Asynchronous Spiking Neural P Systems with Multiple Channels and Symbols

Spiking neural P systems (SNP systems, in short) are a class of distributed parallel computation systems, inspired from the way that the neurons process and communicate information by means of spikes. A new variant of SNP systems, which works in asynchronous mode, asynchronous spiking neural P systems with multiple channels and symbols (ASNP-MCS systems, in short), is investigated in this paper. There are two interesting features in ASNP-MCS systems: multiple channels and multiple symbols. That is, every neuron has more than one synaptic channels to connect its subsequent neurons, and every neuron can deal with more than one type of spikes. The variant works in asynchronous mode: in every step, each neuron can be free to fire or not when its rules can be applied. The computational completeness of ASNP-MCS systems is investigated. It is proved that ASNP-MCS systems as number generating and accepting devices are Turing universal. Moreover, we obtain a small universal function computing device that is an ASNP-MCS system with 67 neurons. Specially, a new idea that can solve ``block'' problems is proposed in INPUT modules

A Kernel-space POF virtual switch

Protocol Oblivious Forwarding (POF) aims at providing a standard southbound interface for sustainable Software Defined Networking (SDN) evolvement. It overcomes the limitations of popular Open Flow protocols (an existing widely-adopted southbound interface), through the enhancement of SDN forwarding plane. This paper pioneers the design and implementation of a Kernel-space POF Virtual Switch (K_POFVS) on Linux platform. K_POFVS can improve the packet processing speed, through fast packet forwarding and the capability of adding/deleting/modifying protocol fields in kernel space. In addition, it is able to enhance flow table matching speed, by separating the mask table (consisting of flow entry masks used to figure out the matching field) and the flow table under a caching mechanism. Furthermore, K_POFVS can achieve efficient communication between the kernel space and the user space, via extending the Netlink communication between them. Experimental results show that K_POFVS can provide much better performance than existing user-space POF virtual switches, in terms of packet forwarding delay, packet processing delay and packet transmission rateThis work is partially supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China (973 Program) under Grant No. 2012CB315803, the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under grant No. XDA06010306, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61303241, and the University of Exeter’s Innovation Platform – Link Fund under Award No. LF207

An integrated control and protection scheme based on FBSM-MMC active current limiting strategy for DC distribution network

DC faults can easily lead to overcurrent in DC distribution networks; these faults pose serious threats to the safe operation of the system. The blocking of modular multilevel converters based on the full-bridge sub-modules (FBSM-MMC) is mostly utilized to cut off the fault current. However, the blocking causes short-term blackouts in the entire DC distribution network and there are presently no effective solutions to address this problem. In this study, an integrated control and protection scheme based on the FBSM-MMC active current limiting strategy is proposed. The project includes three stages: first, MMC active current limiting strategy is used to limit the output current of the converter to about 1.2 p.u. after the occurrence of the fault (Stage 1); next, faulty lines are identified based on the asynchronous zero-crossing features of the DC currents of the two ends of the line (Stage 2); then, a fault isolation scheme based on the cooperation of converters, DC circuit breakers, and high-speed switches is proposed to isolate the faulty line (Stage 3). The distribution network can restart quickly via control of the converters. Finally, the simulation of a four-terminal flexible DC distribution network in PSCAD/EMTDC demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed integrated scheme

Meat and bone meal stimulates microbial diversity and suppresses plant pathogens in asparagus straw composting

Meat and bone meal (MBM), as slaughterhouse waste, is a potential biostimulating agent, but its efficiency and reliability in composting are largely unknown. To access the MBM application to the composting process of asparagus straw rice, we followed the composting process for 60 days in 220-L composters and another 180 days in 20-L buckets in treatments applied with MBM or urea. The microbial succession was investigated by high-throughput sequencing. Compared with urea treatments, MBM addition stabilized pH and extended the thermophilic phase for 7 days. The germination index of MBM treatments was 24.76% higher than that of urea treatments. MBM also promoted higher microbial diversity and shifted community compositions. Organic matter and pH were the most significant factors that influence the bacterial and fungal community structure. At the genus level, MBM enriched relative abundances of organic matter-degrading bacteria (Alterococcus) and lignocellulose-degrading fungi (Trichoderma), as well as lignocellulolytic enzyme activities. Notably, MBM addition decreased sum abundances of plant pathogenic fungi of Phaeoacremonium, Acremonium, and Geosmithia from 17.27 to 0.11%. This study demonstrated the potential of MBM as an effective additive in asparagus straw composting, thus providing insights into the development of new industrial aerobic fermentation.Peer reviewe

