Влияние опыта пользования Интернетом на доходы «молодых пожилых» при их возвращении на рынок труда

Используя данные социального обследования Китая за 2017 год (CGSS2017), в этой работе используется метод регрессии Пуассона для эмпирического анализа гипотезы о том, что опыт пользования интернетом оказывает значительное влияние на доход т.н. «молодых пожилых» людей при их вторичном выходе на рынок труда. Показано, что улучшение навыков пользования интернетом повышает шансы на более успешную трудовую реинтеграцию молодых пенсионеров, уменьшает разницу в доходах мужчин и женщин, городских и сельских жителей. На этой основе выдвигаются конкретные предложения по повышению уровня владения интернет-технологиями у работников старшего возраста

Performance enhancement and optimization of residential air conditioning system in response to the novel FAl2O3-POE nanolubricant adoption

This paper aims to evaluate residential air conditioning systems' performance enhancement and optimization by adopting a novel functionalized Al2O3 (FAl2O3)–Polyolester (POE) nanolubricant. Comprehensive discussions were conducted on key performance parameters, including heat absorption, compressor work, cooling capacity, coefficient of performance (COP), and power consumption. Novel FAl2O3 nanoparticles were dispersed into the POE lubricant using a two-step method. The findings reveal that FAl2O3–POE nanolubricant exhibits superior heat absorption compared to pure POE. Heat absorption decreases with an increased initial refrigerant charge, while cooling capacity performance improves with an increased initial refrigerant charge. The COP shows an increasing trend at all concentrations of FAl2O3–POE nanolubricant when operating with R32. FAl2O3–POE/R32 demonstrates an enhanced range of 3.12%–32.26% for COP. The results suggest that applying novel FAl2O3–POE nanolubricant with R32 can reduce electrical power consumption by 13.79%–19.35%. The central composite design (CCD) offers an optimal condition for FAl2O3–POE nanolubricant with a concentration of 0.11 vol%, an initial refrigerant charge of 0.442 kg, resulting in a COP of 3.982, a standard error of 0.019, and a desirability of 1.0

Wolbachia Infections in Anopheles gambiae Cells: Transcriptomic Characterization of a Novel Host-Symbiont Interaction

The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia is being investigated as a potential control agent in several important vector insect species. Recent studies have shown that Wolbachia can protect the insect host against a wide variety of pathogens, resulting in reduced transmission of parasites and viruses. It has been proposed that compromised vector competence of Wolbachia-infected insects is due to up-regulation of the host innate immune system or metabolic competition. Anopheles mosquitoes, which transmit human malaria parasites, have never been found to harbor Wolbachia in nature. While transient somatic infections can be established in Anopheles, no stable artificially-transinfected Anopheles line has been developed despite numerous attempts. However, cultured Anopheles cells can be stably infected with multiple Wolbachia strains such as wAlbB from Aedes albopictus, wRi from Drosophila simulans and wMelPop from Drosophila melanogaster. Infected cell lines provide an amenable system to investigate Wolbachia-Anopheles interactions in the absence of an infected mosquito strain. We used Affymetrix GeneChip microarrays to investigate the effect of wAlbB and wRi infection on the transcriptome of cultured Anopheles Sua5B cells, and for a subset of genes used quantitative PCR to validate results in somatically-infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Wolbachia infection had a dramatic strain-specific effect on gene expression in this cell line, with almost 700 genes in total regulated representing a diverse array of functional classes. Very strikingly, infection resulted in a significant down-regulation of many immune, stress and detoxification-related transcripts. This is in stark contrast to the induction of immune genes observed in other insect hosts. We also identified genes that may be potentially involved in Wolbachia-induced reproductive and pathogenic phenotypes. Somatically-infected mosquitoes had similar responses to cultured cells. The data show that Wolbachia has a profound and unique effect on Anopheles gene expression in cultured cells, and has important implications for mechanistic understanding of Wolbachia-induced phenotypes and potential novel strategies to control malaria

In Vivo Analysis of MEF2 Transcription Factors in Synapse Regulation and Neuronal Survival

MEF2 (A–D) transcription factors govern development, differentiation and maintenance of various cell types including neurons. The role of MEF2 isoforms in the brain has been studied using in vitro manipulations with only MEF2C examined in vivo. In order to understand specific as well as redundant roles of the MEF2 isoforms, we generated brain-specific deletion of MEF2A and found that Mef2aKO mice show normal behavior in a range of paradigms including learning and memory. We next generated Mef2a and Mef2d brain-specific double KO (Mef2a/dDKO) mice and observed deficits in motor coordination and enhanced hippocampal short-term synaptic plasticity, however there were no alterations in learning and memory, Schaffer collateral pathway long-term potentiation, or the number of dendritic spines. Since previous work has established a critical role for MEF2C in hippocampal plasticity, we generated a Mef2a, Mef2c and Mef2d brain-specific triple KO (Mef2a/c/dTKO). Mef2a/c/d TKO mice have early postnatal lethality with increased neuronal apoptosis, indicative of a redundant role for the MEF2 factors in neuronal survival. We examined synaptic plasticity in the intact neurons in the Mef2a/c/d TKO mice and found significant impairments in short-term synaptic plasticity suggesting that MEF2C is the major isoform involved in hippocampal synaptic function. Collectively, these data highlight the key in vivo role of MEF2C isoform in the brain and suggest that MEF2A and MEF2D have only subtle roles in regulating hippocampal synaptic function

Integrin β3 Crosstalk with VEGFR Accommodating Tyrosine Phosphorylation as a Regulatory Switch

Integrins mediate cell adhesion, migration, and survival by connecting intracellular machinery with the surrounding extracellular matrix. Previous studies demonstrated the importance of the interaction between β3 integrin and VEGF type 2 receptor (VEGFR2) in VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Here we present in vitro evidence of the direct association between the cytoplasmic tails (CTs) of β3 and VEGFR2. Specifically, the membrane-proximal motif around 801YLSI in VEGFR2 mediates its binding to non-phosphorylated β3CT, accommodating an α-helical turn in integrin bound conformation. We also show that Y747 phosphorylation of β3 enhances the above interaction. To demonstrate the importance of β3 phosphorylation in endothelial cell functions, we synthesized β3CT-mimicking Y747 phosphorylated and unphosphorylated membrane permeable peptides. We show that a peptide containing phospho-Y747 but not F747 significantly inhibits VEGF-induced signaling and angiogenesis. Moreover, phospho-Y747 peptide exhibits inhibitory effect only in WT but not in β3 integrin knock-out or β3 integrin knock-in cells expressing β3 with two tyrosines substituted for phenylalanines, demonstrating its specificity. Importantly, these peptides have no effect on fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling. Collectively these data provide novel mechanistic insights into phosphorylation dependent cross-talk between integrin and VEGFR2