Exclusive decay of Υ\Upsilon into J/ψ+χc0,1,2J/\psi+\chi_{c0,1,2}

We study the $\Upsilon$ exclusive decay into double charmonium, specifically, the $S$-wave charmonium $J/\psi$ plus the $P$-wave charmonium $\chi_{c0,1,2}$ in the NRQCD factorization framework. Three distinct decay mechanisms, i.e., the strong, electromagnetic and radiative decay channels are included and their interference effects are investigated. The decay processes $\Upsilon(1S,2S,3S)\to J/\psi+\chi_{c1,0}$ are predicted to have the branching fractions of order $10^{-6}$, which should be observed in the prospective Super $B$ factory.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, 3 table

Demonstration of the double Q^2-rescaling model

In this paper we have demonstrated the double Q^2-rescaling model (DQ^2RM) of parton distribution functions of nucleon bounded in nucleus. With different x-region of l-A deep inelastic scattering process we take different approach: in high x-region (0.1\le x\le 0.7) we use the distorted QCD vacuum model which resulted from topologically multi -connected domain vacuum structure of nucleus; in low x-region (10^{-4}\le x\le10^{-3}) we adopt the Glauber (Mueller) multi- scattering formula for gluon coherently rescattering in nucleus. From these two approach we justified the rescaling parton distribution functions in bound nucleon are in agreement well with those we got from DQ^2RM, thus the validity for this phenomenologically model are demonstrated.Comment: 19 page, RevTex, 5 figures in postscrip

Transport through the intertube link between two parallel carbon nanotubes

Quantum transport through the junction between two metallic carbon nanotubes connected by intertube links has been studied within the TB method and Landauer formula. It is found that the conductance oscillates with both of the coupling strength and length. The corresponding local density of states (LDOS) is clearly shown and can be used to explain the reason why there are such kinds of oscillations of the conductances, which should be noted in the design of nanotube-based devices.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Kinetic behavior of the general modifier mechanism of Botts and Morales with non-equilibrium binding

In this paper, we perform a complete analysis of the kinetic behavior of the general modifier mechanism of Botts and Morales in both equilibrium steady states and non-equilibrium steady states (NESS). Enlightened by the non-equilibrium theory of Markov chains, we introduce the net flux into discussion and acquire an expression of product rate in NESS, which has clear biophysical significance. Up till now, it is a general belief that being an activator or an inhibitor is an intrinsic property of the modifier. However, we reveal that this traditional point of view is based on the equilibrium assumption. A modifier may no longer be an overall activator or inhibitor when the reaction system is not in equilibrium. Based on the regulation of enzyme activity by the modifier concentration, we classify the kinetic behavior of the modifier into three categories, which are named hyperbolic behavior, bell-shaped behavior, and switching behavior, respectively. We show that the switching phenomenon, in which a modifier may convert between an activator and an inhibitor when the modifier concentration varies, occurs only in NESS. Effects of drugs on the Pgp ATPase activity, where drugs may convert from activators to inhibitors with the increase of the drug concentration, are taken as a typical example to demonstrate the occurrence of the switching phenomenon.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figure

Erdosteine prevents contrast-induced renal oxidative stress damage in mice

Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of erdosteine on contrast-induced renal oxidative stress in mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were injected intraperitoneally with contrast medium to establish an acute kidney injury model (AKI). Renal function, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were determined. Also, oxidative stress, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated. And the renal tissue structure was examined by light microscopy, while Western blot (WB) and Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the expressions of senescence-related factor, Nrf-2 and downstream antioxidant factor. Results: Erdosteine improved the renal structure of mice and significantly decreased serum BUN and SCr levels. In addition, erdosteine promoted the expression of antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, GPX1 and GPX3 in renal tissues, decreased the content of ROS, and inhibited the content of LDH and MDA in serum. Also, WB and RT-PCR results showed that erdosteine activated Nrf2 pathway, thereby alleviating contrast-induced renal injury. Conclusion: Erdosteine inhibits contrast-induced renal oxidative stress in mice and delays cell senescence by activating Nrf2 pathway. This will be of great significance in the treatment of contrast-induced nephropathy

Dyonic Reissner-Nordstrom Black Holes and Superradiant Stability

Black holes immersed in magnetic fields are believed to be important systems in astrophysics. One interesting topic on these systems is their superradiant stability property. In the present paper, we analytically obtain the superradiantly stable regime for the asymptotically flat dyonic Reissner-Nordstrom black holes with charged massive scalar perturbation. The effective potential experienced by the scalar perturbation in the dyonic black hole background is obtained and analyzed. It is found that the dyonic black hole is superradiantly stable in the regime $0<r_{-}/r_{+}<2/3$, where $r_\pm$ are the event horizons of the dyonic black hole. Compared with the purely electrically charged Reissner-Nordstrom black hole case, our result indicates that the additional coupling of the charged scalar perturbation with the magnetic field makes the black hole and scalar perturbation system more superradiantly unstable, which provides further evidence on the instability induced by magnetic field in black hole superradiance process

Two NHX-type transporters from Helianthus tuberosus improve the tolerance of rice to salinity and nutrient deficiency stress.

The NHX-type cation/H+ transporters in plants have been shown to mediate Na+ (K+ )/H+ exchange for salinity tolerance and K+ homoeostasis. In this study, we identified and characterized two NHX homologues, HtNHX1 and HtNHX2 from an infertile and salinity tolerant species Helianthus tuberosus (cv. Nanyu No. 1). HtNHX1 and HtNHX2 share identical 5'- and 3'-UTR and coding regions, except for a 342-bp segment encoding 114 amino acids (L272 to Q385 ) which is absent in HtNHX2. Both hydroponics and soil culture experiments showed that the expression of HtNHX1 or HtNHX2 improved the rice tolerance to salinity. Expression of HtNHX2, but not HtNHX1, increased rice grain yield, harvest index, total nutrient uptake under K+ -limited salt-stress or general nutrient deficiency conditions. The results provide a novel insight into NHX function in plant mineral nutrition

Memory-Efficient Optical Flow via Radius-Distribution Orthogonal Cost Volume

The full 4D cost volume in Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms (RAFT) or global matching by Transformer achieves impressive performance for optical flow estimation. However, their memory consumption increases quadratically with input resolution, rendering them impractical for high-resolution images. In this paper, we present MeFlow, a novel memory-efficient method for high-resolution optical flow estimation. The key of MeFlow is a recurrent local orthogonal cost volume representation, which decomposes the 2D search space dynamically into two 1D orthogonal spaces, enabling our method to scale effectively to very high-resolution inputs. To preserve essential information in the orthogonal space, we utilize self attention to propagate feature information from the 2D space to the orthogonal space. We further propose a radius-distribution multi-scale lookup strategy to model the correspondences of large displacements at a negligible cost. We verify the efficiency and effectiveness of our method on the challenging Sintel and KITTI benchmarks, and real-world 4K ($2160\!\times\!3840$) images. Our method achieves competitive performance on both Sintel and KITTI benchmarks, while maintaining the highest memory efficiency on high-resolution inputs.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure

Efficient hydrolysis of raw starch and ethanol fermentation: a novel raw starch-digesting glucoamylase from Penicillium oxalicum

Additional file 3: Figure S2. SDS-PAGE analysis of the recombinant rPoGA15A and native PoGA15A. Lane 1, protein molecular weight marker; lane 2, the purified recombinant rPoGA15A; lane 3, the native PoGA15A