Determining the validity and reliability of Early Numeracy Assessment for 48 - 60 month old children

Bu araştırma, Aydın örnekleminde anaokuluna devam eden 48-60 aylık çocuklaraErken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeğinin uyarlanması ve uygulanması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tarama niteliğinde olan araştırmanın evrenini 2014–2015 eğitim-öğretim yılında Aydın İli Efeler İlçe merkezindeki bağımsız anaokullarına devam eden 48-60aylık çocuklar oluşturmuştur. Araştırmanın örneklemini tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 300 çocuk oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında; “Genel Bilgi Formu”ve çocuklarınsayı becerileri düzeylerini belirlemek için VanDerHeyden (2008) tarafından geliştirilen “Erken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeği” Türkçeye uyarlanarak kullanılmıştır. Erken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeğinin uygulanmasıylaelde edilen veriler kullanılarak geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Uygulama yapılan gruplarda Erken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeği puanlarının güvenilirliği için Kuder Richardson (KR-20) değerleri Nesne Sayma – Daire İçine Alma alt boyutu için .963, Nesne Sayma – Sayıyı Yazma alt boyutu için .976, Sayı Tanıma – Daire Çizme alt boyutu için .971 ve Erken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeği toplam için .985 olarak bulunmuştur. Uygulamalarda KR-20 değerlerinin yüksek çıkması, testin içtutarlılığının yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre Erken Sayı Değerlendirme Ölçeğinin 48-60 aylık çocuklar için geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu kabul edilmiştir.This study was conducted for the purpose of adaptation and administration of Early Numeracy Assessment to 48-60 month-old preschoolers who were taken as samples for Aydın. These 48-60 month-old children who were attending to public kindergartens in districts of Aydın Efeler city center in 2014-2015 academic year constituted the universe of this study which was characterized as a survey. The datawere collected by random sampling among 300 children using “Personal Information Questionnaire” and the Turkish adaptation of “Early Numeracy Assessment” which was developed by VanDerHeyden (2008) to determine children’s numeracy ability levels were utilized by the researcher.The data gathered through Early Numeracy Assessment were then used for determining validity and reliability. In order to determine the reliability of the scores from Early Numeracy Assessment, Kuder Richardson (KR-20) values were found to be .963 for Count Object Circle Number, .976 for Count Objects Write Number and .971 for Identifiy Number Draw Circles .and .985for the compositefor Early Numeracy Assessment. These high KR-20 values show high internalconsistency for the test. According to these findings, scores of Early Numeracy Assessment, have been acknowledged as valid and reliable for 48-60month-old children

Retención de nutrientes en platos populares según datos de Google Trends en cocina Hatay

Introduction: Hatay cuisine has an important place in Turkey and world cuisine. It consists of meat dishes, stuffed vegetables, vegetable dishes, jams, pickles, pilafs, soups, appetizers and salads, herbs collected from nature, desserts, pastries, dairy products and dry foods. The culinary processes differing in cultures alter nutrient value of foods. Food preparation and processing operations affect contents and bioavailability of micronutrients in traditional dishes. Several studies have been carried out to investigate the influence of traditional food preparation and processing methods in vitamins and minerals. In this study, nutrient retention in popular dishes of Hatay cuisine was analyzed. Material and methods: Google Trends is an open access tool that allows to determine the popularity of search terms. In the current study, the most common dishes searched in the last 12 months by individiuals living in Hatay province were selected. Şıhılmahşi, tepsi kebabı, tuzlu yoğurt çorbası, humus and künefe were the most searched on the web. We used the Nutrient Retention Factor Table of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the nutrient content of the Turkish traditional dishes described above was calculated after cooking of Hatay cuisine. Results: the highest loss of micronutrients has been found in vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12 and thiamine. In şıhılmahşi, the highest loss was in folate, with 40 %. In tepsi kebabı, the highest loss appeared in vitamin B6, with 50 %. In tuzlu yoğurt soup, 70 % loss of B12 was reported. In humus, the highest loss was in folate at the level of 40 %. In künefe, the most loss occurred in folate with 30 %. Conclusion: specific cooking, preparation and preservation practices of traditional dishes that are compatible with local experience can be encouraged as an alternative or adjunct to other methods of increasing the availability of micronutrients in foods.Introducción: la cocina Hatay tiene un lugar importante en Turquía y en la cocina mundial. Se compone de platos de carne, verduras rellenas, platos de verduras, mermeladas, encurtidos, pilafs, sopas, aperitivos y ensaladas, hierbas recolectadas de la naturaleza, postres, repostería, productos lácteos y alimentos secos. Los procesos culinarios que difieren en las culturas alteran el valor nutritivo de los alimentos. Las operaciones de preparación y procesamiento de los alimentos afectan el contenido y la biodisponibilidad de los micronutrientes en los platos tradicionales. Se han llevado a cabo varios estudios para investigar la influencia de los métodos tradicionales de preparación y procesamiento de alimentos en las vitaminas y los minerales. En este estudio se analizó la retención de nutrientes en platos populares de la cocina Hatay. Material y métodos: Google Trends es una herramienta de libre acceso que permite determinar la popularidad de los términos de búsqueda. En el estudio actual, se seleccionaron los platos más comunes buscados en los últimos 12 meses por personas que viven en la provincia de Hatay. Şıhilmehşi, kebab en bandeja, sopa de yogur salada, hummus y künefe fueron los más buscados en la web. Usamos la tabla de factores de retención de nutrientes del Departamento de Agricultura de Estados Unidos (USDA, por sus siglas en inglés) y el contenido de nutrientes de los platos tradicionales turcos descritos anteriormente se calculó después de cocinar la cocina Hatay. Resultados: las mayores pérdidas de micronutrientes se han encontrado en vitamina B6, folato, vitamina B12 y tiamina. En Şıhilmehşi, la pérdida más alta fue de folato, con un 40 %. En el kebab en bandeja la mayor pérdida se presentó en vitamina B6, con un 50 %. En la sopa de yogur salada, se informó una pérdida del 70 % de B12. En hummus, la mayor pérdida fue en folato, a un nivel del 40 %. En künefe, la mayor pérdida se presentó en folato, con un 30 %. Conclusión: se pueden fomentar prácticas específicas de cocción, preparación y conservación de platos tradicionales que sean compatibles con la experiencia local como alternativa o complemento de otros métodos para aumentar la disponibilidad de micronutrientes en los alimentos

