sections of 50^{50}Ti-induced fusion reactions based on the two-step model

$^{50}$Ti-induced fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy elements are studied systematically with the two-step model developed recently, where fusion process is divided into approaching phase and formation phase. Furthermore, the residue cross sections for different neutron evaporation channels are evaluated with the statistical evaporation model. In general, the calculated cross sections are much smaller than that of $^{48}$Ca-induced fusion reactions, but the results are within the detection capability of experimental facilities nowadays. The maximum calculated residue cross section for producing superheavy element $Z=119$ is in the reaction $^{50}$Ti+$^{247}$Bk in $3n$ channels with $\sigma_{\rm res}(3n)=0.043$ pb at $E^{*}$ = 37.0 MeV.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Teacher-Student Collaboration on Designing Instructional Multimedia Materials

The goal of this study was to engage students as multimedia designers and technology assistants to create instructional multimedia materials at a non-technology based College of Languages in Taiwan. A case study research design was used in order to examine how a particular discipline-based faculty and its students worked together to create the co-mentoring partnerships. Through the teacher-student collaboration, the faculty’s development of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK) was also explored. The results of the study showed the teacher-student collaboration model provided this faculty with benefits including technology assistance, and the understanding of students’ creativities, interests, and varied needs for learning. The faculty’s participants also pointed out how a successful teacher-student collaboration model requires a good relationship between teacher and students, alongside students’ active participation. The students found the interdisciplinary learning experience beneficial to their learning achievements

Intelligent Proxy Server in TANet/TWAREN

This paper studies the choice of web proxy servers. Usually there are plentyof proxy servers that are available to users, so it is important for users to choose thebest proxy server. When visiting web servers in different countries, it is a commonpractice to divert the requests to different proxy servers in order to get betterperformance. However, generally the users do not exactly know which proxy serverprovides the fastest service for a specific website. Therefore, this paper proposes torun a priori speed tests in webpage retrieval, and choose the fastest proxy serveraccording to the measurement. The experimental result shows that the performance ofthis strategy is better than the naïve approach which simply makes up the decisionaccording to the nationality of websites

Urban–rural difference in the costs of disability and its effects on poverty among people with disabilities in China

The urban–rural difference in poverty is an important issue in China, particularly for people with disabilities. The extra costs of disability render this population susceptible to falling into poverty, where this can exacerbate the inequality among people with disabilities between urban and rural areas of the country. Previous studies have provided empirical evidence for the extra costs of disabilities in certain countries, but little scholarly attention has been devoted to the urban–rural gap in the costs of disability, particularly in countries like China that have a dual urban–rural system. This study explores changes in the extra costs of disability in China between urban and rural households with disabled members from 2008 to 2018 by using the standard of living approach. We apply the Foster–Greer–Thorbecke Poverty Index to measure the rates of poverty in urban and rural households with disabilities after considering the costs of disability. The results reveal that the costs of disability were not always lower for rural households than for urban households. At the same time, many rural households with disabled people were found to suffer from severe poverty owing to the high costs of their disabilities. The difference in health insurance and rehabilitation services between urban and rural China have led to an urban-rural gap in the costs of disability. This suggests that supplying more goods and services for disabled people in rural areas, especially free services, and raising the reimbursement due to them from their health insurance can help improve their standard of living

Neuro-Behavioral Status and the Hippocampal Expression of Metabolic Associated Genes in Wild-Type Rat Following a Ketogenic Diet

