11 research outputs found
BAYHENN: Combining Bayesian Deep Learning and Homomorphic Encryption for Secure DNN Inference
Recently, deep learning as a service (DLaaS) has emerged as a promising way
to facilitate the employment of deep neural networks (DNNs) for various
purposes. However, using DLaaS also causes potential privacy leakage from both
clients and cloud servers. This privacy issue has fueled the research interests
on the privacy-preserving inference of DNN models in the cloud service. In this
paper, we present a practical solution named BAYHENN for secure DNN inference.
It can protect both the client's privacy and server's privacy at the same time.
The key strategy of our solution is to combine homomorphic encryption and
Bayesian neural networks. Specifically, we use homomorphic encryption to
protect a client's raw data and use Bayesian neural networks to protect the DNN
weights in a cloud server. To verify the effectiveness of our solution, we
conduct experiments on MNIST and a real-life clinical dataset. Our solution
achieves consistent latency decreases on both tasks. In particular, our method
can outperform the best existing method (GAZELLE) by about 5x, in terms of
end-to-end latency.Comment: accepted by IJCAI 2019; camera read
Grand-canonical Monte-Carlo simulation methods for charge-decorated cluster expansions
Monte-Carlo sampling of lattice model Hamiltonians is a well-established
technique in statistical mechanics for studying the configurational entropy of
crystalline materials. When species to be distributed on the lattice model
carry charge, the charge balance constraint on the overall system prohibits
single-site Metropolis exchanges in MC. In this article, we propose two methods
to perform MC sampling in the grand-canonical ensemble in the presence of a
charge-balance constraint. The table-exchange method (TE) constructs small
charge-conserving excitations, and the square-charge bias method (SCB) allows
the system to temporarily drift away from charge neutrality. We illustrate the
effect of internal hyper-parameters on the efficiency of these algorithms and
suggest practical strategies on how to apply these algorithms to real
applications
Practical Delegatable Attribute-Based Anonymous Credentials with Chainable Revocation
Delegatable Anonymous Credentials (DAC) are an enhanced Anonymous Credentials (AC) system that allows credential owners to use credentials anonymously, as well as anonymously delegate them to other users. In this work, we introduce a new concept called Delegatable Attribute-based Anonymous Credentials with Chainable Revocation (DAAC-CR), which extends the functionality of DAC by allowing 1) fine-grained attribute delegation, 2) issuers to restrict the delegation capabilities of the delegated users at a fine-grained level, including the depth of delegation and the sets of delegable attributes, and 3) chainable revocation, meaning if a credential within the delegation chain is revoked, all subsequent credentials derived from it are also invalid.
We provide a practical DAAC-CR instance based on a novel primitive that we identify as structure-preserving signatures on equivalence classes on vector commitments (SPSEQ-VC). This primitive may be of independent interest, and we detail an efficient construction. Compared to traditional DAC systems that rely on non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proofs, the credential size in our DAAC-CR instance is constant, independent of the length of delegation chain and the number of attributes. We formally prove the security of our scheme in the generic group model and demonstrate its practicality through performance benchmarks
Modeling intercalation chemistry with multi-redox reactions by sparse lattice models in disordered rocksalt cathodes
Modern battery materials can contain many elements with substantial site
disorder, and their configurational state has been shown to be critical for
their performance. The intercalation voltage profile is a critical parameter to
evaluate the performance of energy storage. The application of commonly used
cluster expansion techniques to model the intercalation thermodynamics of such
systems from \textit{ab-initio} is challenged by the combinatorial increase in
configurational degrees of freedom as the number of species grows. Such
challenges necessitate efficient generation of lattice models without
over-fitting and proper sampling of the configurational space under charge
balance in ionic systems. In this work, we introduce a combined approach that
addresses these challenges by (1) constructing a robust cluster-expansion
Hamiltonian using the sparse regression technique, including
-norm regularization and structural hierarchy; and (2)
implementing semigrand-canonical Monte Carlo to sample charge-balanced ionic
configurations using the table-exchange method and an ensemble-average
approach. These techniques are applied to a disordered rocksalt oxyfluoride
LiMnNbOF (LMNOF) which is part of a
family of promising earth-abundant cathode materials. The simulated voltage
profile is found to be in good agreement with experimental data and
particularly provides a clear demonstration of the Mn and oxygen contribution
to the redox potential as a function of Li content
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Cluster expansions of multicomponent ionic materials: Formalism and methodology
The cluster expansion (CE) method has seen continuous and increasing use in the study of configuration-dependent properties of crystalline materials. The original development of the CE method along with the underlying mathematical formalism and assumptions was focused on the study of metallic alloys. Since then the methodology has been actively and successfully used in the study of ionic materials as well. In this work, we present a cohesive reformulation of the mathematical formalism underlying the CE method based on a synthesis of its original formulation, several additions and extensions that have been proposed since, and a revised representation of its constituent mathematical objects. We then proceed to describe some of the formal implications of using the methodology for charge-neutral configurations in ionic systems. In particular, we discuss the reduction of the size of configuration spaces and the resulting linear dependencies that arise among correlation functions that span the larger unconstrained configuration space. Additionally, we explore the effects of long-range electrostatic interactions. We also demonstrate how the previously proposed use of a point electrostatic term successfully accounts for the majority of the longer-range electrostatic interactions, and leaves the cluster expansion terms to capture mostly short-range interactions. Finally, we present and discuss a variety of recently developed methodologies, including training structure selection, oxidation state assignment, structure mapping, and regression algorithms, that are necessary to address these formal mathematical notions for a practical implementation of the CE method in the study of multicomponent ionic materials
The effect of collective forestland tenure reform in China: Does land parcelization reduce forest management intensity?
