Detection of hydrolases of different subclasses in cell-free fractions of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups using radial enzymatic diffusion in agarose gel

Cholera remains an actual infection worldwide, which dictates the need for a comprehensive study of its pathogens and, in particular, their hydrolytic enzymes that interact with the cells of the macroorganism. We determined the presence of hydrolases from different subclasses in preparations of cell-free fractions obtained from 58 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups of different epidemic significance and origins using radial enzyme diffusion in agarose gels with various substrates. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in enzyme activity depending on the origin and epidemiological significance of the original strain. We found that preparations obtained from non-toxigenic strains had increased activity of proteases and chitinolytic enzymes, while those from toxigenic strains showed high activity of mucinases, lipolytic enzymes, and nucleases. These data can be applied in the microbiological diagnosis of cholera as an additional biochemical characterization of Vibrio cholerae strains, as well as contribute to the understanding of the role of enzymes in the pathogenesis and adaptation of cholera pathogens

Основные направления повышения ресурса быстроизнашиваемых рабочих органов сельскохозяйственных машин

The efficiency of agricultural machine and tool operation is noted to significantly depend on the characteristics of the working bodies. The paper emphasizes the importance of working bodies’ reliability and operating lifetime which largely depend on wear resistance, strength, as well as design features. (Research purpose) To substantiate the choice of effective modern directions to increase the operating lifetime of wearable agricultural machine working bodies, the choice of types and characteristics of the materials used and technological methods for their hardening. (Materials and methods) The many years’ experience of the FNAC VIM in this area has been studied. A concept analysis of the relevant technical information has been conducted. (Results and discussion) The basics and conditions of abrasive wear of agricultural machinery parts are presented. The concept of "structural wear resistance" is clarified. The paper analyzes the materials (steels, hard alloys) of the working bodies of the agricultural machines used in Russia and abroad. Their main comparative physical and mechanical characteristics are pointed out. A method is proposed for selecting basic design parameters based on the strength characteristics of the materials used. Surfacing technologies for hardening the agricultural machine working bodies are compared. The paper substantiates the most effective technological options, individual technical and economic parameters, recommendations for the use of materials. (Conclusions) It is proved that the use of surfacing technologies leads to a 1.5-4.5-times increase in the operating lifetime of working bodies and significant economic efficiency.Отметили, что от характеристик рабочих органов существенно зависит эффективность эксплуатации сельскохозяйственных машин или орудий. Подчеркнули важность таких параметров, как надежность и ресурс, которые в значительной степени зависят от износостойкости, прочности, а также от конструктивных особенностей. (Цель исследования) Обосновать выбор современных эффективных направлений для повышения ресурса быстроизнашиваемых рабочих органов сельхозмашин, а также видов и характеристик применяемых материалов и технологических способов их упрочнения. (Материалами и методы) Изучили многолетний опыт работы ФНАЦ ВИМ по данному направлению. Провели предметный анализ соответствующей технической информации. (Результаты и обсуждение) Представили основы и условия абразивного изнашивания деталей сельхозмашин. Раскрыли понятие «конструкционной износостойкости». Проанализировали материалы (стали, твердые сплавы) рабочих органов сельхозмашин, используемых в России и за рубежом. Привели их основные сравнительные физико-механические характеристики. Предложили методику выбора базовых конструктивных параметров исходя из прочностных характеристик применяемых материалов. Сравнили наплавочные технологии упрочнения рабочих органов сельхозмашин. Обосновали наиболее эффективные технологические варианты, отдельные технико-экономические параметры, рекомендации по применению материалов. (Выводы) Доказали, что применение наплавочных технологий повышает ресурс рабочих органов в 1,5-4,5 раза при значительной экономической эффективности

Correlation of the severity of type 1 diabetes with the severity of affective disorders in children and adolescents

То determine the severity of affective disorders in children and adolescents with diabetes type 1 diabetes and their relationship with the severity of diabetes 48 DM patients aged 10-15 years were examined. Children and adolescents were divided in two groups depending on carbohydrate metabolism target values individualized by age. Verification of the affective disorders was performed using Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale to evaluate depression: Zung, Hamilton, Spielberger scales to evaluate anxiety. The incidence and severity of affective disorders in children and adolescents with diabetes depends on the duration and degree of compensation of diabetes. Related Depression and anxiety disorders interfere with achieving and maintaining long-term compensation of diabetes and worsen its prognosis.Цель работы: определить связь степени компенсации сахарного диабета с частотой и выраженностью депрессивных и тревожных расстройств у детей и подростков Основные процедуры: обследовано 48 пациентов с сахарным диабетом в возрасте 10-15 лет, разделенных на 2 группы в зависимости от целевых возрастных показателей углеводного обмена. Верификация аффективных расстройств проводилась с использованием адаптированной для детского возраста шкалы Монтгомери-Асберга для оценки депрессии, личностного опросника Спилбергера, шкал Цунга, Гамильтона для оценки тревоги. Результаты: отчётливые симптомы депрессии выявлены у 33,3% пациентов с сахарным диабетом и у 12% детей контрольной группы (р<0,05). Тревожные расстройства диагностированы у 64% пациентов с сахарным диабетом и 28% пациентов группы контроля. Выявлена разница в частоте аффективных расстройств у детей в зависимости от состояния углеводного обмена: в 1-й группе (компенсированный, субкомпенсированный сахарным диабетом) частота депрессий составила 26,6%, тревожных расстройств 40,3%, в группе пациентов с декомпенсацией сахарным диабетом депрессии выявлены в 45% случаев, тревожные расстройства в 48,8% (р<0,01). Выводы: аффективные нарушения достоверно чаще диагностируются в группе пациентов с сахарным диабетом, в сравнении с детьми без эндокринной патологии. Частота и выраженность аффективных расстройств зависит от длительности и степени компенсации диабета. В свою очередь, депрессии и тревожные расстройства сопутствующие сахарному диабету препятствуют достижению и поддержанию длительной компенсации и ухудшают его прогноз

