Growth and physiological response of tall oat grass to salinity stress

In order to evaluate the responses of tall oat grass plants to increasing salinity, we measured plant growth, ion contents, photosynthetic gas exchange, lipid peroxidation, and proline accumulation in four salt concentrations. Two tall oatgrass genotypes, ZXY03P-367 and ZXY03P-443, were grown for 14 days in greenhouse conditions and after 14 days treated with four NaCl treatments (0, 65, 100, and 135 mM ) for 21 days. Most parameters for the two genotypes were significantly different when they were subjected to 100 and 135 mM NaCl. Salt treatment led to decreases in root and shoot biomass, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), and K+ content, and a concurrent increase in Na+ content. Larger reductions in the parameters occurred in ZXY03P-443. A significant accumulation of lipid peroxidation and proline in leaves was found during the period of intensive leaf growth. These organic compounds likely played a role in leaf osmotic adjustment and in the protection of membrane stability at severe salinity levels. Our results indicated that the two tall oatgrass genotypes differ in their sensitivity to salinity, with ZXY03P-336 classified as relatively salt tolerant and ZXY03P-443 as  sensitive.Key words: Growth, physiological responses, salinity stress, tall oatgras

Dynamical Properties of Multi-Armed Global Spirals in Rayleigh-Benard Convection

Explicit formulas for the rotation frequency and the long-wavenumber diffusion coefficients of global spirals with $m$ arms in Rayleigh-Benard convection are obtained. Global spirals and parallel rolls share exactly the same Eckhaus, zigzag and skewed-varicose instability boundaries. Global spirals seem not to have a characteristic frequency $\omega_m$ or a typical size $R_m$, but their product $\omega_m R_m$ is a constant under given experimental conditions. The ratio $R_i/R_j$ of the radii of any two dislocations ($R_i$, $R_j$) inside a multi-armed spiral is also predicted to be constant. Some of these results have been tested by our numerical work.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. E as Rapid Communication

Hole Doping Dependence of the Coherence Length in La2−xSrxCuO4La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4 Thin Films

By measuring the field and temperature dependence of magnetization on systematically doped $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ thin films, the critical current density $j_c(0)$ and the collective pinning energy $U_p(0)$ are determined in single vortex creep regime. Together with the published data of superfluid density, condensation energy and anisotropy, for the first time we derive the doping dependence of the coherence length or vortex core size in wide doping regime directly from the low temperature data. It is found that the coherence length drops in the underdoped region and increases in the overdoped side with the increase of hole concentration. The result in underdoped region clearly deviates from what expected by the pre-formed pairing model if one simply associates the pseudogap with the upper-critical field.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Single chargino production via gluon-gluon fusion in a supersymmetric theory with an explicit R-parity violation

We studied the production of single chargino$\tilde{\chi}_1^{\pm}$ accompanied by $\mu^{\mp}$ lepton via gluon-gluon fusion at the LHC. The numerical analysis of their production rates is carried out in the mSUGRA scenario with some typical parameter sets. The results show that the cross sections of the $\tilde{\chi}_1^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}$ productions via gluon-gluon collision are in the order of $1 \sim 10^{2}$ femto barn quantitatively at the CERN LHC, and can be competitive with production mechanism via quark-antiquark annihilation process.Comment: LaTex file, 18 pages, 4 EPS file

Lipschitz equivalence of subsets of self-conformal sets

We give sufficient conditions to guarantee that if two self-conformal sets E and F have Lipschitz equivalent subsets of positive measure, then there is a bilipschitz map of E into, or onto, F

Effects of Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Granule Formula (CHBGF) on life time, pathology, peripheral blood cells of tumor chemotherapymodelmouse with H22 hepatoma carcinomacells