Semento-osseöz Displazi: Vaka Serisi

Semento-osseöz displazi, trabeküler kemik yapısının fibröz doku ile yer değiştirmesi sonucu oluşur. Bu çalışmada, semento-osseöz displazisi olan hastaların yaş, cinsiyet dağılımlarını değerlendirmeyi, lezyonu tipleri ve evrelerine göre incelemeyi amaçladık. Bu olgu serisinde farklı nedenlerle kliniğimize başvuran 17 hasta ile semento-osseöz displazi bulunan bölgede ağrı şikayetiyle başvuran 5 hasta değerlendirildi. Semento-osseöz displazi lezyonları asemptomatikse ve sekonder enfeksiyon yoksa müdahale edilmemelidir. Kanlanması az olan sklerotik ve asemptomatik sementoosseöz displazi vakalarında sekonder enfeksiyona neden olabileceğinden biyopsiden kaçınılmalıdır.</p

Parkinson's disease alters the composition of subgingival microbiome

Aim: The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that Parkinson's disease exacerbates periodontitis by altering its microbiome. Materials and Methods: Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. Subgingival samples from healthy controls, periodontitis patients (PD), and Parkinson's patients with periodontitis (PA+PD) were analyzed using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique for targeting 40 bacterial species typically associated with periodontal disease and health. Nextgeneration sequencing (NGS) of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (V1-V3 regions) was performed to analyze the microbiome comprehensively. Results: Parkinson's patients had mild-to-moderate motor dysfunctions. Bleeding on probing was significantly increased in the PA+PD group compared to PD (p < 0.05). With checkerboard analysis, PA was associated with increased Treponema socranskii (p = 0.0062), Peptostreptococcaceae_[G-6] [Eubacterium]_nodatum (p = 0.0439), Parvimona micra (p < 0.0001), Prevotella melaninogenica (p = 0.0002), Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum (p < 0.0001), and Streptococcus anginosus (p = 0.0020). Streptococcus intermedia (p = 0.0042), P. nodatum (p = 0.0022), P. micra (p = 0.0002), Treponema denticola (p = 0.0045), L.saburreum (p = 0.0267), P.melaninogenica (p = 0.0017), Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.0020), and T.socranskii (p = 0.0002) were higher; Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.0072) was lower in deep pockets in the PA+PD compared to PD. Schaalia odontolytica (p = 0.0351) and A.actinomycetemcomitans (p = 0.002) were lower; C.rectus (p = 0.0002), P. micra (p = 0065), Streptococcus constellatus (p = 0.0151), T.denticola (p = 0.0141), P.melaninogenica (p = 0.0057), and T.socranskii (p = 0.0316) were higher in shallow pockets in the PA+PD. Diversity decreased in PD (p = 0.001) and PA+PD (p = 0.026) compared to control, with minimal differences in alpha and beta diversities among PD and PA+PD based on NGS results. Conclusion: These data demonstrated that Parkinson's disease modifies PD-associated subgingival microbiome.This research was supported by a grant from the NIH/NIA (R01AG062496 to A. Kantarci). ; United States Department of Health & Human Services ; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA ; NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA

