16,256 research outputs found
Charge trapping and detrapping in polymeric materials
Space charge formation in polymeric materials can cause some serious concern for design engineers as the electric field may severely be distorted, leading to part of the material being overstressed. At the worst, this may result in material degradation and possibly premature failure. It is therefore important to understand charge generation, trapping, and detrapping processes in the material. In the present paper, the characteristics of charge trapping and detrapping in low density polyethylene under dc electric field have been investigated using the pulsed electroacoustic technique. It has been found that the charge decay shows very different characteristics for the sample with different periods of electric field application. To explain the results a simple trapping and detrapping model based on two trapping levels has been proposed. Qualitative analysis revealed the similar features to those observed experimentally
On Conflict of Human Rights
[Excerpt] “This article supports Gewirth’s view: that is, the reason why utilitarian values such as national security, public safety, public order, public health, and public morality may outweigh human rights is that they contain human rights elements. Thus, as a rule, whenever human rights clash with nonrights value considerations, we should analyze whether they contain human rights elements. If they do, they may override human rights that conflict with them. If they do not, they cannot.
Theoretical study on dispersion compensation in air-core Bragg fibers
In a previous paper we developed a matrix theory that applies to any cylindrically symmetric fiber surrounded by Bragg cladding. Using this formalism, along with Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations, we study the waveguide dispersion for the m = 1 mode in an air-core Bragg fiber and showed it is possible to achieve very large negative dispersion values (~ -20,000 ps/(nm.km)) with significantly reduced absorption loss and non-linear effects
Comparative study of air-core and coaxial Bragg fibers: single-mode transmission and dispersion characteristics
Using an asymptotic formalism we developed in an earlier paper, we compare the dispersion properties of the air-core Bragg fiber with those of the coaxial Bragg fiber. In particular we are interested in the way the inner core of the coaxial fiber influence the dispersion relation. It is shown that, given appropriate structural parameters, large single-mode frequency windows with a zero-dispersion point can be achieved for the TM mode in coaxial fibers. We provide an intuitive interpretation based on perturbation analysis and the results of our asymptotic calculations are confirmed by Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations
Improved minimax predictive densities under Kullback--Leibler loss
Let and be
independent p-dimensional multivariate normal vectors with common unknown mean
. Based on only observing , we consider the problem of obtaining a
predictive density for that is close to as
measured by expected Kullback--Leibler loss. A natural procedure for this
problem is the (formal) Bayes predictive density
under the uniform prior , which is best
invariant and minimax. We show that any Bayes predictive density will be
minimax if it is obtained by a prior yielding a marginal that is superharmonic
or whose square root is superharmonic. This yields wide classes of minimax
procedures that dominate , including Bayes
predictive densities under superharmonic priors. Fundamental similarities and
differences with the parallel theory of estimating a multivariate normal mean
under quadratic loss are described.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000155 in the
Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of
Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Admissible predictive density estimation
Let and be independent
-dimensional multivariate normal vectors with common unknown mean .
Based on observing , we consider the problem of estimating the true
predictive density of under expected Kullback--Leibler loss. Our
focus here is the characterization of admissible procedures for this problem.
We show that the class of all generalized Bayes rules is a complete class, and
that the easily interpretable conditions of Brown and Hwang [Statistical
Decision Theory and Related Topics (1982) III 205--230] are sufficient for a
formal Bayes rule to be admissible.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOS506 the Annals of
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Structure of the copper tripodal Schiff base complex {tris[4-(2-thienyl)-3-aza-κN-3-butenyl]amine-κN}copper(I) tetrafluoroborate
The copper Schiff base complex {tris[4-(2-thienyl)-3-
aza-~N-3-butenyl]amine-~N} copper(I) tetrafluoroborate,
[Cu{N(CTHgNS)3 }]+.BF4- (I), crystallizes with the cation
residing in a general position and two disordered tetrafluoroborate
anions residing on twofold axes. The cation
has approximate threefold symmetry and the copper(I)
geometry is distorted trigonal pyramidal with coordination
from the apical tertiary amine N atom and the three
azomethine N atoms but not from the S atoms of the three
thiophene moieties. The principal bond lengths are Cu--
Napical 2.300 (5) ,~ and mean Cu--Nequatorial 1.994 (4) A,,
with a mean Cu-..S contact of 3.270 (2) A
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