Direct CP violation in τ±→K±ρ0(ω)ντ→K±π+π−ντ\tau^\pm\rightarrow K^\pm \rho^0 (\omega)\nu_\tau \rightarrow K^\pm \pi^+\pi^-\nu_\tau

We study the direct CP violation in the $\tau^\pm\rightarrow K^\pm \rho^0 (\omega)\nu_\tau \rightarrow K^\pm \pi^+\pi^-\nu_\tau$ decay process in the Standard Model. An interesting mechanism involving the charge symmetry violating mixing between $\rho^0$ and $\omega$ is applied to enlarge the CP asymmetry. With this mechanism, the maximum differential and localized integrated CP asymmetries can reach $-(5.6^{+2.9}_{-1.7})\times10^{-12}$ and $6.3^{+2.4}_{-3.3}\times 10^{-11}$, respectively, which still leave plenty room for CP-violating New Physics to be discovered through this process

On the seasonal variations of ocean bottom pressure in the world oceans

© The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Cheng, X., Ou, N., Chen, J., & Huang, R. X. On the seasonal variations of ocean bottom pressure in the world oceans. Geoscience Letters, 8(1), (2021): 29, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40562-021-00199-3.Seasonal variability of the ocean bottom pressure (OBP) in the world oceans is investigated using 15 years of GRACE observations and a Pressure Coordinate Ocean Model (PCOM). In boreal winter, negative OBP anomalies appear in the northern North Pacific, subtropical South Pacific and north of 40 °S in the Indian Ocean, while OBP anomaly in the Southern Ocean is positive. The summer pattern is opposite to that in winter. The centers of positive (negative) OBP signals have a good coherence with the mass convergence/divergence due to Ekman transport, indicating the importance of wind forcing. The PCOM model reproduces the observed OBP quite well. Sensitivity experiments indicate that wind forcing dominates the regional OBP seasonal variations, while the contributions due to heat flux and freshwater flux are unimportant. Experiments with daily sea level pressure (SLP) forcing suggest that at high frequencies the non-static effect of SLP is not negligible.This research was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFA0605702), Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 41522601, 41876002, 41876224)

Decouple knowledge from paramters for plug-and-play language modeling

Pre-trained language models(PLM) have made impressive results in various NLP tasks. It has been revealed that one of the key factors to their success is the parameters of these models implicitly learn all kinds of knowledge during pre-training. However, encoding knowledge implicitly in the model parameters has two fundamental drawbacks. First, the knowledge is neither editable nor scalable once the model is trained, which is especially problematic in that knowledge is consistently evolving. Second, it lacks interpretability and prevents humans from understanding which knowledge PLM requires for a certain problem. In this paper, we introduce PlugLM, a pre-training model with differentiable plug-in memory(DPM). The key intuition is to decouple the knowledge storage from model parameters with an editable and scalable key-value memory and leverage knowledge in an explainable manner by knowledge retrieval in the DPM. To justify this design choice, we conduct evaluations in three settings including: (1) domain adaptation. PlugLM obtains 3.95 F1 improvements across four domains on average without any in-domain pre-training. (2) knowledge update. PlugLM could absorb new knowledge in a training-free way after pre-training is done. (3) in-task knowledge learning. PlugLM could be further improved by incorporating training samples into DPM with knowledge prompting.Comment: ACL2023 Finding

Mass-induced sea level change in the northwestern North Pacific and its contribution to total sea level change

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2013. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 40 (2013): 3975–3980, doi:10.1002/grl.50748.Over the period 2003–2011, the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite pair revealed a remarkable variability in mass-induced sea surface height (MSSH) in the northwestern North Pacific. A significant correlation is found between MSSH and observed total sea surface height (SSH), indicative of the importance of barotropic variability in this region. For the period 2003–2011, MSSH rose at a rate of 6.1 ± 0.7 mm/yr, which has a significant contribution to the SSH rise (8.3 ± 0.7 mm/yr). Analysis of the barotropic vorticity equation based on National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis product, GRACE, and altimetry data suggests that the MSSH signal is primarily caused by negative wind stress curl associated with an anomalous anticyclonic atmospheric circulation. Regression analysis indicates that trends in MSSH and surface wind are related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, whose index had a decreasing trend in the last decade.This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2010CB950303 and 2012CB955603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41176023, 41276108, and 41006006). X.H.C. is also sponsored by “Youth Innovation Promotion Association,” CAS (SQ201204, LTOZZ1202).2014-02-0

