Internationalization of E-commerce: A Comparison of Online Shopping Preferences of Turkish and American University Students

While international e-commerce has been as an efficient means of global transaction, it can be improved even more if it is tailored to differences in local markets in terms of economy, infrastructure and culture.  In trying to investigate the internationalization of e-commerce, we examined the online shopping preferences in the US (which has a well-developed market in e-commerce) and Turkey (which has more of a developing market with good potentials).  This empirical study indicated significant cross-national differences in online shopping preferences, particularly on attitude towards online credit card payment and online purchase involvement. It was also concluded that the culture based factors such as website design appeal is also significantly affected by nationality. Keywords: Online shopping; e-commerce; cultural difference

The Perceived Country Of Origin Images In Turkey

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of country-of-origin image in quality perceptions of Turkish consumers. Since the research already supports the fact that country-of-origin image reflects a consumer’s general perception about the quality of products made in a particular country and the nature of people from that country, the authors aimed to search how consistent the Turkish consumers are in perceiving some products/product groups and the countries those products are associated with. The objective is to assess the matching of perceptions of some country images and the products. Both the product-country and the country-product match information can be used to assess consumers’ purchase intentions by both marketing practitioners and the state authorities in managing country images. This study examined country-of-origin in terms of the fit between countries and product categories as perceived by a sample of 500 students/professionals in both major universities and numerous business institutions in Turkey. The findings indicated that the respondents were not consistent in associating the names of the products and the names of the countries with each other

Dönmeye Karşı Kontrol Altına Alınmış Basit Mesnetli Çubukların Stoke Dönüşümü Yardımıyla Burkulma Analizi

Konferans Bildirisi -- Teorik ve Uygulamalı Mekanik Türk Milli Komitesi, 2015Conference Paper -- Theoretical and Applied Mechanical Turkish National Committee, 2015Bu çalışmada eksenel yüklenmiş basit mesnetli bir kirişin burkulma yüklerinin tespiti için yerel bir analitik yöntem geliştirilmiştir. Ayrıca kiriş uçlarından dönmeye karşı engelleyici yaylar ile sabitlenmiştir. Çalışmada Euler-Bernoulli kiriş teorisi kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak literatürde çok iyi bilinen Euler-Bernoulli kiriş teorisinin denklemi eksenel yükler altında verilmiştir. Analitik genel çözümlerin elde edilmesi için yer değiştirme fonksiyonu Fourier sinüs serisi seçilmiştir. Fourier sinüs serisinin seçilmesinin kirişin basit mesnetli olması ile bir ilgisi bulunmamaktadır. Literatürdeki çalışmalarda basit mesnetli kirişlerin sınır koşullarını sağladığı için genellikle Fourier sinus serileri kullanılmaktadır. Mesnetlerde dönmeye karşı yaylar kullanıldığı için; sınır koşullarında serbestlik sağlaması bakımından Stoke dönüşümü uygulanmıştır. Bu dönüşümün yapılmasının temel amacı yay sabitlerine verilecek değerlerde esneklik sağlamasıdır.This paper presents an analytical method for buckling analysis of simply supported beam with rotational restraints at both ends. Euler Bernoulli theory is used. The lateral displacement function is sellected by a Fourier sine series. Stokes’ transformation is applied to boundary conditions in order to construct the coefficient matrix. This application gives more flexibility for buckling analysis of beams with different boundary conditions. Comparisons are performed to validate present analytical method

Exploring Antecedents of Private Shopping intention: The Case of Turkish Apparel Industry

The objective of this study is to develop a research model to investigate the impacts of           (i) perceived benefits/risks of online shopping, (ii) the dimensions of both electronic service quality (e-SQ) and electronic service recovery (e-recovery) on electronic commerce satisfaction and electronic loyalty in the setting of private shopping business model among Turkish online shoppers. The hedonic/enjoyment benefit is the only significantly effective benefit of online shopping where other listed benefits and the risks appear to have an insignificant impact on electronic satisfaction. The e-SQ dimension of “system availability” and the e-recovery dimension of “compensation” were not considered significantly effective on e-satisfaction by the respondents, either. In congruence with the previous research findings, e-satisfaction is a major element of e-loyalty in the growing business of private apparels shopping in Turkey. Keywords: Private Shopping, e-service quality, e-satisfaction, e-loyalty

Stacking in Colloidal Nanoplatelets: Tuning Excitonic Properties

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Colloidal semiconductor quantum wells, also commonly known as nanoplatelets (NPLs), have arisen among the most promising materials for light generation and harvesting applications. Recently, NPLs have been found to assemble in stacks. However, their emerging characteristics essential to these applications have not been previously controlled or understood. In this report, we systematically investigate and present excitonic properties of controlled column-like NPL assemblies. Here, by a controlled gradual process, we show that stacking in colloidal quantum wells substantially increases exciton transfer and trapping. As NPLs form into stacks, surprisingly we find an order of magnitude decrease in their photoluminescence quantum yield, while the transient fluorescence decay is considerably accelerated. These observations are corroborated by ultraefficient Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) in the stacked NPLs, in which exciton migration is estimated to be in the ultralong range (>100 nm). Homo-FRET (i.e., FRET among the same emitters) is found to be ultraefficient, reaching levels as high as 99.9% at room temperature owing to the close-packed collinear orientation of the NPLs along with their large extinction coefficient and small Stokes shift, resulting in a large Forster radius of similar to 13.5 nm. Consequently, the strong and long-range homo-FRET boosts exciton trapping in nonemissive NPLs, acting as exciton sink centers, quenching photoluminescence from the stacked NPLs due to rapid nonradiative recombination of the trapped excitons. The rate-equation-based model, which considers the exciton transfer and the radiative and nonradiative recombination within the stacks, shows an excellent match with the experimental data. These results show the critical significance of stacking control in NPL solids, which exhibit completely different signatures of homo-FRET as compared to that in colloidal nanocrystals due to the absence of inhomogeneous broadening

