Another push during urban developmeents: how to coordinate diverse patterns during developing of urban fringe areas

With the rapid developments of urbanization in China and the effluence of urban functions, most of the city borders have become very poor and behind in developments, who have lost characters of rural areas in one hand and onn the other hand not belong to urban area. Based on a large number of literature reading and field research years ago, this paper choose Zhuantang (an urban border in Hangzhou) as a area for case study. After China Academy of Art moved to Zhuantang, the existence of this special pushing (the college) and the town’s diversified developments, lead to a transformation of the urban morphology of Zhuantang. Generalizing the developmental model and strategy adopted by Zhuantang provides references to the sustainable development in urban borders.Peer Reviewe

Design Thinking: A Model Development Based On Archived Documents

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Using Time Deformation to Filter Nonstationary Time Series with Multiple Time-Frequency Structures

For nonstationary time series consisting of multiple time-varying frequency (TVF) components where the frequency of components overlaps in time, classical linear filters fail to extract components. The G-filter based on time deformation has been developed to extract components of multicomponent G-stationary processes. In this paper, we explore the wide application of the G-filter for filtering different types of nonstationary processes with multiple time-frequency structure. Simulation examples illustrate that the G-filter can be applied to filter a broad range of multicomponent nonstationary process where TVF components may in fact overlap in time

Decoupled measurement and modeling of interface reaction kinetics of ion-intercalation battery electrodes

Ultrahigh rate performance of active particles used in lithium-ion battery electrodes has been revealed by single-particle measurements, which indicates a huge potential for developing high-power batteries. However, the charging/discharging behaviors of single particles at ultrahigh C-rates can no longer be described by the traditional electrochemical kinetics in such ion-intercalation active materials. In the meantime, regular kinetic measuring methods meet a challenge due to the coupling of interface reaction and solid-state diffusion processes of active particles. Here, we decouple the reaction and diffusion kinetics via time-resolved potential measurements with an interval of 1 ms, revealing that the classical Butler-Volmer equation deviates from the actual relation between current density, overpotential, and Li+ concentration. An interface ion-intercalation model is developed which considers the excess driving force of Li+ (de)intercalation in the charge transfer reaction for ion-intercalation materials. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed model enables accurate prediction of charging/discharging at both single-particle and electrode scales for various active materials. The kinetic limitation processes from single particles to composite electrodes are systematically revealed, promoting rational designs of high-power batteries

Serum lactate dehydrogenase activities as systems biomarkers for 48 types of human diseases

Most human diseases are systems diseases, and systems biomarkers are better fitted for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment monitoring purposes. To search for systems biomarker candidates, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a housekeeping protein expressed in all living cells, was investigated. To this end, we analyzed the serum LDH activities from 172,933 patients with 48 clinically defined diseases and 9528 healthy individuals. Based on the median values, we found that 46 out of 48 diseases, leading by acute myocardial infarction, had significantly increased (p  0.8) for hepatic encephalopathy and lung fibrosis

G-Filtering Nonstationary Time Series

The classical linear filter can successfully filter the components from a time series for which the frequency content does not change with time, and those nonstationary time series with time-varying frequency (TVF) components that do not overlap. However, for many types of nonstationary time series, the TVF components often overlap in time. In such a situation, the classical linear filtering method fails to extract components from the original process. In this paper, we introduce and theoretically develop the G-filter based on a time-deformation technique. Simulation examples and a real bat echolocation example illustrate that the G-filter can successfully filter a G-stationary process whose TVF components overlap with time