Text Mining-Based Patent Analysis for Automated Rule Checking in AEC

Automated rule checking (ARC), which is expected to promote the efficiency of the compliance checking process in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, is gaining increasing attention. Throwing light on the ARC application hotspots and forecasting its trends are useful to the related research and drive innovations. Therefore, this study takes the patents from the database of the Derwent Innovations Index database (DII) and China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) as data sources and then carried out a three-step analysis including (1) quantitative characteristics (i.e., annual distribution analysis) of patents, (2) identification of ARC topics using a latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and, (3) SNA-based co-occurrence analysis of ARC topics. The results show that the research hotspots and trends of Chinese and English patents are different. The contributions of this study have three aspects: (1) an approach to a comprehensive analysis of patents by integrating multiple text mining methods (i.e., SNA and LDA) is introduced ; (2) the application hotspots and development trends of ARC are reviewed based on patent analysis; and (3) a signpost for technological development and innovation of ARC is provided

Measuring the boundary gapless state and criticality via disorder operator

The disorder operator is often designed to reveal the conformal field theory (CFT) information in the quantum many-body system. By using large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulation, we study the scaling behavior of disorder operator on the boundary in the two-dimensional Heisenberg model on the square-octagon lattice with gapless topological edge state. In the Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) phase, the disorder operator is shown to hold the perimeter scaling with a logarithmic term associated with the Luttinger Liquid parameter K. This effective Luttinger Liquid parameter K reflects the low energy physics and CFT for (1+1)d boundary. At bulk critical point, the effective K is suppressed but keep finite value, indicating the coupling between the gapless edge state and bulk fluctuation. The logarithmic term numerically capture this coupling picture, which reveals the (1+1)d SU(2)_1 CFT and (2+1)d O(3) CFT at boundary criticality. Our work paves a new way to study the exotic boundary state and boundary criticality.Comment: 8 Pages,7 figure

Belamcanda chinensis (l.) Dc: Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistryand pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine

Background: Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC (Iridaceae), a widely used traditional Chinese medicine known as She Gan (Chinese: 射干), is a flowering perennial herb native to East Asia. For thousands of years in China, the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis has been used to treat inflammation, oxyhepatitis, mumps, acute mastitis, and asthma, as well as throat disorders such as cough, tonsillitis and pharyngitis. Belamcanda chinensis is now listed in the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. The present paper reviews the advancements in the investigation of botany, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Belamcanda chinensis.Materials and Methods: Information on Belamcanda chinensis was collected from scientific journals, books, theses and reports via library and electronic search (PubMed, CNKI, Elsevier, ACS, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar,Web of Science and Science Direct).Results: A number of chemical compounds have been isolated from Belamcanda chinensis, and the major isolated compounds have been identified as isoflavonoids, flavonoids and iridal-type triterpenoids. Among these active compounds, the effects of tectoridin and tectorigenin have been widely investigated. The primary active components in Belamcanda chinensis possess a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, anti-alcohol injury, cardiovascular and oestrogenic activities.Conclusions: As an important traditional Chinese medicine, Belamcanda chinensis has been demonstrated to have marked bioactivity, especially in the respiratory system and as an oestrogenic and hepatoprotective agent. This activity is related to its traditional use and provides opportunities for the development of novel drugs and therapeutic products for various diseases. However, the toxicity of Belamcanda chinensis will require further study, and more attention should be devoted to its better utilization.Keywords: Belamcanda chinensis; Ethnopharmacology; Phytochemistry; Pharmacology; Toxicolog