86 research outputs found
Quantization of Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond Superstring Model in 10+2-dimensional Spacetime
We construct a Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond superstring model which is invariant
under supersymmetric U(1)_V * U(1)_A gauge transformations as well as the
super-general coordinate, the super local Lorentz and the super-Weyl
transformations on the string world-sheet. We quantize the superstring model by
covariant BRST formulation a la Batalin and Vilkovisky and noncovariant
light-cone gauge formulation. Upon the quantizations the model turns out to be
formulated consistently in 10+2-dimensional background spacetime involving two
time dimensions.Comment: 1+61 pages, no figures, LaTe
Density Dependence of Transport Coefficients from Holographic Hydrodynamics
We study the transport coefficients of Quark-Gluon-Plasma in finite
temperature and finite baryon density. We use AdS/QCD of charged AdS black hole
background with bulk-filling branes identifying the U(1) charge as the baryon
number. We calculate the diffusion constant, the shear viscosity and the
thermal conductivity to plot their density and temperature dependences.
Hydrodynamic relations between those are shown to hold exactly. The diffusion
constant and the shear viscosity are decreasing as a function of density for
fixed total energy. For fixed temperature, the fluid becomes less diffusible
and more viscous for larger baryon density.Comment: LaTeX, 1+33 pages, 6 figures, references adde
The bosonic string and superstring models in 26+2 and 10+2 dimensional space--time, and the generalized Chern-Simons action
We have covariantized the Lagrangians of the U(1)_V * U(1)_A models, which
have U(1)_V * U(1)_A gauge symmetry in two dimensions, and studied their
symmetric structures. The special property of the U(1)_V * U(1)_A models is the
fact that all these models have an extra time coordinate in the target
space-time. The U(1)_V * U(1)_A models coupled to two-dimensional gravity are
string models in 26+2 dimensional target space-time for bosonic string and in
10+2 dimensional target space-time for superstring. Both string models have two
time coordinates. In order to construct the covariant Lagrangians of the U(1)_V
* U(1)_A models the generalized Chern-Simons term plays an important role. The
supersymmetric generalized Chern-Simons action is also proposed. The
Green-Schwarz type of U(1)_V * U(1)_A superstring model has another fermionic
local symmetry as well as \kappa-symmetry. The supersymmetry of target
space-time is different from the standard one.Comment: 27 pages, no figure
Sound Modes in Holographic Hydrodynamics for Charged AdS Black Hole
In the previous paper we studied the transport coefficients of Quark-Gluon
Plasma in finite temperature and finite density in vector and tensor modes. In
this paper, we extend it to the scalar modes. We work out the decoupling
problem and hydrodynamic analysis for the sound mode in charged AdS black hole
and calculate the sound velocity, the charge susceptibility and the electrical
conductivity. We find that Einstein relation among the conductivity, the
diffusion constant and the susceptibility holds exactly.Comment: 1+33 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX; references added, improved section 4.
Generalized Gauge Theories and Weinberg-Salam Model with Dirac-K\"ahler Fermions
We extend previously proposed generalized gauge theory formulation of
Chern-Simons type and topological Yang-Mills type actions into Yang-Mills type
actions. We formulate gauge fields and Dirac-K\"ahler matter fermions by all
degrees of differential forms. The simplest version of the model which includes
only zero and one form gauge fields accommodated with the graded Lie algebra of
supergroup leads Weinberg-Salam model. Thus the Weinberg-Salam model
formulated by noncommutative geometry is a particular example of the present
formulation.Comment: 33 pages, LaTe
Expression and Localization of the Cell Adhesion Molecule SgIGSF during Regeneration of the Olfactory Epithelium in Mice
Spermatogenic immunoglobulin superfamily (SgIGSF) is a cell adhesion molecule originally discovered in mouse testis. SgIGSF is expressed not only in spermatogenic cells but also in lung and liver epithelial cells and in neurons and glia of the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of SgIGSF in mouse olfactory epithelium before and after transection of the olfactory nerves, by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. In normal olfactory mucosa, SgIGSF showed 100 kDa in molecular weight, which was identical with that in the lung but different from that in the brain. SgIGSF was expressed on the membrane of all olfactory, sustentacular and basal cells, but more abundantly in the apical portions of the olfactory epithelium where the dendrites of olfactory cells are in contact with sustentacular cells. After olfactory nerve transection, mature olfactory cells disappeared in 4 days but were regenerated around 7–15 days by proliferation and differentiation of basal cells into mature olfactory cells through the step of immature olfactory cells. During this period, both the mRNA and protein for SgIGSF showed a transient increase, with peak levels at 7 days and 11 days, respectively, after the transection. Immunohistochemistry showed that the enriched immunoreactivity for SgIGSF at 7–11 days was localized primarily to the membrane of immature olfactory cells. These results suggested that, during regeneration of the olfactory epithelium, the adhesion molecule SgIGSF plays physiological roles in differentiation, migration, and maturation of immature olfactory cells
Entropy Bound and Causality Violation in Higher Curvature Gravity
In any quantum theory of gravity we do expect corrections to Einstein gravity
to occur. Yet, at fundamental level, it is not apparent what the most relevant
corrections are. We argue that the generic curvature square corrections present
in lower dimensional actions of various compactified string theories provide a
natural passage between the classical and quantum realms of gravity. The
Gauss-Bonnet and gravities, in particular, provide concrete
examples in which inconsistency of a theory, such as, a violation of
microcausality, and a classical limit on black hole entropy are correlated. In
such theories the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density,
, can be smaller than for a boundary conformal field theory with
Einstein gravity dual. This result is interesting from the viewpoint that the
nuclear matter or quark-gluon plasma produced (such as at RHIC) under extreme
densities and temperatures may violate the conjectured bound , {\it albeit} marginally so.Comment: 23 pages, several eps figures; minor changes, references added,
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