Analysis of Farmers' Input Usage Decisions in Plant Production: the Case of Thrace Region

Bu çalışmada, Trakya Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren çiftçilerin bitkisel üretimde girdi kullanımı hakkındaki karar alma süreçleri analitik hiyerarşi prosesi ile analiz edilmiştir. Saha çalışması kapsamında tesadüfî olarak seçilen 383 üretici ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Çiftçilerin işletmelerindeki girdi kullanım kararlarını almadan önce ilk olarak ziraat mühendislerine (0.4393) danıştıkları, daha sonra sırasıyla kendi tecrübelerine dayanarak (0.3396), girdi temin yerlerine (0.1274) ve arkadaşlarına danışarak (0.0937) karar verdikleri belirlenmiştir. Girdi kullanımında arkadaşa danışma önceliği (pIn this study, decision making processes of the farmers in Thrace region about input usage in vegetative production has been analyzed by analytical hierarchy process. Within the field study, it has been inquired with 383 producers chosen randomly. It has been determined that the farmers consult to agriculture engineers initially (0.4393) before they take input usage decisions and it has been determined that they decide according to their experiences (0.3396), input provision places (0.1274) and by consulting to their friends (0.0937) respectively. Consulting to friends priority (

Analysis of Farmers' Input Usage Conscious Levels in Vegetative Production: Thrace Region Sample

Bu çalışmada, çiftçilerin bitkisel üretimin vazgeçilmez girdileri olan tohum, gübre ve tarım ilacı kullanımındaki bilinç düzeylerinin analizi amaçlanmıştır. Proje sahası Trakya Bölgesi olarak belirlenmiş ve Tekirdağ, Edirne ve Kırklareli illeri ele alınmıştır. Saha çalışması kapsamında tesadüfî olarak seçilen 383 üretici ile anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Çalışmada Trakya Bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren çiftçilerin girdi kullanımındaki bilinçlilik düzeylerini etkileyen faktörler yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapısal eşitlik modeli sonuçlarına göre, ilaç ile girdi kullanım bilinci arasındaki ilişki katsayısının 0.88, gübre ile girdi kullanım bilinci arasındaki katsayının 0.096, tohum ile girdi kullanım bilinci arasındaki katsayının -0.19 olduğu görülmektedir. Yapısal eşitlik modeline ait belirlilik katsayısı 0.73 bulunmuştur. Çiftçinin girdi kullanım bilinci üzerinde ilaç kullanım bilinci daha yüksek bir etkiye sahip iken tohumluk kullanım bilinci ilacı takip etmektedir. Gübre kullanım bilincinin ise çiftçinin bilinç düzeyi üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisi bulunamamıştır.In this study, conscious levels of the farmers in the usage of pesticide, fertilizer and seed which are the indispensable inputs of vegetative production has been aimed. Thrace Region has been determined as project area and Tekirdağ, Edirne and Kırklareli provinces have been handled. Within the field study, it has been inquired with 383 producers chosen randomly. The factors which affect the conscious levels in input usage have been analyzed by structural equation modeling. According to structural equation modeling results, it has been found that the correlation coefficients between pesticide and input usage conscious, fertilizer and input usage conscious and seed and input usage conscious are 0.88, 0.096 and 0.19 respectively. Coefficient of determination value of the model has been found as 0.73. The effect of pesticide usage conscious is higher on input usage conscious of the farmer and seed usage conscious follows this. The effect is fertilizer usage conscious on input usage conscious of the farmer has been found insignificant

The Effect of Nasal Functions on the Integrity of Grafts after Myringoplasty

Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effects of nasal functions for the integrity of grafts after myringoplasty.Methods:In our study 78 patients who underwent myringoplasty operation between 2011-2013 were included. Group I was defined as the group with an intact tympanic membrane following surgery. Group II was defined as the group with a tympanic membrane perforation following surgery. Group I consisted of 44 and Group II consisted of 34 patients. Subjective and objective measurements of nasal functions, Eustachian tube function (ETF), and allergic status were performed using nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale, visual analog scale (VAS), and the score for allergic rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaires and acoustic rhinometry and saccharin test. It was investigated whether there was any difference between these two groups in terms of these parameters.Results:There was statistically no significant difference between groups according to the age, sex and the presence of tubal dysfunction and allergic rhinitis (p>0.05). In the group of intact tympanic membranes, the likelihood of right ear being the operated one was significantly higher compared to the group of myringoplasty failures (p=0.037). The VAS and NOSE scales did not show any significant difference between groups in terms of successful outcome of myringoplasty (p>0.05). The nasal congestion index (NCI) and the mucociliary clearance (MCC) did not show any significant difference between groups in terms of successful outcome of myringoplasty (p>0.05).Conclusion:This study has shown that nasal functions measured by objective and subjective methods had no effects on the success of myringoplasty