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Interfacial engineering of ferromagnetism in wafer-scale van der Waals Fe<sub>4</sub>GeTe<sub>2</sub> far above room temperature.
Despite recent advances in exfoliated vdW ferromagnets, the widespread application of 2D magnetism requires a Curie temperature (Tc) above room temperature as well as a stable and controllable magnetic anisotropy. Here we demonstrate a large-scale iron-based vdW material Fe4GeTe2 with the Tc reaching ~530 K. We confirmed the high-temperature ferromagnetism by multiple characterizations. Theoretical calculations suggested that the interface-induced right shift of the localized states for unpaired Fe d electrons is the reason for the enhanced Tc, which was confirmed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, by precisely tailoring Fe concentration we achieved arbitrary control of magnetic anisotropy between out-of-plane and in-plane without inducing any phase disorders. Our finding sheds light on the high potential of Fe4GeTe2 in spintronics, which may open opportunities for room-temperature application of all-vdW spintronic devices
Interfacial engineering of ferromagnetism in wafer-scale van der Waals Fe4GeTe2 far above room temperature
Abstract Despite recent advances in exfoliated vdW ferromagnets, the widespread application of 2D magnetism requires a Curie temperature (Tc) above room temperature as well as a stable and controllable magnetic anisotropy. Here we demonstrate a large-scale iron-based vdW material Fe4GeTe2 with the Tc reaching ~530 K. We confirmed the high-temperature ferromagnetism by multiple characterizations. Theoretical calculations suggested that the interface-induced right shift of the localized states for unpaired Fe d electrons is the reason for the enhanced Tc, which was confirmed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, by precisely tailoring Fe concentration we achieved arbitrary control of magnetic anisotropy between out-of-plane and in-plane without inducing any phase disorders. Our finding sheds light on the high potential of Fe4GeTe2 in spintronics, which may open opportunities for room-temperature application of all-vdW spintronic devices
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Interfacial engineering of ferromagnetism in wafer-scale van der Waals Fe4GeTe2 far above room temperature.
Acknowledgements: W.Z., T.N., and H.L. acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62274009, 61774013, and 12204027), the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB0407602), the International Collaboration Project (Grant No. B16001), and the National Key Technology Program of China (Grant No. 2017ZX01032101). This work was also supported by FEDER-FSE Lorraine et Massif des Vosges 2014–2020, a European Union Program (to T.H.). H.T. Wang thanks the support from the Academic Excellence Foundation of BUAA for PhD Students.Despite recent advances in exfoliated vdW ferromagnets, the widespread application of 2D magnetism requires a Curie temperature (Tc) above room temperature as well as a stable and controllable magnetic anisotropy. Here we demonstrate a large-scale iron-based vdW material Fe4GeTe2 with the Tc reaching ~530 K. We confirmed the high-temperature ferromagnetism by multiple characterizations. Theoretical calculations suggested that the interface-induced right shift of the localized states for unpaired Fe d electrons is the reason for the enhanced Tc, which was confirmed by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, by precisely tailoring Fe concentration we achieved arbitrary control of magnetic anisotropy between out-of-plane and in-plane without inducing any phase disorders. Our finding sheds light on the high potential of Fe4GeTe2 in spintronics, which may open opportunities for room-temperature application of all-vdW spintronic devices