A Study on the Application of Automatic Scoring and Feedback System in College English Writing

With the rapid development of computer technology and the need of college Eng-lish teaching, the automatic grading of college students' English writing level is an inevitable trend. This is the inevitable result of the combination of computer tech-nology and English teaching. The theoretical basis of this paper is the feedback of English writing and related theories introduced as follows. This paper analyzes the influence of automatic scoring and feedback system on English writing level via testing the variation of student composition’s grammar, structure, length and grade in a teaching experiment. The experimental results indicate that online feed-back is effective in evaluating students' English writing proficiency, which can help students improve their writing proficiency and independent writing ability. The students' attitudes and views towards automatic grading and feedback system were investigated with 118 students in the English experiment class of SUST as the test object. The research results can suggest a guide line in the improvement of college students’ writing competence and evaluation of the effect of automatic scoring feedback system

A Study on the Application of Automatic Scoring and Feedback System in College English Writing

With the rapid development of computer technology and the need of college Eng-lish teaching, the automatic grading of college students' English writing level is an inevitable trend. This is the inevitable result of the combination of computer tech-nology and English teaching. The theoretical basis of this paper is the feedback of English writing and related theories introduced as follows. This paper analyzes the influence of automatic scoring and feedback system on English writing level via testing the variation of student composition’s grammar, structure, length and grade in a teaching experiment. The experimental results indicate that online feed-back is effective in evaluating students' English writing proficiency, which can help students improve their writing proficiency and independent writing ability. The students' attitudes and views towards automatic grading and feedback system were investigated with 118 students in the English experiment class of SUST as the test object. The research results can suggest a guide line in the improvement of college students’ writing competence and evaluation of the effect of automatic scoring feedback system

mu-stability criteria for nonlinear differential systems with additive leakage and transmission time-varying delays

In this paper, the μ-stability analysis issue of nonlinear differential systems along with two kinds of delay components, namely, leakage delay and transmission delay, is investigated. By constructing a suitable Lyapunov–Krasovskii's functional and utilizing Finsler's lemma, some novel μ-stability criteria for the concerned nonlinear system are obtained. These criteria are expressed in the framework of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be verified easily by means of standard software. Finally, two examples are presented to exhibit the advantage and effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results

Exponential Synchronization of Neural Networks via Feedback Control in Complex Environment

The problem of exponential synchronization for neural networks is investigated via feedback control in complex environment. By constructing suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and applying the piecewise analytic method, some sufficient criteria for exponential synchronization of the addressed neural networks are established in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). The feedback control in complex environment includes the delayed aperiodically intermittent control and dynamic output feedback control. Moreover, the delayed aperiodically intermittent dynamic output feedback controller is designed based on the established LMIs. A numerical example and its numerical simulations are finally presented to show the effectiveness of obtained theoretical results

Engineering Internal Control Analysis Based on AHP-FCE Taking Wind Power Enterprise as an Example

Wind power is a key development project. In recent years, the wind power industry has developed rapidly. The market needs enterprises with complete systems and higher work efficiency. Internal control is an important measure for the transparency and standardization of enterprise operations. Therefore, after implementing internal control on wind power companies, how to objectively evaluate the internal control construction of wind power companies has become a new research focus. This paper proposes a method to quantitatively evaluate the internal control of wind power enterprises. First, the internal control objectives are decomposed into multiple factor indicators, and then the internal control evaluation system of wind power enterprises is constructed, which is realized by the use of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE). The calculation example shows that the quantitative evaluation method helps to find the deficiencies of the internal control of wind power enterprises, and provides a reference for the establishment and implementation of the system and the efficiency of business operation