17,098 research outputs found
Non-linear amplification of small spin precession using long range dipolar interactions
In measurements of small signals using spin precession the precession angle
usually grows linearly in time. We show that non-linear interactions between
particles can lead to an exponentially growing spin precession angle, resulting
in an amplification of small signals and raising them above the noise level of
a detection system. We demonstrate amplification by a factor of greater than 8
of a spin precession signal due to a small magnetic field gradient in a
spherical cell filled with hyperpolarized liquid Xe. This technique can
improve the sensitivity in many measurements that are limited by the noise of
the detection system, rather then the fundamental spin-projection noise.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Localized Asymmetric Atomic Matter Waves in Two-Component Bose-Einstein Condensates Coupled with Two Photon Microwave Field
We investigate localized atomic matter waves in two-component Bose-Einstein
condensates coupled by the two photon microwave field. Interestingly, the
oscillations of localized atomic matter waves will gradually decay and finally
become non-oscillating behavior even if existing coupling field. In particular,
atom numbers occupied in two different hyperfine spin states will appear
asymmetric occupations after some time evolution.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Exchange Field-Mediated Magnetoresistance in the Correlated Insulator Phase of Be Films
We present a study of the proximity effect between a ferromagnet and a
paramagnetic metal of varying disorder. Thin beryllium films are deposited onto
a 5 nm-thick layer of the ferromagnetic insulator EuS. This bilayer arrangement
induces an exchange field, , of a few tesla in low resistance Be films
with sheet resistance , where is the quantum resistance.
We show that survives in very high resistance films and, in fact,
appears to be relatively insensitive to the Be disorder. We exploit this fact
to produce a giant low-field magnetoresistance in the correlated insulator
phase of Be films with .Comment: To be published in Physical Review Letter
Anomalous particle-number fluctuations in a three-dimensional interacting Bose-Einstein condensate
The particle-number fluctuations originated from collective excitations are
investigated for a three-dimensional, repulsively interacting Bose-Einstein
condensate (BEC) confined in a harmonic trap. The contribution due to the
quantum depletion of the condensate is calculated and the explicit expression
of the coefficient in the formulas denoting the particle-number fluctuations is
given. The results show that the particle-number fluctuations of the condensate
follow the law and the fluctuations vanish when
temperature approaches to the BEC critical temperature.Comment: RevTex, 4 page
Inverse Magnetoresistance of Molecular Junctions
We present calculations of spin-dependent electron transport through single
organic molecules bridging pairs of iron nanocontacts. We predict the
magnetoresistance of these systems to switch from positive to negative with
increasing applied bias for both conducting and insulating molecules. This
novel inverse magnetoresistance phenomenon is robust, does not depend on the
presence of impurities, and is unique to molecular and atomic nanoscale
magnetic junctions. Its physical origin is identified and its relevance to
experiment and to potential technological applications is discussed.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures; published version Phys. Rev.
Theoretical evidence for the superluminality of evanescent modes
Though both theoretical and experimental investigations have revealed the
superluminal behavior of evanescent electromagnetic waves, there are many
disputes about the physical meaning and validity of such superluminal
phenomenon, which is due to the fact that the traditional investigations are
based on the theory of tunneling time, and concerned with the problem of what
the group velocity of evanescent waves means. In this paper, by studying the
quantum probability amplitude for photons to propagate over a spacelike
interval along an undersized waveguide, we present theoretical evidence for
such superluminality
Atomic Parity Non-Conservation, Neutron Radii, and Effective Field Theories of Nuclei
Accurately calibrated effective field theories are used to compute atomic
parity non-conserving (APNC) observables. Although accurately calibrated, these
effective field theories predict a large spread in the neutron skin of heavy
nuclei. While the neutron skin is strongly correlated to a large number of
physical observables, in this contribution we focus on its impact on new
physics through APNC observables. The addition of an isoscalar-isovector
coupling constant to the effective Lagrangian generates a wide range of values
for the neutron skin of heavy nuclei without compromising the success of the
model in reproducing well constrained nuclear observables. Earlier studies have
suggested that the use of isotopic ratios of APNC observables may eliminate
their sensitivity to atomic structure. This leaves nuclear structure
uncertainties as the main impediment for identifying physics beyond the
standard model. We establish that uncertainties in the neutron skin of heavy
nuclei are at present too large to measure isotopic ratios to better than the
0.1% accuracy required to test the standard model. However, we argue that such
uncertainties will be significantly reduced by the upcoming measurement of the
neutron radius in 208Pb at the Jefferson Laboratory.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, revtex4; one figure adde
Mystery of Excess Low Energy States in a Disordered Superconductor in a Zeeman Field
Tunneling density of states measurements of disordered superconducting (SC)
Al films in high Zeeman fields reveal a significant population of subgap states
which cannot be explained by standard BCS theory. We provide a natural
explanation of these excess states in terms of a novel disordered
Larkin-Ovchinnikov (dLO) phase that occurs near the spin-paramagnetic
transition at the Chandrasekhar-Clogston critical field. The dLO superconductor
is characterized by a pairing amplitude that changes sign at domain walls.
These domain walls carry magnetization and support Andreev bound states, which
lead to distinct spectral signatures at low energy.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary section describing methods (2
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