An Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of University Students’ Sense of Gain in Ideological and Political Theory Course -- Take the Course of “Ideological and Moral Cultivation and Legal Basis”as An Example

The self-made questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 1000 undergraduates, the result of data analysis shows that the “Mechanism model of influencing factors on university students’ ‘Basic Course’  gain” proposed in this paper can partly explain the influence of personal, family, school and social factors on college students’ “Basic Course” acquisition; The factors of family, school and society are the external factors which affect the students’ sense of gain of“Basic Course”, and the personal factors are the internal factors which affect the students’ sense of gain of “Basic Course”; External factors act through internal factors. Based on that, this paper puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to enhance the sense of gain of university students’“Basic courses”

Simultaneous improvement of heating efficiency and mechanical strength of a self-healing thermoplastic polymer by hybridizing magnetic particles with conductive fibres

Radio-Frequency (RF) induction heating is a versatile in-situ method for contactless heating of structures by utilizing either magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy-current loss mechanism. Achieving high heating efficiency without degrading mechanical properties is a major challenge. Herein, a RF induction compatible self-healing composite was developed by hybridizing iron oxides (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with carbon fibre veils (CFVs) in poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA), which could possess both high magnetic and electrical properties. Owing to the multiscale conductive networks built by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and CFVs, the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite was found to be higher than the linear combination of the individual contributions, thus creating a synergistic improvement in electrical conductivity and heating efficiency. Furthermore, single lap shear test results demonstrated that the combination of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and CFVs could significantly improve the bonding strength of EMAA polymer. Therefore, the hybridization of magnetic particles with conductive fibres offers a promising technology for a wide range of applications, such as self-healing, reversable bonding, and multiple use bonded composites

In-situ aligning magnetic nanoparticles in thermoplastic adhesives for contactless rapid joining of composite structures

Magnetic nanoparticles of high magnetic susceptibility, such as magnetite (Fe3O4), have been used for wireless heating of adhesives and composites through the magnetic hysteresis loss mechanism, but the high concentrations of nanoparticles needed to meet heating performance targets can degrade mechanical properties. Herein, we present an in-situ aligning method to enhance the heating efficiency of magnetite nanoparticles in a nylon thermoplastic matrix without adversely affecting its mechanical strength. A composite adhesive was made by dispersing Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a nylon matrix followed by hot melting. Experimental results show that by subjecting the adhesive to an alternating magnetic field during the hot-melt process, its heating rate can be improved by 200% compared to that without applying the magnetic field. The improvement in the heating performance has been identified to stem from the alignment of the ease axis of the magnetic nanoparticles. This in-situ aligning technique enables better induction heating performance with the same amount of Fe3O4 nanoparticles, avoiding the agglomeration problem of high nanoparticle concentrations. Moreover, this technique makes it possible to develop high-performance self-heating thermoplastic adhesive for reversible bonding and self-healing solution with a wide range of applications, such as bonding and debonding of composites, temporary attachment of systems, and recyclable bonded structures

Synergistically enhancing the electrical conductivity of carbon fibre reinforced polymers by vertical graphene and silver nanowires

Increasing the electrical conductivity of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) holds great promises for a range of applications, such as removing the need for metallic meshes in the protection against electromagnetic interference and lightning strikes. Herein, a hybrid method of improving the electrical conductivity of CFRPs by functionalizing carbon fibres with vertical graphene (VG) and modifying the matrix with silver nanowires (AgNWs) is introduced. The results revealed that the hybrid method increased the through-thickness and the in-plane electrical conductivities by almost 38 times and 39%, respectively, without adversely affecting mechanical properties. Finite element modelling revealed that the unprecedented synergy is due to the significant reduction in the contact resistance between carbon fibres by the combination of VGs on the fibres and the AgNWs in the matrix. Computational modelling showed that the electrical conductivity increase can reduce the joule heat density by around one thousand times under simplified lightning strike conditions

Sequence features and chromatin structure around the genomic regions bound by 119 human transcription factors

Chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) has become the dominant technique for mapping transcription factor (TF) binding regions genome-wide. We performed an integrative analysis centered around 457 ChIP-seq data sets on 119 human TFs generated by the ENCODE Consortium. We identified highly enriched sequence motifs in most data sets, revealing new motifs and validating known ones. The motif sites (TF binding sites) are highly conserved evolutionarily and show distinct footprints upon DNase I digestion. We frequently detected secondary motifs in addition to the canonical motifs of the TFs, indicating tethered binding and cobinding between multiple TFs. We observed significant position and orientation preferences between many cobinding TFs. Genes specifically expressed in a cell line are often associated with a greater occurrence of nearby TF binding in that cell line. We observed cell-line-specific secondary motifs that mediate the binding of the histone deacetylase HDAC2 and the enhancer-binding protein EP300. TF binding sites are located in GC-rich, nucleosome-depleted, and DNase I sensitive regions, flanked by well-positioned nucleosomes, and many of these features show cell type specificity. The GC-richness may be beneficial for regulating TF binding because, when unoccupied by a TF, these regions are occupied by nucleosomes in vivo. We present the results of our analysis in a TF-centric web repository Factorbook (http://factorbook.org) and will continually update this repository as more ENCODE data are generated

SR-POD : sample rotation based on principal-axis orientation distribution for data augmentation in deep object detection

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have outperformed most state-of-the-art methods in object detection. However, CNNs suffer the difficulty of detecting objects with rotation, because the dataset used to train the CCNs often does not contain sufficient samples with various angles of orientation. In this paper, we propose a novel data-augmentation approach to handle samples with rotation, which utilizes the distribution of the object's orientation without the time-consuming process of rotating the sample images. Firstly, we present an orientation descriptor, named as "principal-axis orientation" to describe the orientation of the object's principal axis in an image and estimate the distribution of objects’ principal-axis orientations (PODs) of the whole dataset. Secondly, we define a similarity metric to calculate the POD similarity between the training set and an additional dataset, which is built by randomly selecting images from the benchmark ImageNet ILSVRC2012 dataset. Finally, we optimize a cost function to obtain an optimal rotation angle, which indicates the highest POD similarity between the two aforementioned data sets. In order to evaluate our data augmentation method for object detection, experiments, conducted on the benchmark PASCAL VOC2007 dataset, show that with the training set augmented using our method, the average precision (AP) of the Faster RCNN in the TV-monitor is improved by 7.5%. In addition, our experimental results also demonstrate that new samples generated by random rotation are more likely to result in poor performance of object detection

Shape Memory Polymers with Multifaceted Tunability and Bio-specificity

Shape memory polymers (SMP) have been of great interest in biomedical applications due to their unique ability to recover a primary shape by external actuation. Shape memory polyurethanes (SMPU) have also been widely studied as implant biomaterials, benefiting from the opportunity to create dual-shape, compliant, and durable materials. However, SMPU still suffer from the lack of mechanical properties and a failure to tune their biological interface prior to implantation. In this study, SMPU and carbon fibre (CF) reinforced composites for implantable biomaterials were developed, and their mechanical properties and biocompatibility were comprehensively characterised. The addition of CF in SMPU shows the improved mechanical properties, and CF in CF/SMPU played a reinforcement or resistance role in shape memory recovery rate above or below Tg, while the shape recovery force of CF/SMPU was enhanced significantly. PIII surface modification improved the wettability of SMPU and other surface properties, without affecting bulk properties. PIII treatment duration determined the degree of surface changes, and the SMPU surface with PIII treatment for 200 seconds resulted in a saturated level of covalently immobilised collagen. Implanted SMPU45 with PIII treatment and collagen coating shows good performance in biocompatibility. The results of histology and immunohistochemistry showed less acute and subacute immune response to PIII treated + collagen coated SMPU45 than the mock treated ones, suggesting a better wound healing ability. It has been demonstrated that SMPU45 is a promising biomaterial with functional properties of shape memory effect. Applying the PIII surface modification combined with protein attachment enables SMPU45 to improve host compatibility by minimizing biological limitations, and will enhance the performance of SMPU devices for various implant biomedical applications in the future