While a ketogenic diet (KD) is a well-established therapy for medically intractable epilepsy, clinical evidence of relevant adverse events of a KD has also been reported. We asked whether this kind of diet would have deleterious effects on wild-type brain function by evaluating KD-induced biochemical changes in the hippocampus as well as neurobehavioral changes occurring in wild-type rats. Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups on postnatal day 28 (P28): wild-type rats fed with a KD qd (daily for 4 weeks, KD) or qod (every other day for 4 weeks, KOD), and wild-type rats fed with standard normal laboratory diet (ND). Neurobehavioral changes were observed on P35, P42, and P49. The hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting, the expression levels of zinc transporters (ZnTs) and lipid metabolism related genes were detected by Timm staining, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis, respectively, on P58. The KD-treated KOD and KD groups showed a significant delay of negative geotaxis reflex on P35, but not on P42 or P49. In the open field test, daily KD treatment only led to a reduction in exploratory activity and increased grooming times but induced no significant changes in the scores of vertical activity or delay time. KD qod treated rats (KOD) displayed a slight delay in the place navigation test on P35 compared with the KD group. There were no significant differences in Timm staining among the three groups. In parallel with these changes, KD treatment (both KD and KOD) induced significantly downregulated mRNA levels of Apoa1, Pdk4, and upregulated expression of ApoE, ANXN7, and cPLA2 in the hippocampus when compared with the ND group (except in the case of ApoE in the KOD group). Notably, both the mRNA and protein levels of cPLA2 in the KOD rats were significantly downregulated compared with the KD group but still markedly higher than in the ND group. No significant difference was found in ZnTs among the three groups. Our data suggest that early-life KD can provoke minor neurobehavioral effects in particular a delay in negative geotaxis reflex and an increase in grooming activity. The hippocampal lipid metabolism signaling pathway, especially cPLA2, may be the target of the protective effect of KD on long-term brain injury after developmental seizures

126例肠道病毒71型和柯萨奇A组共感的临床特征分析*

Objective: To explore the attack, prevalence, clinical features, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of enterovirus 71 and coxsackie A16. Methods: Analyzing the general situation, main symptoms and signs, laboratory examination, virus effect analysis and the prognosis of 126 cases of hospital medical records. Results: Among the 126 cases, CA16 is in the majority, and EV71 virus is coexisting. Besides, the ordinary cases have mild symptoms without serious complications, and attention should be paid attention to the fever, blood glucose and myocardial enzyme spectrum and complications, etc. Severe cases need to be discovered early. Conclusion: Timely detection and treatment are the effective ways to reduce the deaths of seriously ill patients lie in full attention to the severe trend.目的  探讨肠道病毒71型（EV71)和柯萨奇A组16型（CoxA16)共感的发病、流行及临床特征、诊断、治疗及预后。方法  分析126例住院病历的一般情况，主要症状及体征，实验室检查，病毒分析情况及治疗预后效果。结果  126例病例中，以CA16为主，有EV71病毒同时存在，普通病例症状轻，无严重并发症，要注意发热、血糖、心肌酶谱及合并症等。尽早发现重症病例。结论  充分重视重症趋势，及时发现，及时治疗，是目前减少重症患者死亡的有效方法

The First Sinomastodon (Gomphotheriidae, Proboscidea) Skull From the Quaternary in China

The first Sinomastodon (Gomphotheriidae, Proboscidea) skull of the Early Pleistocene, collected from the Renzidong Cave deposits in Anhui Province, Eastern China, is described here as S. jiangnanensis sp. nov. As the only brevirostrine trilophodont gomphotheriid known from the Old World, Sinomastodon was mainly indigenous to China from the Early Pliocene to the Pleistocene. Compared with a few single Pleistocene teeth previously found in China, S. jiangnanensis sp. nov. is represented by a relatively complete skull, mandible and dentition, which is the first discovery of a Quaternary Sinomastodon skull from China. With a brevirostrine, elephant-like skull, no lower tusks, and simple bunodont and trilophodont intermediate molars, the new species is morphologically distinct from other gomphotheres and should belong to the genus Sinomastodon. The new species is more progressive than S. hanjiangensis and the Pliocene type species S. intermedius in its skull and mandible morphology, but is evidently more primitive than the Pleistocene S. yangziensis in its molar morphology. The faunal analysis suggests that the emergence of S. jiangnanensis sp. nov. in Jiangnan area and its southward migration may have been related to a cooling event at the beginning of the Quaternary in Eastern China