Multi-Temperature Zone, Droplet-based Microreactor for Increased Temperature Control in Nanoparticle Synthesis

Cataloged from PDF version of article.Microreactors are an emerging technology for the controlled synthesis of nanoparticles. The Multi-Temperature zone Microreactor (MTM) described in this work utilizes thermally isolated heated and cooled regions for the purpose of separating nucleation and growth processes as well as to provide a platform for a systematic study on the effect of reaction conditions on nanoparticle synthesis. © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim

Microwave-assisted synthesis, characterizations, antimicrobial activities, and DFT studies on some pyridine derived Schiff base

This study reports a joint experimental, theoretical and microbiological investigation on the (E)-N,N-dimethyl-4-((pyridine-2-ylmethylene)amino)aniline (5), (E)-N,N-dimethyl-4-((pyridine-4-ylmethylene)amino)aniline (6) and (E)-N,N-dimethyl-4-((pyridine-3-ylmethylene)amino)aniline (7). These compounds were synthesized with microwave method and their structures characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and elemental analysis tecniques. In the theoretical studies, torsional barriers analysis, ground state structure, Fourier Transform Infrared spectra (FT-IR), and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectra (NMR) of 5, 6, and, 7 were calculated by Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations. The conformers obtained from the torsional barrier scanning were optimized by B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level. The harmonic vibrational frequencies, potential energy distribution (PED), infrared intensities, and NMR chemical shifts of the most stable conformers were determined using the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p). Theoretically, predicted spectral data were compared with experimental results. Antimicrobial studies of the synthesized compounds were performed against various microbial strains. Antimicrobial activities of 5, 6, and, 7 were tested against selected bacteria and yeast through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and diffusion method. Compound 7 was found to be the most active against bacteria and yeast, while compound 5 was found to be moderately active. Compounds 6 (against S. aureus and C. albicans) and, 7 were found to have a very high minimum inhibitory concentration, ranging between 1.95 and 7.81 g/mL (against P. aeruginosa and E. coli). Compounds (6 and 7) showed zone of inhibition values in the range of 10–20 mm against other bacteria except L. monocytogenes and S. thyphimurium. © 2022 Elsevier B.V

Excitonic improvement of colloidal nanocrystals in salt powder matrix for quality lighting and color enrichment

Here we report excitonic improvement in color-converting colloidal nanocrystal powders enabled by co-integrating nonpolar greenand red-emitting nanocrystal energy transfer pairs into a single LiCl salt matrix. This leads to nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) between the cointegrated nanocrystals in the host matrix. Here we systematically studied the resulting NRET process by varying donor and acceptor concentrations in the powders. We observed that NRET is a strong function of both of the nanocrystal concentrations and that NRET efficiency increases with increasing acceptor concentration. Nevertheless, with increasing donor concentration in the powders, NRET efficiency was found to first increase (up to a maximum level of 53.9%) but then to decrease. As a device demonstrator, we employed these NRET-improved nanocrystal powders as color-converters on blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), with the resulting hybrid LED exhibiting a luminous efficiency >70 lm/Welect . The proposed excitonic nanocrystal powders potentially hold great promise for quality lighting and color enrichment applications. ©2015 Optical Society of America

Biofortification and Localization of Zinc in Wheat Grain

Zinc (Zn) deficiency associated with low dietary intake is a well-documented public health problem, resulting in serious health and socioeconomic problems. Field experiments were conducted with wheat to test the role of both soil and foliar application of ZnSO4 in Zn concentration of whole grain and grain fractions (e.g., bran, embryo and endosperm) in 3 locations. Foliar application of ZnSO4 was realized at different growth stages (e.g., stem elongation, boot, milk, dough stages) to study the effect of timing of foliar Zn application on grain Zn concentration. The rate of foliar Zn application at each growth stage was 4 kg of ZnSO4 3 7H2O ha-1. Laser ablation (LA)-ICP-MS was used to follow the localization of Zn within grain. Soil Zn application at a rate of 50 kg of ZnSO4 3 7H2O ha-1 was effective in increasing grain Zn concentration in the Zn-deficient location, but not in the locations without soil Zn deficiency. In all locations, foliar application of Zn significantly increased Zn concentration in whole grain and in each grain fraction, particularly in the case of high soil N fertilization. In Zn-deficient location, grain Zn concentration increased from 11 mg kg-1 to 22 mg kg-1 with foliar Zn application and to 27 mg kg-1 with a combined application of ZnSO4 to soil and foliar. In locations without soil Zn deficiency, combination of high N application with two times foliar Zn application (e.g., at the booting and milk stages) increased grain Zn concentration, on average, from 28 mg kg-1 to 58 mg kg-1. Both ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS data showed that the increase in Zn concentration of whole grain and grain fractions was pronounced when Zn was sprayed at the late growth stage (e.g., milk and dough). LA-ICP-MS data also indicated that Zn was transported into endosperm through the crease phloem. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the timing of foliar Zn application is of great importance in increasing grain Zn in wheat, especially in the endosperm part that is the predominant grain fraction consumed in many countries. Providing a large pool of Zn in vegetative tissues during the grain filling (e.g., via foliar Zn spray) is an important practice to increase grain Zn and contribute to human nutritio