1,106 research outputs found
Effects of degree distribution in mutual synchronization of neural networks
We study the effects of the degree distribution in mutual synchronization of
two-layer neural networks. We carry out three coupling strategies: large-large
coupling, random coupling, and small-small coupling. By computer simulations
and analytical methods, we find that couplings between nodes with large degree
play an important role in the synchronization. For large-large coupling, less
couplings are needed for inducing synchronization for both random and
scale-free networks. For random coupling, cutting couplings between nodes with
large degree is very efficient for preventing neural systems from
synchronization, especially when subnetworks are scale-free.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for associated production at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
We present the calculations of the complete next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD
corrections (including supersymmetric QCD) to the inclusive total cross
sections of the associated production processes in the Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Both the
dimensional regularization scheme and the dimensional reduction scheme are used
to organize the calculations which yield the same NLO rates. The NLO correction
can either enhance or reduce the total cross sections, but it generally
efficiently reduces the dependence of the total cross sections on the
renormalization/factorization scale. We also examine the uncertainty of the
total cross sections due to the parton distribution function uncertainties.Comment: 53 pages, 20 figures; the alpha_s in Eq.(70) is now evaluated at
M_SUSY scale, not the \mu_r scale; numerical results updated, typos
corrected; version to appear in PR
Active Sampling Based on MMD for Model Adaptation
© 2019, ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering. In this paper, we demonstrate a method for transfer learning with minimal supervised information. Recently, researchers have proposed various algorithms to solve transfer learning problems, especially the unsupervised domain adaptation problem. They mainly focus on how to learn a good common representation and use it directly for downstream task. Unfortunately, they ignore the fact that this representation may not capture target-specific feature for target task well. In order to solve this problem, this paper attempts to capture target-specific feature by utilizing labeled data in target domain. Now it’s a challenge that how to seek as little supervised information as possible to achieve good results. To overcome this challenge, we actively select instances for training and model adaptation based on MMD method. In this process, we try to label some valuable target data to capture target-specific feature and fine-tune the classifier networks. We choose a batch of data in target domain far from common representation space and having maximum entropy. The first requirement is helpful to learn a good representation for target domain and the second requirement tries to improve the classifier performance. Finally, we experiment with our method on several datasets which shows significant improvement and competitive advantage against common methods
Phenotypical microRNA screen reveals a noncanonical role of CDK2 in regulating neutrophil migration
Neutrophil migration is essential for inflammatory responses to kill pathogens; however, excessive neutrophilic inflammation also leads to tissue injury and adverse effects. To discover novel therapeutic targets that modulate neutrophil migration, we performed a neutrophil-specific microRNA (miRNA) overexpression screen in zebrafish and identified 8 miRNAs as potent suppressors of neutrophil migration. Among those, miR-199 decreases neutrophil chemotaxis in zebrafish and human neutrophil-like cells. Intriguingly, in terminally differentiated neutrophils, miR-199 alters the cell cycle-related pathways and directly suppresses cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (Cdk2), whose known activity is restricted to cell cycle progression and cell differentiation. Inhibiting Cdk2, but not DNA replication, disrupts cell polarity and chemotaxis of zebrafish neutrophils without inducing cell death. Human neutrophil-like cells deficient in CDK2 fail to polarize and display altered signaling downstream of the formyl peptide receptor. Chemotaxis of primary human neutrophils is also reduced upon CDK2 inhibition. Furthermore, miR-199 overexpression or CDK2 inhibition significantly improves the outcome of lethal systemic inflammation challenges in zebrafish. Our results therefore reveal previously unknown functions of miR-199 and CDK2 in regulating neutrophil migration and provide directions in alleviating systemic inflammation
Control of Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Treated with Warfarin:A Study from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry
