Living Arrangements of the Elderly in China: Evidence from CHARLS

Recent increases in Chinese elderly living alone or only with a spouse has raised concerns about elderly support, especially when public support is inadequate. However, using rich information from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, we find that the increasing trend in living alone is accompanied with a rise in living close to each other. This type of living arrangement solves the conflicts between privacy/independence and family support. This is confirmed in further investigation: children living close by visit their parents more frequently. We also find that children who live far away provide a larger amount of net transfers to their parents, a result consistent with responsibility sharing among siblings. Having more children is associated with living with a child or having a child nearby, while investing more in a child's schooling is associated with greater net transfers to parents.living arrangement, coresidence, proximity of children, CHARLS

Professor Wang Xiaoyan's Experience in Treating Dementia

Dementia is a common Psychiatric disease, especially in the elderly group of high incidence, Professor Wang Xiaoyan thinks that the pathogenesis of this disease is the deficiency of upper qi, Yang qi can not access the brain body, the etiology is divided into two categories, including deficiency syndrome is divided into weak temper, kidney essence deficiency, positive syndrome is divided into phlegm turbidity and upper confusion, Yang Ming dry heat, etc.Clinical patients are mostly mixed with deficiency and reality, need to distinguish the primary and secondary, dialectical treatment, remarkable effect

Summary of Professor Wang Xiaoyan's Experience in Treating Insomnia

Professor Wang Xiaoyan applied the theory of "monism of qi" in traditional Chinese medicine to study insomnia, and believed that insomnia was caused by a variety of pathogenic factors, which affected the normal rise and fall of qi in various organs of the human body, and eventually led to the rise of yang, which could not be submerged. Yang did not enter into yin, but became sleepless. By "supporting yang", the yang returned to its place, and this group of vitality moved slowly and orderly in the human body, and yin and yang combined to sleep peacefully

Localized JNK signaling regulates organ size during development.

A fundamental question of biology is what determines organ size. Despite demonstrations that factors within organs determine their sizes, intrinsic size control mechanisms remain elusive. Here we show that Drosophila wing size is regulated by JNK signaling during development. JNK is active in a stripe along the center of developing wings, and modulating JNK signaling within this stripe changes organ size. This JNK stripe influences proliferation in a non-canonical, Jun-independent manner by inhibiting the Hippo pathway. Localized JNK activity is established by Hedgehog signaling, where Ci elevates dTRAF1 expression. As the dTRAF1 homolog, TRAF4, is amplified in numerous cancers, these findings provide a new mechanism for how the Hedgehog pathway could contribute to tumorigenesis, and, more importantly, provides a new strategy for cancer therapies. Finally, modulation of JNK signaling centers in developing antennae and legs changes their sizes, suggesting a more generalizable role for JNK signaling in developmental organ size control

Targeting translation initiation by synthetic rocaglates for treating MYC-driven lymphomas.

MYC-driven lymphomas, especially those with concurrent MYC and BCL2 dysregulation, are currently a challenge in clinical practice due to rapid disease progression, resistance to standard chemotherapy, and high risk of refractory disease. MYC plays a central role by coordinating hyperactive protein synthesis with upregulated transcription in order to support rapid proliferation of tumor cells. Translation initiation inhibitor rocaglates have been identified as the most potent drugs in MYC-driven lymphomas as they efficiently inhibit MYC expression and tumor cell viability. We found that this class of compounds can overcome eIF4A abundance by stabilizing target mRNA-eIF4A interaction that directly prevents translation. Proteome-wide quantification demonstrated selective repression of multiple critical oncoproteins in addition to MYC in B-cell lymphoma including NEK2, MCL1, AURKA, PLK1, and several transcription factors that are generally considered undruggable. Finally, (-)-SDS-1-021, the most promising synthetic rocaglate, was confirmed to be highly potent as a single agent, and displayed significant synergy with the BCL2 inhibitor ABT199 in inhibiting tumor growth and survival in primary lymphoma cells in vitro and in patient-derived xenograft mouse models. Overall, our findings support the strategy of using rocaglates to target oncoprotein synthesis in MYC-driven lymphomas.P30 CA036727 - NCI NIH HHS; R24 GM111625 - NIGMS NIH HHS; R35 GM118173 - NIGMS NIH HHS; LB506 - Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services (Nebraska DHHS)Accepted manuscriptSupporting documentatio

Adaptive Stabilization of the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers Equation with Unknown Dispersion

This paper studies the adaptive control problem of the Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation. Using the Lyapunov function method, we prove that the closed-loop system including the parameter estimator as a dynamic component is globally L2 stable. Furthermore, we show that the state of the system is regulated to zero by developing an alternative to Barbalat's lemma which cannot be used in the present situation. The closed-loop system is shown to be well posed

The Cerebellar Nodulus/Uvula Integrates Otolith Signals for the Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex

Background: The otolith-driven translational vestibulo-ocular reflex (tVOR) generates compensatory eye movements to linear head accelerations. Studies in humans indicate that the cerebellum plays a critical role in the neural control of the tVOR, but little is known about mechanisms of this control or the functions of specific cerebellar structures. Here, we chose to investigate the contribution of the nodulus and uvula, which have been shown by prior studies to be involved in the processing of otolith signals in other contexts. Methodology/Principal Findings: We recorded eye movements in two rhesus monkeys during steps of linear motion along the interaural axis before and after surgical lesions of the cerebellar uvula and nodulus. The lesions strikingly reduced eye velocity during constant-velocity motion but had only a small effect on the response to initial head acceleration. We fit eye velocity to a linear combination of head acceleration and velocity and to a dynamic mathematical model of the tVOR that incorporated a specific integrator of head acceleration. Based on parameter optimization, the lesion decreased the gain of the pathway containing this new integrator by 62%. The component of eye velocity that depended directly on head acceleration changed little (gain decrease of 13%). In a final set of simulations, we compared our data to the predictions o