Development of ultrasonic motor with a coil type stator and its application to vascular endoscope

IVUS (Intravascular Ultrasound) is a useful medical device to observe the thrombus in blood vessels, and such a micro motor less than 1.0 mm in outer diameter is desired to apply IVUS in narrow brain vessels. In our previous works, ultrasonic motor consisting of a wire coil type stator, a waveguide, a cylindrical rotor, an ultrasonic vibrator has been developed. This motor is rather easy to miniaturize because of its simple structure. However, this motor behavior is unstable rotate. To improve these problems, a foil type stator has been applied in stead of a wire coiled stator. An ultrasonic motor with 0.05 mm thick foil type stator was manufactured and tested their performances. It was able to verify that this ultrasonic motor with a foil type stator has the right quality. So, simplified IVUS system using ultrasonic motor with a foil type stator was manufactured and tested their fundamental performances. In order to expand development of new application, ultrasonic motor with a shortened waveguide and ultrasonic motor integrated driving unit with a stator was developed

Relationship between early childhood and primary education in France and Sweden

The relationship between early childhood and primary education is intensifying in recent years. With almost all children in Western Europe attending early childhood education (ECE) programmes by the age of four, there is increasing demand for primary education to be better linked with the preceding stage in the interest of improved educational transitions and outcomes. Thanks to the growing body of research on the benefits in later school achievement, employment, economic development, gender and social equity, ECE is now firmly on the policy agenda of national governments in Europe as well as international organisations, side by side with primary education. Fresh interest in the relationship has emerged also with the adoption of the vision of lifelong learning, prompting efforts to conceive a seamless system whereby various stages and areas of education are connected and form a coherent whole. As participation and investment in ECE grows, the question arises as to whether this is a distinct phase of education or an adjunct to primary schooling and what the consequences of the different types of relationship might be. This study aims to understand and compare the relationship between early childhood and primary education in France and Sweden, which have contrasting histories and approaches in relation to ECE and schooling. In particular, using globalisation and the social construction of the child as key framing concepts, the study seeks to understand and compare policy changes over time and the views and experiences of key stakeholders in ECE and schooling regarding the relationship in both countries. This is a unique comparative study on the relationship that employs a case study method involving policy and interview analyses. It seeks to contribute to theoretical and policy discussions on the relationships between different stages of education, including conditions for forging a constructive relationship

Anisotropic softening of collective charge modes in the vicinity of critical doping in a doped Mott insulator

Momentum resolved inelastic resonant x-ray scattering is used to map the evolution of charge excitations over a large range of energies, momenta and doping levels in the electron doped Mott insulator class Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$. As the doping induced AFM-SC (antiferromagnetic-superconducting) transition is approached, we observe an anisotropic softening of collective charge modes over a large energy scale along the Gamma to (\pi,\pi)-direction, whereas the modes exhibit broadening ($\sim$ 1 eV) with relatively little softening along Gamma to (\pi,0) with respect to the parent Mott insulator (x=0). Our study indicates a systematic collapse of the gap consistent with the scenario that the system dopes uniformly with electrons even though the softening of the modes involves an unusually large energy scale.Comment: 5 pages + 5 Figure

Development of ultrasonic motor with a coil type stator and its application to vascular endoscope

IVUS (Intravascular Ultrasound) is a useful medical device to observe the thrombus in blood vessels, and such a micro motor less than 1.0 mm in outer diameter is desired to apply IVUS in narrow brain vessels. In our previous works, ultrasonic motor consisting of a wire coil type stator, a waveguide, a cylindrical rotor, an ultrasonic vibrator has been developed. This motor is rather easy to miniaturize because of its simple structure. However, this motor behavior is unstable rotate. To improve these problems, a foil type stator has been applied in stead of a wire coiled stator. An ultrasonic motor with 0.05 mm thick foil type stator was manufactured and tested their performances. It was able to verify that this ultrasonic motor with a foil type stator has the right quality. So, simplified IVUS system using ultrasonic motor with a foil type stator was manufactured and tested their fundamental performances. In order to expand development of new application, ultrasonic motor with a shortened waveguide and ultrasonic motor integrated driving unit with a stator was developed

A MULTIMEDIA MODEL FOR THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF DIOXINS

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Statistical analysis of magnetic divertor configuration influence on H-mode transitions

DIII-D plasmas are compared for two upper divertor configurations: with the outer strike point on the small angle slot (SAS) divertor target and with the outer strike point on the horizontal divertor target (HT). Scanning the vertical distance between the magnetic null point and the divertor target over a range 0.10–0.16 m is shown to increase the threshold power, Pth , and edge plasma power, PLoss , for the low-to-high confinement (L–H) and H–L transitions respectively, by up to a factor of 1.4. The X-point height scans were performed at three L-mode core plasma line average electron densities, n¯e= 1.2, 2.2 and 3.6 ×1019m−3 , to investigate the density dependence of divertor magnetic configuration influence on Pth . The X-point height, Zx-pt , was further extended across the range 0.16–0.22 m with the more open HT divertor configuration, for which a clear decrease in Pth with increasing Zx-pt is observed. The dependence of Pth on divertor magnetic geometry is further investigated using a time-dependent probability density function (PDF) model and information geometry to elucidate the roles played by pedestal plasma turbulence and perpendicular velocity flows. The degree of stochasticity of the plasma turbulence is observed to be sensitive to the plasma heating rate. The calculated square of the information rate shows changes in the relative density fluctuations and perpendicular velocity PDFs begin 2–5 ms prior to the L–H transition for three plasmas; providing a crucial measurement of the dynamic timescale of external transport barrier formation. Additionally, both information length and rate provide potential predictors of the L–H transition for these plasmas