Post-traumatic stress disorder after terrorist attack in healthcare professionals

INTRODUCTION: On the date of 15 July 2016 a terrorist organization launched a terrorist attack using helicopters and heavy combat weapons in the city centers of Istanbul and Ankara simultaneously. Numerous civilian were hurt and many of them lost their lives during the attacks. Terrorism is a form of combat designed to cause the highest psychological influence on the masses. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychological disorders after such disasters. The aim of this study is to determine the associated risk factors and PTSD rates in healthcare professionals who were on call during the 15 July 2016 terrorist attacks. METHOD: Since the hospital is in a neighbouring the street to where terror attacks occurred, all healthcare professionals ≥ 18 years of age who were on duty that night in the Dr. Ridvan Ege Training and Research Hospital and were auditory or visual witnesses of the event were included in the study as the first group while healthcare professionals who work in the same hospital but were not on duty that night were included as the control group. RESULTS: The mean post-traumatic diagnostic scale stress score of the control group was 11.87. The mean post-traumatic diagnostic scale stress score of the Group 1 was 21.91. There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of posttraumatic diagnostic scale stress score (p &lt; 0.05). While the healthcare professionals on duty on July 15, 2016 (Group 1) had moderate-severe (21.91 ± 5.11) stress disorder, the healthcare professionals who were not at the hospital on July 15, 2016 (Control Group) had moderate stress disorder (11.87 ± 6.86). CONCLUSION: Our country is at risk from the fact that such attacks may be experienced again because of its unique conditions. The results of our work support the data on the high level of exposure to PTSD when exposed to a terrorist attack. For this reason, the identification of the characteristics of pre-traumatic health individuals at risk is useful in planning the presentation of preventive and curative health services. At the same time, there is a need for longer-term work and wider samples to reveal the psychological consequences of such attacks

Rehabilitation for Addicted Patients: Erenköy BAHAR Model

Rehabilitation is any action taken on an individual who has lost their physical or mental capabilities due to a disease or accident to recover their health or improve their capabilities in physical, mental, psychological, social and economic terms within their limitations. Rehabilitation application is divided into medical, social, occupational and psychiatric rehabilitation categories. Main purpose of rehabilitation application for addicted patients is the cessation of drug use in order to begin dealing with the psychological, legal, economic, social and physical damages done of the patients. The purpose of this study is to share several rehabilitation models applied on addicted patients of several countries, and to provide up-to-date knowledge on the development of rehabilitation models applied on addicted patients in our country with a relatively topical application example. In the practice of rehabilitation for addicted patients, we share the capacity and procedural operations, two years of research data and the experiences of what we believe is an important model for our country, the Erenköy Bağımlı Hastalar İçin Rehabilitasyon (BAHAR) Center’s model, for their individualized and integrated approach in recovery. The Center’s rehabilitation programs are cascaded into adaptation program, 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 12 months long programs. In Erenköy BAHAR Center, patients’ recoveries in medical and spiritual sense were observed; and positive developments in social standing, family relations and occupational and social roles were recorded. It is seen that this center’s treatment methods for addiction are crucial for individual’s general wellbeing and functionality recovery, thus giving rise to the thought of establishing similar centers in our country. In conclusion, rehabilitation for addicted patients in our country is an emerging field and it requires more effort

Human inbreeding has decreased in time through the Holocene

The history of human inbreeding is controversial. In particular, how the development of sedentary and/or agricultural societies may have influenced overall inbreeding levels is unclear. Here we present an approach for reliable estimation of runs of homozygosity (ROH) in genomes with ≥3x mean sequence coverage across >1 million SNPs, and apply this to 411 ancient Eurasian genomes from the last 15,000 years. We show that the frequency of inbreeding, as measured by ROH, has decreased over time. The strongest effect is associated with the Neolithic transition, but the trend has since continued, indicating a population size effect on inbreeding prevalence. We further show that most inbreeding in our historical sample can be attributed to small population size instead of consanguinity. We observed singular cases of high consanguinity only among members of farming societies