9,424 research outputs found
Iodine status of young Burkinabe children receiving small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements and iodised salt : a cluster-randomised trial
The objective of the present study was to assess the impact of providing small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) on the I status of young Burkinabe children. In total, thirty-four communities were assigned to intervention (IC) or non-intervention cohorts (NIC). IC children were randomly assigned to receive 20 g lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS)/d containing 90 mu g I with 0 or 10 mg Zn from 9 to 18 months of age, and NIC children received no SQ-LNS. All the children were exposed to iodised salt through the national salt iodization programme. Spot urinary iodine (UI), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (T-4) in dried blood spots as well as plasma thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations were assessed at 9 and 18 months of age among 123 IC and fifty-six NIC children. At baseline and at 18 months, UI, TSH and T-4 did not differ between cohorts. Tg concentration was higher in the NIC v. IC at baseline, but this difference did not persist at 18 months of age. In both cohorts combined, the geometric mean of UI was 339.2 (95 % CI 298.6, 385.2) mu g/l, TSH 0.8 (95 % CI 0.7, 0.8) mU/l, T-4 118 (95 % CI 114, 122) nmol/l and Tg 26.0 (95 % CI 24.3, 27.7) mu g/l at 18 months of age. None of the children had elevated TSH at 18 months of age. Marginally more children in NIC (8.9 %) had low T-4 (15 ppm). A reduction of SQ-LNS I content could be considered in settings with similarly successful salt iodisation programmes
Identification of new transitions and mass assignments of levels in Pr
The previously reported levels assigned to 151,152,153Pr have recently been
called into question regarding their mass assignment. The above questioned
level assignments are clarified by measuring g-transitions tagged with A and Z
in an in-beam experiment in addition to the measurements from 252Cf spontaneous
fission (SF) and establish new spectroscopic information from to
in the Pr isotopic chain. The isotopic chain 143-153Pr has been studied from
the spontaneous fission of 252Cf by using Gammasphere and also from the
measurement of the prompt g-rays in coincidence with isotopically-identified
fission fragments using VAMOS++ and EXOGAM at GANIL. The latter were produced
using 238U beams on a 9Be target at energies around the Coulomb barrier. The
g-g-g-g data from 252Cf (SF) and those from the GANIL in-beam A- and Z-gated
spectra were combined to unambiguously assign the various transitions and
levels in 151,152,153Pr and other isotopes. New transitions and bands in
145,147,148,149,150Pr were identified by using g-g-g and g-g-g-g coincidences
and A and Z gated g-g spectra. The transitions and levels previously assigned
to 151,153Pr have been confirmed by the (A,Z) gated spectra. The transitions
previously assigned to 152Pr are now assigned to 151Pr on the basis of the
(A,Z) gated spectra. Two new bands with 20 new transitions in 152Pr and one new
band with 7 new transitions in 153Pr are identified from the g-g-g-g
coincidence spectra and the (A,Z) gated spectrum. In addition, new g-rays are
also reported in 143-146Pr. New levels of 145,147-153Pr have been established,
reliable mass assignments of the levels in 151,152,153Pr have been reported and
new transitions have been identified in 143-146Pr showing the new avenues that
are opened by combining the two experimental approaches.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev.
Poverty in Asia and the Pacific: An Update
Poverty reduction in the Asia and the Pacific region in 2005–2008 had been quite significant. Despite the global crisis, an estimated 150 million people exited extreme poverty by 2008 - from 903.4 million in 2005 to 753.5 million, bringing the percentage of people living under the 1.25 and 1.25 and 2 per day poverty line, 47.4% of the region's total population or 1.63 billion can be classified as poor in 2008. Fourteen of the 25 Asian Development Bank (ADB) developing member countries (DMCs) had headcount ratios above 40%. In particular, poverty reduction was slower in low-income DMCs than the others under both the 2 per day poverty lines, implying the need for continued financial support for poverty reduction. Due to the global crisis, poverty reduction became slower. Between 2008 and 2009, based on projections, the number of the poor is estimated to have increased in 9 and 10 of the 25 DMCs, under the 2 poverty lines, respectively. Asia and the Pacific region remains home to the largest number of the world's poor. In 2008, around 63% of the poor worldwide lived in the region
Kecukupan Protein Dewasa Laki-laki Untuk Patokan Perhitungan Kecukupan Protein Di Indonesia
Dalam upaya mendapatkan angka patokan kecukupan protein lelaki dewasa yang lebih sesuai dengan keadaan di Indonesia, dilakukan "studi jangka pendek keseimbangan nitrogen" terhadap 32 subyek berusia 20-25 tahun. Kepada subyek diberikan diet dengan tiga tingkat konsumsi protein, yaitu 0.8 g, 0.9 g dan 1.0 g/kg BB, atau setara dengan 90%, 100% dan 110% anjuran kecukupan protein FAO/WHO 1973. Skor protein yang diberikan 70%, masukan kalori rata-rata 50 kal/kg BB/hari. Tampak perbedaan yang bermakna dalam retensi protein antara subyek yang diberi masukan protein sebesar 0.8 g dan 0.9 g/kg BB/hari, tetapi perbedaan seperti itu tidak bermakna antara subyek yang diberi masukan protein 0.9 g dan 1.0 g/kg BB/hari. Masukan protein dengan skor 70% dan daya cerna 78.8% sebanyak 0.9 g/kg per hari dengan demikian, dapat dipakai sebagai patokan kecukupan protein bagi lelaki dewasa usia 20-25 tahun dengan tingkat kegiatan tergolong sedang
Surface motion in the pulsating DA white dwarf G 29-38
We present time-resolved spectrophotometry of the pulsating DA white dwarf G
29-38. As in previous broad-band photometry, the light curve shows the presence
of a large number of periodicities. Many of these are combination frequencies,
i.e., periodicities occurring at frequencies that are sums or differences of
frequencies of stronger, real modes. We identify at least six real modes, and
at least five combination frequencies. We measure line-of-sight velocities for
our spectra and detect periodic variations at the frequencies of five of the
six real modes, with amplitudes of up to 5 km/s. We argue that these variations
reflect the horizontal surface motion associated with the g-mode pulsations. No
velocity signals are detected at any of the combination frequencies, confirming
that the flux variations at these frequencies do not reflect physical
pulsation, but rather mixing of frequencies due to a non-linear transformation
in the outer layers of the star. We discuss the amplitude ratios and phase
differences found for the velocity and light variations, as well as those found
for the real modes and their combination frequencies, both in a
model-independent way and in the context of models based on the
convective-driving mechanism. In a companion paper, we use the wavelength
dependence of the amplitudes of the modes to infer their spherical degree.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, mn.sty. Accepted for publication in MNRA
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