Quasi-Periodic solutions of Two Dimensional Completely Resonant Reversible Schr\"odinger d Systems

We introduce an abstract KAM (Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser) theorem for infinite dimensional reversible Schr\"odinger systems. Using this KAM theorem together with partial Birkhoff normal form method, we find the existence of quasi-periodic solutions for a class of completely resonant reversible coupled nonlinear Schr\"odinger d systems on two dimensional torus

Private feasible solution determination

Abstract Applying secure multi‐party computation (SMC) to implement secure linear programming is an important problem of SMC. Private feasible solution determination means that one of the participants has a private value and the other participants have some constraints, and they want to cooperatively determine whether the private value satisfies the constraints without disclosing their private information. This problem has important theoretical and practical significance in both scientific research and practice. In this study, the authors propose a protocol based on elliptic curve cryptosystem for this problem and prove that the protocol is secure in the semi‐honest model. Furthermore, threshold decryption elliptic curve cryptosystem is used to privately determine a feasible solution with multiple constraints for two‐party and multi‐party scenarios. The efficiency analysis shows that the protocols developed in this study are simple and efficient. Finally, the authors also show how to use these protocols to solve other SMC problems

Corneal stromal lenticule-combined accelerated transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking for severe keratoconus

AIM: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of corneal stromal lenticule-combined accelerated transepithelial corneal collagen cross-linking(SC-A-TE-CXL)in the treatment of severe keratoconus.METHODS: Prospective before-after self-control study. A total of 10 cases(14 eyes)of severe keratoconus with the thinnest corneal thickness(including epithelium)less than 400 μm were collected from March 2019 to July 2022 at the ophthalmology department of Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University. Among them, 8 males(12 eyes)and 2 females(2 eyes)were treated with SC-A-TE-CXL. Corneal curvature, uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), the thinnest corneal thickness(TCT), central corneal thickness(CCT), non-contact intraocular pressure, endothelial cell density(ECD)and anterior or posterior elevations at the thinnest point before surgery and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 mo postoperatively were observed and recorded, as well as corneal cross-linking depth at 1 mo postoperatively.RESULTS: UCVA and BCVA at 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo after SC-A-TE-CXL were higher than those preoperatively, but there were no differences(F=0.793, P=0.535; F=0.783, P=0.542). K1, K2, Km and Kmax decreased at each time point postoperatively compared with those preoperatively, but there were no differences(F=0.627, P=0.574; F=1.264, P=0.296; F=0.727, P=0.520; F=1.115, P=0.359). Anterior and posterior elevations at the thinnest point both decreased compared with those preoperatively, but the differences were not statistically significant(F=1.046, P=0.359; F=1.164, P=0.337). The non-contact intraocular pressure at each time point postoperatively was higher than that preoperatively, but the differences were not statistically significant(F=0.814, P=0.522). There were no differences in CCT and TCT at any time points of the follow-ups compared with those preoperatively(F=0.931, P=0.453; F=0.782, P=0.542). There was no difference in ECD at 12 mo postoperatively versus preoperative value(t=1.266, P=0.228). At 1 mo postoperatively, anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT)exhibited an increase of density in the anterior stroma, and there was a demarcation line with an average depth of 124.07±25.13 μm.CONCLUSION: SC-A-TE-CXL can be considered as a surgical treatment for severe keratoconus, which can delay the progression of severe keratoconus with high safety. However, the long-term efficacy of this treatment requires further observation

Sustainability Assessment of Water Resources Use in 31 Provinces in China: A Combination Method of Entropy Weight and Cloud Model

As a fundamental and strategic resource, water is a crucial controlling element of ecosystem and natural environment and it plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining and promoting the sustainable development of the economy and society. To achieve the sustainable development of society, the economy and ecology, it is necessary to assess and improve the sustainability of water resources use. Based on the Human–Resource–Nature approach, this paper constructed an indicator system for the sustainability assessment of water resources use (ISSAWRU) in China from three perspectives: water resources condition, socio-economy and ecological environment. A five-level hierarchy of assessment indicators was established. Based on the entropy weight method and the cloud model which took both fuzziness and randomness into account, this paper established an entropy-cloud-based assessment model for the sustainability assessment of water resources use in 31 provinces in China in 2019. The assessment results were compared with results obtained by the TOPSIS method to test their reliability. Finally, a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the sustainability of water resources use in China was conducted. According to the results, water resources per capita had a weighting of 0.306 and the greatest impact on the sustainable use of water resources. In addition, water structure, agricultural water use efficiency, forest coverage, and so on, had a significant impact on the sustainable use of water resources in China. The overall level of sustainability of water resources use in 31 provinces in China was not high—42% of the regions have unsustainable water resources use and there was a clear spatial distribution trend. The sustainability level of water resources use was higher in the southeast and economically developed regions. Therefore, each region should develop measures to guarantee water security based on the local conditions. This research helps policy makers to figure out the contributing factors associated with sustainability of water resources use and to set relevant rules and regulations to promote the use of water resources in a sustainable way