Анализ влияния сейсмических воздействий на состояние сооружений и горных пород. Обзор нормативной базы

The relevance of the article is due to the low awareness of the population about the possible consequences of an earthquake, as well as ways to prevent and prevent it already at the stage of designing a construction site. The article provides a comparative analysis of Russian and European design standards, which made it possible to identify their advantages and disadvantages. In addition, as a result of a review of Russian and foreign literature, an analysis was made of the development of scientific ideas about the stress-strain state of the geological environment as a result of seismic impacts. Based on the prerequisites set out in the text of the article, options for adjusting the maps of seismic activity of the territories are proposed. As a result of the analysis of the scientific literature, it was concluded that the behavior of soils and structures of buildings and structures during strong earthquakes remains poorly understood and is not always well described by existing mathematical models.Актуальность статьи обусловлена низкой осведомленностью населения о возможных последствиях землетрясения, а также способах его предупреждения и предотвращения уже на стадии проектирования строительного объекта. В статье проведен сравнительный анализ российских и европейских норм проектирования, который позволил выявить их достоинства и недостатки. Кроме этого, в результате обзора российской и зарубежной литературы проведен анализ развития научных представлений о напряженно-деформированном состоянии геологической среды в результате сейсмических воздействий. Исходя из предпосылок, изложенных в тексте статьи, предложены варианты корректировок карт сейсмической активности территорий. В результате проведенного анализа научной литературы сделан вывод о том, что поведение грунтов и конструкций зданий и сооружений при сильных землетрясениях остается малоизученным и не всегда хорошо описывается существующими математическими моделями

ДВЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ХИМИОТЕРАПИИ В КОМБИНАЦИИ С БЕВАЦИЗУМАБОМ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ДИССЕМИНИРОВАННОГО КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОГО РАКА

The efficiency of 2 programs of chemotherapy in the treatment of 46 patients with disseminated colorectal cancer. The program of chemo-therapy of oxaliplatin + capecitabine (ОХА/САР), established authors, with bevacizumab (BEV) showed the best results compared with oxaliplatin + 5-fluorouracyl + leukovorin (ОХА/5-FU/LV) with bevacizumab. The overall efficiency OXA/5-FU/LV/BEV amounted to 40.91 ± 8.6 %, 4.54 ± 5.1 % of total regressions. The overall effect of therapy in the OXA/CAP/BEV amounted to 45.83 ± 8.6 %, full regression was achieved in 4 patients, which amounted to 16.66 ± 5.6 %. The median time to progression in the first group of patients was 8.3 months, in the second – 9.8 months. Clinical application of involving bevacizumab in combination with different modes of chemotherapy in patients with disseminated colorectal cancer is acceptable and manageable toxicity that doesn't require reduction of doses.Изучена эффективность 2 программ химиотерапии (ХТ) в лечении 46 больных диссеминированным колоректальным раком. Показано, что программа ХТ оксалиплатин + капецитабин (ОХА/САР), созданная авторами, в комбинации с бевацизумабом (BEV) позволила добиться лучших непосредственных результатов по сравнению с программами оксалиплатин + 5-фторурацил + лейковорин (ОХА/5-FU/LV) в комбинации с бевацизумабом. Общая эффективность программы ОХА/5-FU/LV/BEV составила 40,91 ± 8,6 %, из них 4,54 ± 5,1 % полных регрессий. Общий эффект терапии в группе ОХА/САР/BEV составил 45,83 ± 8,6 %, из них полной регрессии удалось добиться у 4 пациентов, что составило 16,66 ± 5,6 %. Медиана времени до прогрессирования в 1-й группе больных составила 8,3 мес, во 2-й – 9,8 мес. Амбулаторное применение бевацизумаба в комбинации с различными режимами ХТ у больных диссеминированным раком ободочной кишки сопровождается приемлемой и управляемой токсичностью, что не требует редукции доз

