Analisis Performa Bluetooth pada Sistem Alarm Pengingat Barang yang Tertinggal dengan Smartphone Android

Someone sometimes forgets to put their belongings so that they leave them somewhere, it will pose a risk of losing their belongings. To solve this problem, a reminder is needed so that it is expected to minimize the risk of loss. This device implements point-to-point communication from the Bluetooth Low Energy AT-09 transmitter module with Arduino Nano and the receiver module with an Android smartphone. This reminder device will activate an alarm on the Android smartphone application when the two modules are more than 5 meters away. The measured distance is converted from the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) value received by the smartphone which is affected by obstructions, packet loss, and delay. Based on the test results, at a distance of 5 meters, the system can be connected and work properly, in unobstructed conditions (Line of Sight) or obstructed conditions (Non-Line of Sight). In the blocked condition, it has a packet loss of 1.1% to 4.4%, the received signal strength (RSSI) has decreased the value to a difference of -8 dBm, and the delay time is 2 seconds.Seseorang terkadang lupa meletakkan barang bawaannya sehingga tertinggal suatu tempat, hal itu akan menimbulkan resiko kehilangan barang. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka dibutuhkan sebuah perangkat reminder (pengingat) sehingga diharapkan dapat meminimalisir resiko kehilangan. Perangkat ini menerapkan komunikasi point to point dari modul pemancar Bluetooth Low Energy AT-09 dengan arduino nano dan modul penerima dengan smartphone Android. Perangkat reminder ini akan mengaktifkan alarm pada aplikasi smartphone Android saat kedua modul berjarak lebih dari 5 meter. Jarak yang terukur dikonversi dari nilai Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) yang diterima oleh smartphone yang dipengaruhi oleh penghalang, packet loss, dan delay. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, pada jarak 5 meter sistem dapat terhubung dan bekerja dengan baik, dalam kondisi tidak terhalang (Line of Sight) maupun kondisi terhalang ( Non Line ofSight). Pada kondisi terhalang memiliki packet loss sebesar 1,1% sampai dengan 4,4%, kuat sinyal yang diterima (RSSI) mengalami penurunan nilai mencapai selisih -8, dan waktu delay 2 detik

Burden of visceral leishmaniasis in villages of eastern gedaref state, Sudan: an exhaustive cross-sectional survey.

Since December 2009, Médecins Sans Frontières has diagnosed and treated patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Tabarak Allah Hospital, eastern Gedaref State, one of the main endemic foci of VL in Sudan. A survey was conducted to estimate the VL incidence in villages around Tabarak Allah

Estimation of key potentially toxic elements in arid agricultural soils using Vis-NIR spectroscopy with variable selection and PLSR algorithms

Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pose a significant threat to soil and the environment. Therefore, the fast quantification of PTEs is crucial for better management of contaminated sites. Versatile technique such as Visible near-infrared spectroscopy (Vis–NIRS) (350–2,500 nm) has attracted tremendous attention for assessing PTEs and has achieved promising results combined with successful multivariate analysis. This research investigated the potential of Vis–NIRS combined with partial least squares regression (PLSR) and variable selection methods to assess key PTEs (Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Zn) in agricultural soils under arid conditions. The soil samples (80) were collected from a polluted area around Al-Moheet drainage, Minya Governorate–upper Egypt. The samples were scanned using an ASD FieldSpec-4 spectroradiometer. Simulated annealing (SA) and uninformative variable elimination (UVE) were used to select the effective wavelengths in predicting PTEs. PLSR was used to develop the spectral models using the full range (FR-PLS) and feature-selected spectra techniques SA (SA-PLS) and UVE (UVE-PLS). The results indicated that UVE-PLS models performed better than FR-PLS and SA-PLS models in predicting the key PTEs. The obtained coefficient of determination (R2) and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were 0.74 and 2.48 (Cr), 0.72 and 2.03 (Pb), 0.62 and 1.86 (Cd), 0.59 and 1.78 (Cu), 0.52 and 1.68 (Co), and 0.46 and 1.41 (Zn), respectively. The results suggested that the UVE-PLS spectral model is promising for predicting Cr, Pb, and Cd, and can be improved for predicting Cu, Co, and Zn elements in agricultural soils

Association between age at disease onset of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis and clinical presentation and short-term outcomes

Objectives: ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) can affect all age groups. We aimed to show that differences in disease presentation and 6 month outcome between younger- A nd older-onset patients are still incompletely understood. Methods: We included patients enrolled in the Diagnostic and Classification Criteria for Primary Systemic Vasculitis (DCVAS) study between October 2010 and January 2017 with a diagnosis of AAV. We divided the population according to age at diagnosis: <65 years or ≥65 years. We adjusted associations for the type of AAV and the type of ANCA (anti-MPO, anti-PR3 or negative). Results: A total of 1338 patients with AAV were included: 66% had disease onset at <65 years of age [female 50%; mean age 48.4 years (s.d. 12.6)] and 34% had disease onset at ≥65 years [female 54%; mean age 73.6 years (s.d. 6)]. ANCA (MPO) positivity was more frequent in the older group (48% vs 27%; P = 0.001). Younger patients had higher rates of musculoskeletal, cutaneous and ENT manifestations compared with older patients. Systemic, neurologic,cardiovascular involvement and worsening renal function were more frequent in the older-onset group. Damage accrual, measured with the Vasculitis Damage Index (VDI), was significantly higher in older patients, 12% of whom had a 6 month VDI ≥5, compared with 7% of younger patients (P = 0.01). Older age was an independent risk factor for early death within 6 months from diagnosis [hazard ratio 2.06 (95% CI 1.07, 3.97); P = 0.03]. Conclusion: Within 6 months of diagnosis of AAV, patients >65 years of age display a different pattern of organ involvement and an increased risk of significant damage and mortality compared with younger patients

Effect of Ag-content on structure, corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties of Sn-9Zn lead-free solder alloy

The effect of (0.5–3.5) wt.% Ag additions on microstructure, melting, corrosion and mechanical properties of Sn-9Zn eutectic lead-free solder alloy has been studied and analyzed. The study included X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to identify the microstructure of these alloys. The results showed that, continuous additions of Ag caused formation of Ag-Zn and Ag-Sn compounds which led to decrease the precipitations of Zn in Sn-matrix. These compounds led to increase the melting point of the alloys, which confirmed by the formation of small endothermic peaks in the higher temperature range followed the main peak of the DTA curves. Also, the DTA measurements confirmed that the alloy of composition Sn-9Zn-3.5Ag is the ternary eutectic alloy. Vicker's micro-hardness number of Sn-9Zn alloy increases with small additions of 0.5 and 1 wt.% Ag. Furthermore, it decreases to lower values with further increase of Ag content. Also, micro-creep behaviour, creep rate and corrosion behaviour of the Sn-9Zn-Ag alloys have been measured at room temperature