Resveratrol protects against diabetic retinal ganglion cell damage by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway

Objective: Oxidative stress-induced retinal neurodegenerative changes are among the pathological alterations observed in diabetic retinopathy. Resveratrol (RSV), a polyphenolic compound with diverse pharmacological effects, has shown preventive qualities in several neurodegenerative illnesses, including anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and antioxidant benefits. However, its therapeutic efficacy in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration has not yet been thoroughly elucidated. Our study aimed to explore the protective mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of RSV on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration alterations. Materials and methods: Using streptozotocin, we created a diabetic mouse model and conducted visual electrophysiological examinations on mice from the normal group, diabetic group, and diabetic group treated with RSV. Retinas were harvested for histological staining. Additionally, primary retinal ganglion cells cultured in high glucose conditions were used to assess malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels upon siRNA-mediated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) interference. Protein levels of Nrf-2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and transcriptional levels of them were also measured. Results: We demonstrated that RSV significantly improved the retinal morphology and function in the diabetic retinopathy model mice. The treated mice exhibited notable improvements in visual electrophysiology, with a significant reduction in retinal ganglion cell apoptosis. Following RSV treatment, the high glucose-cultured ganglion cells demonstrated a considerable rise in SOD levels and a substantial drop in MOD. Moreover, the protein expression of solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) and Nrf2 significantly increased. RT-PCR and Western blot results indicated a significant attenuation of RSV's therapeutic effects upon Nrf2 inhibition. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that RSV may reduce oxidative stress levels in the retina and inhibit retinal ganglion cell apoptosis via reducing the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, which lessens the harm that excessive glucose causes to the retina

Gaseous carbonyls in China's atmosphere: Tempo-spatial distributions, sources, photochemical formation, and impact on air quality

International audienceCarbonyls are an important class of oxygenated volatile organic compounds that play a crucial role in tropospheric chemistry as intermediates in the formation of ozone (O3) and secondary organic aerosols. Over the last two decades, China's severe air pollution has led atmospheric chemists to devote substantial efforts to investigate the contribution of carbonyl compounds to the observed phenomena. This study reviews the major findings with regard to the gas-phase atmospheric chemistry of carbonyls in China, including their chemical compositions, temporal and spatial distributions, source apportionments, photochemical formation mechanisms, and impact on tropospheric oxidative capacity, air quality, and human health. Extremely high levels of carbonyls have frequently been observed in China's most rapidly developing regions, such as the North China Plain, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta, but observational data from other regions are relatively scarce. Primary emissions and photochemical formation are major sources of carbonyls. Alkenes, aromatics, and isoprene have been identified as major precursors on a national scale. In addition, an increasing number of studies has focused on the effects of carbonyls on O3 formation, radical chemistry, the formation of secondary organic aerosols, and human health. The photolysis of oxygenated volatile organic compounds was recognized as a dominant pathway to ROx production, which further influences O3 formation, mainly via HO2+NO or RO2+NO. Dicarbonyls (such as glyoxal and methylglyoxal) make important contributions to secondary organic aerosol formation via irreversible uptake by aqueous particles. Indoor and outdoor carbonyls often pose a significant threat to human health. This review also includes recommendations from the perspective of emissions, observations, photochemical formation mechanisms, and the effects of carbonyls to guide future research and provide scientific support for the formulation of mitigation policies to address photochemical air pollution

Identification of N-glycosylation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients' serum with a comparative proteomic approach.

AIM:This study is to explore the different expressions of serum N-glycoproteins and glycosylation sites between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and healthy controls. METHOD:We combined high abundant proteins depletion and hydrophilic affinity method to enrich the glycoproteins. Through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), we extensively surveyed different expressions of glycosylation sites and glycoproteins between the two groups. RESULT:This approach identified 152 glycosylation sites and 54 glycoproteins expressed differently between HCC patients and healthy controls. With the absolute values of Pearson coefficients of at least 0.8, eight proteins were identified significantly up or down regulated in HCC serum. Those proteins are supposed to be involved in several biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions of hepatocarcinogenesis. Several of them had been reported abnormally regulated in several kinds of malignant tumors, and may be promising biomarkers of HCC. CONCLUSION:Our work provides a systematic and quantitative method of glycoproteomics and demonstrates some key changes in clinical HCC serum. These proteomic signatures may help to unveil the underlying mechanisms of hepatocarcinogenesis and may be useful for the exploration of candidate biomarkers