181 research outputs found
Photoplethysmography-Based Machine Learning Approaches for Atrial Fibrillation Prediction:A Report From the Huawei Heart Study
BACKGROUND: Current wearable devices enable the detection of atrial fibrillation (AF), but a machine learning (ML)âbased approach may facilitate accurate prediction of AF onset. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to develop, optimize, and validate an ML-based model for real-time prediction of AF onset in a population at high risk of incident AF. METHODS: A primary ML-based prediction model of AF onset (M1) was developed on the basis of the Huawei Heart Study, a general-population AF screening study using photoplethysmography (PPG)âbased smart devices. After optimization in 554 individuals with 469,267 PPG data sets, the optimized ML-based model (M2) was further prospectively validated in 50 individuals with paroxysmal AF at high risk of AF onset, and compared with 72-hour Holter electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring, a criterion standard, from September 1, 2019, to November 5, 2019. RESULTS: Among 50 patients with paroxysmal AF (mean age 67 ± 12 years, 40% women), there were 2,808 AF events from a total of 14,847,356 ECGs over 72 hours and 6,860 PPGs (45.83 ± 13.9 per subject per day). The best performance of M1 for AF onset prediction was achieved 4 hours before AF onset (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve: 0.94; 95% confidence interval: 0.93-0.94). M2 sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy (at 0 to 4 hours before AF onset) were 81.9%, 96.6%, 96.4%, 83.1%, and 88.9%, respectively, compared with 72-hour Holter ECG. CONCLUSIONS: The PPG- based ML model demonstrated good ability for AF prediction in advance. (Mobile Health [mHealth] technology for improved screening, patient involvement and optimizing integrated care in atrial fibrillation; ChiCTR-OOC-17014138
The Exact MSSM Spectrum from String Theory
We show the existence of realistic vacua in string theory whose observable
sector has exactly the matter content of the MSSM. This is achieved by
compactifying the E_8 x E_8 heterotic superstring on a smooth Calabi-Yau
threefold with an SU(4) gauge instanton and a Z_3 x Z_3 Wilson line.
Specifically, the observable sector is N=1 supersymmetric with gauge group
SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y x U(1)_{B-L}, three families of quarks and leptons,
each family with a right-handed neutrino, and one Higgs-Higgs conjugate pair.
Importantly, there are no extra vector-like pairs and no exotic matter in the
zero mode spectrum. There are, in addition, 6 geometric moduli and 13 gauge
instanton moduli in the observable sector. The holomorphic SU(4) vector bundle
of the observable sector is slope-stable.Comment: 15 pages, LaTeX; v2: Hidden sector is unstable, symbol typesetting
error corrected, clarifications and references added; v3: New discussion of
hidden secto
The Spectra of Heterotic Standard Model Vacua
A formalism for determining the massless spectrum of a class of realistic
heterotic string vacua is presented. These vacua, which consist of SU(5)
holomorphic bundles on torus-fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds with fundamental
group Z_2, lead to low energy theories with standard model gauge group (SU(3)_C
x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y)/Z_6 and three families of quarks and leptons. A methodology
for determining the sheaf cohomology of these bundles and the representation of
Z_2 on each cohomology group is given. Combining these results with the action
of a Z_2 Wilson line, we compute, tabulate and discuss the massless spectrum.Comment: 41+1pp, 2 fig
Meat Science and Applications (pp. 222-248)
The chapter discusses the following topics: Continuous Measurement and Monitoring, Meat Quality Correlations, How Stressful is Slaughter?, Causes of Poor Welfare Audit Scores, Animal Vision, Hearing and Smell, Basic Handling Principles, Handler Movement Patterns, Design of Handling Facilities, Design and Operation of Restraint Devices, Stunning, Stunning Method and Blood-Splash, Bruising and Meat Quality
Patterns in Calabi-Yau Distributions
We explore the distribution of topological numbers in CalabiâYau manifolds, using the KreuzerâSkarke dataset of hypersurfaces in toric varieties as a testing ground. While the Hodge numbers are well-known to exhibit mirror symmetry, patterns in frequencies of combination thereof exhibit striking new patterns. We find pseudo-Voigt and Planckian distributions with high confidence and exact fit for many substructures. The patterns indicate typicality within the landscape of CalabiâYau manifolds of various dimension
Uptake of evidence-based statin therapy among atrial fibrillation patients in China:a report from the CAFR (Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry) Study
Background:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, and hence, statin therapy is indicated in majority of AF patients.Methods and results:We analyzed data from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry (CAFR) involving 11,496 AF patients from 2011 to 2014. Practice patterns of statin therapy and factors associated with statin underuse were analyzed.Based on the 2013 ACC/AHA cholesterol management guidelines, statins should be recommended for 67.4% (7720/11,461) of AF participants in CAFR, but only 43.4% (3352/7720) with appropriate indications were taking statins. Statin underuse in AF patients was independently associated with male sex, tertiary hospital treatment, outpatient attendance, and absence of âhigh riskâ cardiovascular risk factors (overweight, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke/transient ischemic attack/peripheral embolism and hypertension).Conclusions:A high proportion of Chinese AF patients had indications for statin therapy. Evidence-based statin prescribing was suboptimal in this population. Greater efforts should be made to improve a holistic approach to cardiovascular risk management in the Chinese AF population
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