Techniques de correction des imperfections de la chaine RF pour les formes d'ondes multiporteuses post 5G

Fundamental research towards beyond 5G cellular networks is ongoing and the vision of 2020 and beyond includes a significant amount use cases considering a massive number of devices with a wide range of characteristics and demands. On the one hand, the good spectral efficiency gives more capacity for the transmission while on the other hand, building compact and low-cost flexible and high-quality radio equipment is a very challenging task. The context of this thesis is the study of massive MIMO techniques with the presence of radio frequency (RF) imperfections, in particular, the non-linear (NL) power amplifiers (PA). The large number of PAs equipped in the base station (BS) creates various constraints which lead to strong degradation of the transmission quality both in the band and out of band. On the other hand, 5G standardization introduced the concept of different numerologies together with the massive MIMO technique. The influence of the different numerologies used by the different users will also be studied in this thesis.La recherche fondamentale vers les réseaux cellulaires au-delà de la 5G est en cours et la vision de 2020 et au-delà comprend un nombre important de cas d'utilisation comptenu d'un grand nombre d'appareils avec un large éventail de caractéristiques et de demandes. D'une part, la bonne efficacité spectrale donne plus de capacité pour la transmission tandis que d'autre part, la construction d'équipements radio compacts et peu coûteux, flexibles et de haute qualité est une tâche très difficile. Le contexte des travaux de cette thèse est l'étude des techniques de type massive MIMO en présence d'imperfections RF, notamment celles apportées par les amplificateurs de puissance (PA) non linéaires (NL). Le nombre important de PA dans une station de base de type massive-MIMO crée différentes contraintes et les résultat de ces contraintes entraine fortes dégradation des signaux émis tant dans la bande que hors bande. D'autre part, la normalisation 5G a introduit le concept de différentes numérologies conjointement à la technique massive MIMO. L'influence des différentes numérologies utilisées par les différents utilisateurs sera aussi étudiée dans cette thèse

Techniques de correction des imperfections de la chaine RF pour les formes d'ondes multiporteuses post 5G

Fundamental research towards beyond 5G cellular networks is ongoing and the vision of 2020 and beyond includes a significant amount use cases considering a massive number of devices with a wide range of characteristics and demands. On the one hand, the good spectral efficiency gives more capacity for the transmission while on the other hand, building compact and low-cost flexible and high-quality radio equipment is a very challenging task. The context of this thesis is the study of massive MIMO techniques with the presence of radio frequency (RF) imperfections, in particular, the non-linear (NL) power amplifiers (PA). The large number of PAs equipped in the base station (BS) creates various constraints which lead to strong degradation of the transmission quality both in the band and out of band. On the other hand, 5G standardization introduced the concept of different numerologies together with the massive MIMO technique. The influence of the different numerologies used by the different users will also be studied in this thesis.La recherche fondamentale vers les réseaux cellulaires au-delà de la 5G est en cours et la vision de 2020 et au-delà comprend un nombre important de cas d'utilisation comptenu d'un grand nombre d'appareils avec un large éventail de caractéristiques et de demandes. D'une part, la bonne efficacité spectrale donne plus de capacité pour la transmission tandis que d'autre part, la construction d'équipements radio compacts et peu coûteux, flexibles et de haute qualité est une tâche très difficile. Le contexte des travaux de cette thèse est l'étude des techniques de type massive MIMO en présence d'imperfections RF, notamment celles apportées par les amplificateurs de puissance (PA) non linéaires (NL). Le nombre important de PA dans une station de base de type massive-MIMO crée différentes contraintes et les résultat de ces contraintes entraine fortes dégradation des signaux émis tant dans la bande que hors bande. D'autre part, la normalisation 5G a introduit le concept de différentes numérologies conjointement à la technique massive MIMO. L'influence des différentes numérologies utilisées par les différents utilisateurs sera aussi étudiée dans cette thèse