457 research outputs found
Scalability of spin FPGA: A Reconfigurable Architecture based on spin MOSFET
Scalability of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) using spin MOSFET (spin
FPGA) with magnetocurrent (MC) ratio in the range of 100% to 1000% is discussed
for the first time. Area and speed of million-gate spin FPGA are numerically
benchmarked with CMOS FPGA for 22nm, 32nm and 45nm technologies including 20%
transistor size variation. We show that area is reduced and speed is increased
in spin FPGA owing to the nonvolatile memory function of spin MOSFET.Comment: 3 pages, 7 figure
Elastic properties of the Non-Fermi liquid metal and the Dense Kondo semiconductor
We have investigated the elastic properties of the Ce-based filled
skutterudite antimonides CeRuSb and CeOsSb by means
of ultrasonic measurements. CeRuSb shows a slight increase around
130 K in the temperature dependence of the elastic constants ,
(-)/2 and . No apparent softening toward low
temperature due to a quadrupolar response of the 4-electronic ground state
of the Ce ion was observed at low temperatures. In contrast CeOsSb
shows a pronounced elastic softening toward low temperature in the longitudinal
as a function of temperature () below about 15 K, while a slight
elastic softening was observed in the transverse below about 1.5 K.
Furthermore, CeOsSb shows a steep decrease around a phase
transition temperature of 0.9 K in both and. The elastic
softening observed in below about 15 K cannot be explained
reasonably only by the crystalline electric field effect. It is most likely to
be responsible for the coupling between the elastic strain and the
quasiparticle band with a small energy gap in the vicinity of Fermi level. The
elastic properties and the 4 ground state of Ce ions in CeRuSb
and CeOsSb are discussed from the viewpoint of the crystalline
electric field effect and the band structure in the vicinity of Fermi level.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figures, regular pape
Extended supersymmetry and its reduction on a circle with point singularities
We investigate -extended supersymmetry in one-dimensional quantum
mechanics on a circle with point singularities. For any integer ,
supercharges are explicitly constructed in terms of discrete transformations,
and a class of singularities compatible with supersymmetry is clarified. In our
formulation, the supersymmetry can be reduced to -extended supersymmetry for
any integer . The degeneracy of the spectrum and spontaneous supersymmetry
breaking are also studied.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Effects of Unilateral Compound-Eye Removal on the Photoperiodic Responses of Nymphal Development in the Cricket Modicogryllus siamensis
The cricket, Modicogryllus siamensis, shows clear photoperiodic responses at 25 degrees C in nymphal development. Under long-day conditions (LD16:8), nymphs became adults about 50 days after hatching, while under short-day conditions (LD8:16) the duration of nymphal stage extended to more than 130 days. Under constant dark conditions, two developmental patterns were observed: about 60% of crickets became adults slightly slower than under the long-day conditions, and the rest at later than 100 days after hatching, like those under the short-day conditions. When the compound eye was unilaterally removed on the 2nd day of hatching, an increase of molting and an extension of the nymphal period were observed under the long-day conditions, while under the short-day conditions, some crickets developed faster and others slower than intact crickets. These results suggest that this cricket receives photoperiodic information through the compound eye, that a pair of the compound eyes is required for a complete photoperiodic response, and that interaction between bilateral circadian clocks may be also involved in the response
Managing Global Competition: Japanese Companies in Transition
Much has been wntten about the discontnuities takmg place in the
post industnal society (Galbrath (1967), Marcuse (1968). Bell (1973),
Toffler (1980), Huber (1984), Reich (199l), Lewm and Stephens (1993),
and Ilinitch, Lewin, and D'Aveni, (1998)) which are forcing multinational
companies and heretofore pnmarily domestic companies in
every country and in almost every business sector to re-examine their
management philosophies, strategies and organization designs In
contrast to searching for a single theory of internationalization or for
"the" theory of organizing for global compehhon, this paper focuses on
the sources of vanation as a way of understanding the firm specific
