308,783 research outputs found
Orthogonal learning particle swarm optimization
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) relies on its
learning strategy to guide its search direction. Traditionally,
each particle utilizes its historical best experience and its neighborhood’s
best experience through linear summation. Such a
learning strategy is easy to use, but is inefficient when searching
in complex problem spaces. Hence, designing learning strategies
that can utilize previous search information (experience) more
efficiently has become one of the most salient and active PSO
research topics. In this paper, we proposes an orthogonal learning
(OL) strategy for PSO to discover more useful information that
lies in the above two experiences via orthogonal experimental
design. We name this PSO as orthogonal learning particle swarm
optimization (OLPSO). The OL strategy can guide particles to
fly in better directions by constructing a much promising and
efficient exemplar. The OL strategy can be applied to PSO with
any topological structure. In this paper, it is applied to both global
and local versions of PSO, yielding the OLPSO-G and OLPSOL
algorithms, respectively. This new learning strategy and the
new algorithms are tested on a set of 16 benchmark functions, and
are compared with other PSO algorithms and some state of the
art evolutionary algorithms. The experimental results illustrate
the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed learning strategy
and algorithms. The comparisons show that OLPSO significantly
improves the performance of PSO, offering faster global convergence,
higher solution quality, and stronger robustness
The B\to D_s^{(*)}\eta^{(\prime)} decays in the perturbative QCD
In this paper, we calculate the branching ratios for , and decays by employing the perturbative QCD (pQCD)
factorization approach. Under the two kinds of mixing
schemes, the quark-flavor mixing scheme and the singlet-octet mixing scheme, we
find that the calculated branching ratios are consistent with the currently
available experimental upper limits. We also considered the so called
" puzzle", by using two groups of parameters about the
meson decay constants, that is MeV, MeV and
MeV, MeV, to calculate the branching ratios for
the considered decays. We find that the results change by using these
two different groups of paramters.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure. Typos removed, minor correction
An ant colony optimization approach for maximizing the lifetime of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks
Maximizing the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a challenging problem. Although some methods exist to address the problem in homogeneous WSNs, research on this problem in heterogeneous WSNs have progressed at a slow pace. Inspired by the promising performance of ant colony optimization (ACO) to solve combinatorial problems, this paper proposes an ACO-based approach that can maximize the lifetime of heterogeneous WSNs. The methodology is based on finding the maximum number of disjoint connected covers that satisfy both sensing coverage and network connectivity. A construction graph is designed with each vertex denoting the assignment of a device in a subset. Based on pheromone and heuristic information, the ants seek an optimal path on the construction graph to maximize the number of connected covers. The pheromone serves as a metaphor for the search experiences in building connected covers. The heuristic information is used to reflect the desirability of device assignments. A local search procedure is designed to further improve the search efficiency. The proposed approach has been applied to a variety of heterogeneous WSNs. The results show that the approach is effective and efficient in finding high-quality solutions for maximizing the lifetime of heterogeneous WSNs
Self-similarity in a system with short-time delayed feedback
Using the Poincar\'{e} section technique, we study in detail the dynamical
behaviors of delay differential system and find a new type of solutions
in short-time delay feedback. Our numerical results remind us to deny the
opinion that there are no complex phenomena in short-time delay case. Many
similarities between foundamental solution and the new type of solutions are
found. We demonstrate that the scales of increase with exponential growth
via in the direction of , while decrease with exponential decays in
the direction of or delay time .Comment: 4 pages, REVTEX, 4 ps figures, to be published in Phys. Lett.
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CAI combustion with methanol and ethanol in an air-assisted direct injection SI engine
Copyright © 2009 SAE International. This paper is posted on this site with permission from SAE International. Further use of this paper is not permitted without permission from SAECAI combustion has the potential to be the most clean combustion technology in internal combustion engines and is being intensively researched. Following the previous research on CAI combustion of gasoline fuel, systematic investigation is being carried out on the application of bio-fuels in CAI combustion. As part of an on-going research project, CAI combustion of methanol and ethanol was studied on a single-cylinder direct gasoline engine with an air-assisted injector. The CAI combustion was achieved by trapping part of burnt gas within the cylinder through using short-duration camshafts and early closure of the exhaust valves. During the experiment the engine speed was varied from 1200rpm to 2100rpm and the air/fuel ratio was altered from the stoichiometry to the misfire limit. Their combustion characteristics were obtained by analysing cylinder pressure trace. The experimental results show that both oxygenate fuels, methanol and ethanol, can lead to CAI combustion as well as gasoline fuel. The load of CAI combustion was increased and emissions were lower with the two oxygenate fuels. Methanol was found to have highest output and lowest energy consumption among the three fuels tested. CAI combustion characteristics of the oxygenate fuels were more affected by the amount of burnt residuals trapped than that of gasoline fuel
Wigner functions of thermo number state, photon subtracted and added thermo vacuum state at finite temperature
Based on Takahashi-Umezawa thermo field dynamics and the order-invariance of
Weyl ordered operators under similar transformations, we present a new approach
to deriving the exact Wigner functions of thermo number state, photon
subtracted and added thermo vacuum state. We find that these Wigner functions
are related to the Gaussian-Laguerre type functions of temperature, whose
statistical properties are then analysed.Comment: 10 pages and 2 figure
The Coupled Cluster Method Applied to Quantum Magnets: A New LPSUB Approximation Scheme for Lattice Models
A new approximation hierarchy, called the LPSUB scheme, is described for
the coupled cluster method (CCM). It is applicable to systems defined on a
regular spatial lattice. We then apply it to two well-studied prototypical
(spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic) spin-lattice models, namely: the XXZ
and the XY models on the square lattice in two dimensions. Results are obtained
in each case for the ground-state energy, the ground-state sublattice
magnetization and the quantum critical point. They are all in good agreement
with those from such alternative methods as spin-wave theory, series
expansions, quantum Monte Carlo methods and the CCM using the alternative
LSUB and DSUB schemes. Each of the three CCM schemes (LSUB, DSUB
and LPSUB) for use with systems defined on a regular spatial lattice is
shown to have its own advantages in particular applications
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