Measurements of Higgs bosons decaying to bottom quarks from vector boson fusion production with the ATLAS experiment at √=13TeV

The paper presents a measurement of the Standard Model Higgs Boson decaying to b-quark pairs in the vector boson fusion (VBF) production mode. A sample corresponding to 126 fb−1 of s√=13TeV proton–proton collision data, collected with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, is analyzed utilizing an adversarial neural network for event classification. The signal strength, defined as the ratio of the measured signal yield to that predicted by the Standard Model for VBF Higgs production, is measured to be 0.95+0.38−0.36 , corresponding to an observed (expected) significance of 2.6 (2.8) standard deviations from the background only hypothesis. The results are additionally combined with an analysis of Higgs bosons decaying to b-quarks, produced via VBF in association with a photon

Muon reconstruction and identification efficiency in ATLAS using the full Run 2 pp collision data set at \sqrt{s}=13 TeV

This article documents the muon reconstruction and identification efficiency obtained by the ATLAS experiment for 139 \hbox {fb}^{-1} of pp collision data at \sqrt{s}=13 TeV collected between 2015 and 2018 during Run 2 of the LHC. The increased instantaneous luminosity delivered by the LHC over this period required a reoptimisation of the criteria for the identification of prompt muons. Improved and newly developed algorithms were deployed to preserve high muon identification efficiency with a low misidentification rate and good momentum resolution. The availability of large samples of Z\rightarrow \mu \mu and J/\psi \rightarrow \mu \mu decays, and the minimisation of systematic uncertainties, allows the efficiencies of criteria for muon identification, primary vertex association, and isolation to be measured with an accuracy at the per-mille level in the bulk of the phase space, and up to the percent level in complex kinematic configurations. Excellent performance is achieved over a range of transverse momenta from 3 GeV to several hundred GeV, and across the full muon detector acceptance of |\eta |<2.7

Measurement of the tt¯tt¯ production cross section in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of four-top-quark production using proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 is presented. Events are selected if they contain a single lepton (electron or muon) or an opposite-sign lepton pair, in association with multiple jets. The events are categorised according to the number of jets and how likely these are to contain b-hadrons. A multivariate technique is then used to discriminate between signal and background events. The measured four-top-quark production cross section is found to be 26+17−15 fb, with a corresponding observed (expected) significance of 1.9 (1.0) standard deviations over the background-only hypothesis. The result is combined with the previous measurement performed by the ATLAS Collaboration in the multilepton final state. The combined four-top-quark production cross section is measured to be 24+7−6 fb, with a corresponding observed (expected) signal significance of 4.7 (2.6) standard deviations over the background-only predictions. It is consistent within 2.0 standard deviations with the Standard Model expectation of 12.0 ± 2.4 fb

Search for bottom-squark pair production in pp collision events at √s=13 TeV with hadronically decaying τ-leptons, b-jets, and missing transverse momentum using the ATLAS detector

A search for pair production of bottom squarks in events with hadronically decaying τ -leptons, b -tagged jets, and large missing transverse momentum is presented. The analyzed dataset is based on proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13     TeV delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139     fb − 1 . The observed data are compatible with the expected Standard Model background. Results are interpreted in a simplified model where each bottom squark is assumed to decay into the second-lightest neutralino ˜ χ 0 2 and a bottom quark, with ˜ χ 0 2 decaying into a Higgs boson and the lightest neutralino ˜ χ 0 1 . The search focuses on final states where at least one Higgs boson decays into a pair of hadronically decaying τ -leptons. This allows the acceptance and thus the sensitivity to be significantly improved relative to the previous results at low masses of the ˜ χ 0 2 , where bottom-squark masses up to 850 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level, assuming a mass difference of 130 GeV between ˜ χ 0 2 and ˜ χ 0 1 . Model-independent upper limits are also set on the cross section of processes beyond the Standard Model

Measurements of differential cross-sections in top-quark pair events with a high transverse momentum top quark and limits on beyond the Standard Model contributions to top-quark pair production with the ATLAS detector at √s = 13 TeV

Cross-section measurements of top-quark pair production where the hadronically decaying top quark has transverse momentum greater than 355 GeV and the other top quark decays into ℓνb are presented using 139 fb−1 of data collected by the ATLAS experiment during proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The fiducial cross-section at s = 13 TeV is measured to be σ = 1.267 ± 0.005 ± 0.053 pb, where the uncertainties reflect the limited number of data events and the systematic uncertainties, giving a total uncertainty of 4.2%. The cross-section is measured differentially as a function of variables characterising the tt¯ system and additional radiation in the events. The results are compared with various Monte Carlo generators, including comparisons where the generators are reweighted to match a parton-level calculation at next-to-next-to-leading order. The reweighting improves the agreement between data and theory. The measured distribution of the top-quark transverse momentum is used to search for new physics in the context of the effective field theory framework. No significant deviation from the Standard Model is observed and limits are set on the Wilson coefficients of the dimension-six operators OtG and Otq(8), where the limits on the latter are the most stringent to date. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]