paths of companies' internahonalizahon and their organlzabon forms
The paper extends the concept of equifinality (Katz and Kahn (1978),
Doty, Glick, and Huber (1993). and Gresov and Drazin (1997)) for
compehng in global environment and as a basis for understandmg why and how companies evolve unlque configurations of strategies and
organizahon forms. The paper applies this framework to a discussion of
Japanese companies
Impaired In Vivo Gamma Oscillations in the Medial Entorhinal Cortex of Knock-in Alzheimer Model
The entorhinal cortex (EC) has bidirectional connections with the hippocampus and plays a critical role in memory formation and retrieval. EC is one of the most vulnerable regions in the brain in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease with progressive memory impairments. Accumulating evidence from healthy behaving animals indicates gamma oscillations (30–100 Hz) as critical for mediating interactions in the circuit between EC and hippocampus. However, it is still unclear whether gamma oscillations have causal relationship with memory impairment in AD. Here we provide the first evidence that in vivo gamma oscillations in the EC are impaired in an AD mouse model. Cross-frequency coupling of gamma (30–100 Hz) oscillations to theta oscillations was reduced in the medial EC of anesthetized amyloid precursor protein knock-in (APP-KI) mice. Phase locking of spiking activity of layer II/III pyramidal cells to the gamma oscillations was significantly impaired. These data indicate that the neural circuit activities organized by gamma oscillations were disrupted in the medial EC of AD mouse model, and point to gamma oscillations as one of possible mechanisms for cognitive dysfunction in AD patients
Identifying the target genes of SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1, a master transcription factor controlling DNA damage response in Arabidopsis
In mammalian cells, the transcription factor p53 plays a crucial role in transmitting DNA damage signals to maintain genome integrity. However, in plants, orthologous genes for p53 and checkpoint proteins are absent. Instead, the plant-specific transcription factor SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RADIATION 1 (SOG1) controls most of the genes induced by gamma irradiation and promotes DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, and stem cell death. Thus far, the genes directly controlled by SOG1 remain largely unknown, limiting the understanding of DNA damage signaling in plants. Here, we conducted a microarray analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-sequencing, and identified 146 Arabidopsis genes as direct targets of SOG1. By using the ChIP-sequencing data, we extracted the palindromic motif [CTT(N)7AAG] as a consensus SOG1-binding sequence, which mediates target gene induction in response to DNA damage. Furthermore, DNA damage-triggered phosphorylation of SOG1 is required for efficient binding to SOG1-binding sequence. Comparison between SOG1 and p53 target genes showed that both transcription factors control genes responsible for cell cycle regulation, such as CDK inhibitors, and DNA repair proteins, whereas SOG1 preferentially targets genes involved in homologous recombination. We also found that defense-related genes were enriched in the SOG1 target genes. Consistent with this, SOG1 is required for resistance against the hemi-biotrophic fungus Colletotrichum higginsianum, suggesting that SOG1 has a unique function in controlling immune response. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Bilateral spondylolysis of inferior articular processes of the fourth lumbar vertebra: a case report
Lumbar spondylolysis, a well known cause of low back pain, usually affects the pars interarticularis of a lower lumbar vertebra and rarely involves the articular processes. We report a rare case of bilateral spondylolysis of inferior articular processes of L4 vertebra that caused spinal canal stenosis with a significant segmental instability at L4/5 and scoliosis. A 31-year-old male who had suffered from low back pain since he was a teenager presented with numbness of the right lower leg and scoliosis. Plain X-rays revealed bilateral spondylolysis of inferior articular processes of L4, anterolisthesis of the L4 vertebral body, and right lateral wedging of the L4/5 disc with compensatory scoliosis in the cephalad portion of the spine. MR images revealed spinal canal stenosis at the L4/5 disc level. Posterior lumbar interbody fusion of the L4/5 was performed, and his symptoms were relieved
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