Effects of X-ray irradiation on the noise behavior of low-temperature polycrystalline silicon TFTs

X-ray active pixel sensor (APS) has attracted great attention because of higher signal to noise ratio (SNR) by amplifying the signal in pixels. Each APS circuit contains the X-ray detector and a-Si thin film transistors (TFTs). Due to the high mobility, low-temperature polycrystalline- silicon (LTPS) TFTs have been proposed as a suitable candidate to replace the a-Si TFT. Previous research revealed that the significant transfer curve change under X-ray irradiation can be observed. However, the effects and reliability of X-ray irradiation on the low frequency noise (LFN) are rarely discussed. In order to find out the noise behavior of LTPS TFTs under X-ray, we investigate the noise spectrum density of the LTPS TFTs under irradiation conditions in this paper. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

On demand-side sources of service innovation ideas

Abstract. Increasing degree of consensus has been made among academics and practitioners, that firms should pay special attention to the demand-side factors just to design and produce products/services that gain most loyalty. This article discusses further the specific demand-side sources of service innovation ideas in a multi-layer direct marketing context. Experience marketing, value perception, and re-purchasing process are proposed and articulated. Implications for research and practices are offered. Keywords. Demand-side drivers, Service innovation, Multi-layer direct marketing.JEL. M10, M11, M14

An Evaluation of Core Competence on Knowledge Management for Elementary Schools’ Teachers: A Case Study of Remote Rural Area in Taiwan

In the knowledge economy era, teachers’ core competencies for knowledge management have an important impact on the development of school education. It is an important issue to explore how to evaluate core competencies of knowledge management for elementary schools’ teachers. This requires a thorough investigation to gain core competencies. Hence, the main purpose of this paper is to present a Matrix Analysis (MA) approach for evaluating core competencies of knowledge management and to describe the applications of the MA approach for elementary schools’ teachers. An empirical analysis is performed to demonstrate the computational process of the MA approach adopted by this paper. Study results show that eleven core competencies are identified. They are ‘finding problems,’ ‘flexibility,’ ‘interpersonal communication,’ ‘oral communication skills,’ ‘knowledge selection,’ ‘activities recording,’ ‘knowledge application on work planning,’ ‘research data application,’ ‘transforming knowledge into concrete actions,’ ‘interpreting results,’ and ‘judging knowledge value,’ respectively. It is suggested that more attentions should be paid to exploit these core competencies effectively and then develop the solutions, which should continuously strengthen the perspective of teachers in order to obtain the competitive advantages in the future

XRCC1, but not APE1 and hOGG1 gene polymorphisms is a risk factor for pterygium.

PurposeEpidemiological evidence suggests that UV irradiation plays an important role in pterygium pathogenesis. UV irradiation can produce a wide range of DNA damage. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is considered the most important pathway involved in the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. Based on previous studies, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8-oxoguanine glycosylase-1 (OGG1), X-ray repair cross-complementing-1 (XRCC1), and AP-endonuclease-1 (APE1) genes in the BER pathway have been found to affect the individual sensitivity to radiation exposure and induction of DNA damage. Therefore, we hypothesize that the genetic polymorphisms of these repair genes increase the risk of pterygium.MethodsXRCC1, APE1, and hOGG1 polymorphisms were studied using fluorescence-labeled Taq Man probes on 83 pterygial specimens and 206 normal controls.ResultsThere was a significant difference between the case and control groups in the XRCC1 genotype (p=0.038) but not in hOGG1 (p=0.383) and APE1 (p=0.898). The odds ratio of the XRCC1 A/G polymorphism was 2.592 (95% CI=1.225-5.484, p=0.013) and the G/G polymorphism was 1.212 (95% CI=0.914-1.607), compared to the A/A wild-type genotype. Moreover, individuals who carried at least one C-allele (A/G and G/G) had a 1.710 fold increased risk of developing pterygium compared to those who carried the A/A wild type genotype (OR=1.710; 95% CI: 1.015-2.882, p=0.044). The hOGG1 and APE1 polymorphisms did not have an increased odds ratio compared with the wild type.ConclusionsXRCC1 (Arg399 Glu) is correlated with pterygium and might become a potential marker for the prediction of pterygium susceptibility

Study on Local Scour around Bridge Pier Due to the Dam Removal

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive

Lung: Pleuropulmonary blastoma

Review on Lung: Pleuropulmonary blastoma, with data on clinics, and the genes involved

Riboflavin status of Orientals in a U.S. town

Riboflavin status was determined in 16 Oriental males and females who were residing off the Oregon State University campus. Before and after these subjects had received 10 mg of riboflavin daily for 7 days, we measured erythrocyte glutathione reductase (EGR) activity with and without FAD added in vitro and erythrocyte total riboflavin levels (RBC B-2). Riboflavin status was assessed by the EGR activity coefficient (EGRAC) (EGR activity with FAD added in vitro / EGR activity without FAD added in vitro). The subjects' dietary intake of riboflavin, protein and calories was estimated from their self chosen diets which were recorded for 3 days before the riboflavin supplementation. Both sex groups had adequate mean levels of riboflavin, protein and calories in their diets. Further, none of the subjects had an intake less than two-thirds of the recommended dietary allowances (FNB, 1980) for riboflavin. Before riboflavin supplementation 5 of the 9 males and 2 of the 7 females had EGRAC greater than or equal to 1.2, suggesting that they were at high risk of marginal riboflavin deficiency, and to have a normal EGRAC they may need an intake of riboflavin greater than the present recommended allowance. In all of the subjects, EGRAC decreased in response to the riboflavin supplements. Additionally, the subjects' RBC B-2, EGR basal activity (without FAD added in vitro) and FAD stimulated EGR activity increased significantly (P < 0.01) after 7 days of riboflavin supplementation. Although the RBC B-2 concentrations were lower than those reported by Bessey, Horwitt and Love (1956) and Bamji (1969), this measurement correlated significantly with EGRAC (r = -0.64, P < 0.01), EGR basal activity (r = 0.74, P < 0.01) and FAD stimulated EGR activity (r = 0.57, P < 0.01). Dietary riboflavin intake whether expressed as total riboflavin intake per day or riboflavin intake per 1000 Kcal was not correlated to any of these biochemical tests made before riboflavin supplementation. RBC B-2 values obtained from these 16 Orientals were similar to those obtained in 5 Caucasian subjects, indicating that these low values were not due to genetic differences