Background: Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Granule Formula (CHBGF) is a traditional Chinese empirical formula that can help the tumor patients whohave received chemotherapy antagonize the toxin and side-effects so as to improve and prolong the life. This study is to evaluate the effects ofCHBGF on improving life quality in terms of survival time, pathology of tumor tissue and ameliorating peripheral blood cells in mousechemotherapy model with subcutaneous transplanted tumor or ascitic tumor of H22 hepatoma carcinoma cells at an overall level.Materials and Methods: 71 mice among the 92 Kunming mice were injected subcutaneously into the right anterior armpit with H22 hepatomacarcinoma cells, after 7 days, which had formed tumors and were used peritoneal injection of Cytoxan (CTX) (200mg/kg) to establish themouse chemotherapy model with transplanted tumor, and then which were commensurately divided into 8 groups by random digits table. 21mice were injected into peritoneal cavity to use CTX and the same method to establish the model. The groups for evaluating the effects on thesurvival time were the model, CHBGF and positive control group respectively with 7 mice in each group. The groups for evaluating the effects on anti-cancer were the model group, three treatment groups and positive control group with 10 mice in each group. The survival-time-observing groups were given intragastric administration of normal saline, CHBGF (64g/kg) once a day, and peritoneal injection of 5-Fluorouracil (25mg/kg) once every other day respectively. The survival time of each group was observed. The five anti-cancer-observing groups were given intragastric administration of normal saline, CHBGF (64g/kg, 32g/kg and 16g/kg) once a day, and peritoneal injection of 5-Fluorouracil (25mg/kg) once every other day respectively. After treatment for 21 days, the transplanted tumors were peeled off. Blood was collected through pricking eyeball and analyzed by hematology analyzer. And  postchemotherapy transplanted tumor inhibition ratios were calculated. Pathological changes of tumor tissues and blood smears were observed with light microscope.Results: The life prolonging rate of CHBGF (64g/kg) group with  transplanted tumor is 20.14%, and their survival time was longer than that of the 5-Fluorouracil group (P<0.05). Life prolonging rate of CHBGF (64g/kg) group with ascitic tumor is 64.15%, the survival time was longerthan that of the model group (P<0.01) and the 5-Fluorouracil group (P<0.05). The growth of the transplanted tumor in model group was fasterthan that in CHBGF (64g/kg) group and 5-Fluorouracil group (P<0.05). The tumor average weight of the positive drug and the CHBGF (64g/kg, 32g/kg) groups was lighter than that of the model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The inhibition ratios of CHBGF (64g/kg, 32g/kg and 16g/kg) groups are 31.15%, 21.31%, and 13.11% respectively. Under light microscope, in the positive drug and three CHBGF groups the pathological deteriorated severity of tumor tissue observed was milder than that in the model group, the distribution of WBC in CHBGF groups was more obvious than that of the model and 5-Fluorouracil groups. The WBC and PLT decrease in CHBGF (64g/kg, 32g/kg and 16g/kg) groups is less than the model and the 5-Fluorouracil group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the number of RBC and HGB just in the CHBGF (64g/kg) group was more than that of the model group or the 5-Fluorouracil group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Granule Formula can prolong the survival time of the mice chemotherapy model of both subcutaneous transplanted tumor and ascitic tumor of H22 hepatoma carcinoma cells, has some determinate inhibitory effects on the growth of subcutaneous transplanted tumor chemo-treated, and has the therapeutic effect on antagonizing decrease of WBC and PLT caused by chemotherapy.Key words: Ciji Hua’ai Baosheng Granule Formula (CHBGF); tumor chemotherapy model; transplanted tumor; ascitic tumor; survival time;pathology; peripheral blood cell; H22 hepatoma carcinoma cell

Suppressing nano-scale stick-slip motion by feedback

When a micro cantilever with a nano-scale tip is manipulated on a substrate with atomic-scale roughness, the periodic lateral frictional force and stochastic fluctuations may induce stick-slip motion of the cantilever tip, which greatly decreases the precision of the nano manipulation. This unwanted motion cannot be reduced by open-loop control especially when there exist parameter uncertainties in the system model, and thus needs to introduce feedback control. However, real-time feedback cannot be realized by the existing virtual reality virtual feedback techniques based on the position sensing capacity of the atomic force microscopy (AFM). To solve this problem, we propose a new method to design real-time feedback control based on the force sensing approach to compensate for the disturbances and thus reduce the stick-slip motion of the cantilever tip. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the controlled motion of the cantilever tip tracks the desired trajectory with much higher precision. Further investigation shows that our proposal is robust under various parameter uncertainties. Our study opens up new perspectives of real-time nano manipulation.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure

Reweighted Discriminative Optimization for least-squares problems with point cloud registration

Optimization plays a pivotal role in computer graphics and vision. Learning-based optimization algorithms have emerged as a powerful optimization technique for solving problems with robustness and accuracy because it learns gradients from data without calculating the Jacobian and Hessian matrices. The key aspect of the algorithms is the least-squares method, which formulates a general parametrized model of unconstrained optimizations and makes a residual vector approach to zeros to approximate a solution. The method may suffer from undesirable local optima for many applications, especially for point cloud registration, where each element of transformation vectors has a different impact on registration. In this paper, Reweighted Discriminative Optimization (RDO) method is proposed. By assigning different weights to components of the parameter vector, RDO explores the impact of each component and the asymmetrical contributions of the components on fitting results. The weights of parameter vectors are adjusted according to the characteristics of the mean square error of fitting results over the parameter vector space at per iteration. Theoretical analysis for the convergence of RDO is provided, and the benefits of RDO are demonstrated with tasks of 3D point cloud registrations and multi-views stitching. The experimental results show that RDO outperforms state-of-the-art registration methods in terms of accuracy and robustness to perturbations and achieves further improvement than non-weighting learning-based optimization

Break and Splice: A Statistical Method for Non-Rigid Point Cloud Registration

3D object matching and registration on point clouds are widely used in computer vision. However, most existing point cloud registration methods have limitations in handling non-rigid point sets or topology changes (e.g. connections and separations). As a result, critical characteristics such as large inter-frame motions of the point clouds may not be accurately captured. This paper proposes a statistical algorithm for non-rigid point sets registration, addressing the challenge of handling topology changes without the need to estimate correspondence. The algorithm uses a novel Break and Splice framework to treat the non-rigid registration challenges as a reproduction process and a Dirichlet Process Gaussian Mixture Model (DPGMM) to cluster a pair of point sets. Labels are assigned to the source point set with an iterative classification procedure, and the source is registered to the target with the same labels using the Bayesian Coherent Point Drift (BCPD) method. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves lower registration errors and efficiently registers point sets undergoing topology changes and large inter-frame motions. The proposed approach is evaluated on several data sets using various qualitative and quantitative metrics. The results demonstrate that the Break and Splice framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving an average error reduction of about 60% and a registration time reduction of about 57.8%