Background: Several factors determine the efficacy of warfarin anticoagulation in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study aimed to use data from the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study to assess the control of anticoagulation therapy in Chinese patients with NVAF treated with warfarin. Material/Methods: From the Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry study the anticoagulant use and dosing, the time in therapeutic range (TTR) of the international normalized ratio (INR), and standard deviation of the observed INR values (SD INR), and their influencing factors were evaluated. Results: The median INR and SD INR were 2.04 (IQR 1.71–2.41) and 0.50 (IQR, 0.35–0.69), respectively. The median TTR was 51.7% (IQR, 30.6–70.1%) and only 25.1% had a TTR ≥70%. Age was ≥70 years (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55–0.94; P=0.015), bleeding history (OR 0.48; 95% CI, 0.23–0.89; P=0.029), the use of a single drug (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.42–0.92; P=0.016), more than drug (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.41–0.88; P=0.009), and lack of assessment of bleeding risk (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.54–0.97; P=0.033) were associated with TTR <70% (INR 2.0–3.0). Coronary heart disease (CHD) and peripheral artery disease (PAD) (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52–0.90; P=0.007) and diabetes mellitus (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.62–0.99; P=0.044) were associated with increased variability in INR (SD INR ≥0.5). Conclusions: In Chinese patients with NVAF, warfarin anticoagulation was associated with lower TTR and less stable anticoagulation than in current guidelines, and risk factors for reduced safety and efficacy were identified. </p
Inducible overexpression of zebrafish microRNA-722 suppresses chemotaxis of human neutrophil like cells
Neutrophil migration is essential for battling against infections but also drives chronic inflammation. Since primary neutrophils are terminally differentiated and not genetically tractable, leukemia cells such as HL-60 are differentiated into neutrophil-like cells to study mechanisms underlying neutrophil migration. However, constitutive overexpression or inhibition in this cell line does not allow the characterization of the genes that affect the differentiation process. Here we apply the tet-on system to induce the expression of a zebrafish microRNA, dre-miR-722, in differentiated HL-60. Overexpression of miR-722 reduced the mRNA level of genes in the chemotaxis and inflammation pathways, including Ras-Related C3 Botulinum Toxin Substrate 2 (RAC2). Consistently, polarization of the actin cytoskeleton, cell migration and generation of the reactive oxygen species are significantly inhibited upon induced miR-722 overexpression. Together, zebrafish miR-722 is a suppressor for migration and signaling in human neutrophil like cells
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Publisher Correction: Copper adparticle enabled selective electrosynthesis of n-propanol.
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper
Enhancing Recommender Systems with Large Language Model Reasoning Graphs
Recommendation systems aim to provide users with relevant suggestions, but
often lack interpretability and fail to capture higher-level semantic
relationships between user behaviors and profiles. In this paper, we propose a
novel approach that leverages large language models (LLMs) to construct
personalized reasoning graphs. These graphs link a user's profile and
behavioral sequences through causal and logical inferences, representing the
user's interests in an interpretable way. Our approach, LLM reasoning graphs
(LLMRG), has four components: chained graph reasoning, divergent extension,
self-verification and scoring, and knowledge base self-improvement. The
resulting reasoning graph is encoded using graph neural networks, which serves
as additional input to improve conventional recommender systems, without
requiring extra user or item information. Our approach demonstrates how LLMs
can enable more logical and interpretable recommender systems through
personalized reasoning graphs. LLMRG allows recommendations to benefit from
both engineered recommendation systems and LLM-derived reasoning graphs. We
demonstrate the effectiveness of LLMRG on benchmarks and real-world scenarios
in enhancing base recommendation models.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Plasmoid ejection and secondary current sheet generation from magnetic reconnection in laser-plasma interaction
Reconnection of the self-generated magnetic fields in laser-plasma
interaction was first investigated experimentally by Nilson {\it et al.} [Phys.
Rev. Lett. 97, 255001 (2006)] by shining two laser pulses a distance apart on a
solid target layer. An elongated current sheet (CS) was observed in the plasma
between the two laser spots. In order to more closely model magnetotail
reconnection, here two side-by-side thin target layers, instead of a single
one, are used. It is found that at one end of the elongated CS a fan-like
electron outflow region including three well-collimated electron jets appears.
The ( MeV) tail of the jet energy distribution exhibits a power-law
scaling. The enhanced electron acceleration is attributed to the intense
inductive electric field in the narrow electron dominated reconnection region,
as well as additional acceleration as they are trapped inside the rapidly
moving plasmoid formed in and ejected from the CS. The ejection also induces a
secondary CS
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