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Multidimensional Cultural Perception and Spatial Differentiation in the Yellow River Basin of China
Based on the travel blogs of 69 prefecture-level cities along the Yellow River basin, this study constructed a six-dimensional cultural perception system from the perspective of tourists, analyzed the similarities and differences in cultural perception across 6 dimensions between 69 prefecture-level cities using a deep learning textual thematic recognition method, and further proposed 10 cultural tourism regions with different cultural themes through the combination of a network-oriented geographic regionalization method and a text mining method. Lastly, the comparison of tourists’ cultural perceptions and emotional evaluations across 10 cultural tourism regions led to the conclusion that it is necessary to promote the Yellow River basin as an integrated and compound destination. This study contributed to the growing literature on cultural perception in travel and tourism research and proposed an approach to develop regional tourism for destination marketing organizations in the Yellow River basin
HiLM-D: Towards High-Resolution Understanding in Multimodal Large Language Models for Autonomous Driving
Autonomous driving systems generally employ separate models for different
tasks resulting in intricate designs. For the first time, we leverage singular
multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to consolidate multiple autonomous
driving tasks from videos, i.e., the Risk Object Localization and Intention and
Suggestion Prediction (ROLISP) task. ROLISP uses natural language to
simultaneously identify and interpret risk objects, understand ego-vehicle
intentions, and provide motion suggestions, eliminating the necessity for
task-specific architectures. However, lacking high-resolution (HR) information,
existing MLLMs often miss small objects (e.g., traffic cones) and overly focus
on salient ones (e.g., large trucks) when applied to ROLISP. We propose HiLM-D
(Towards High-Resolution Understanding in MLLMs for Autonomous Driving), an
efficient method to incorporate HR information into MLLMs for the ROLISP task.
Especially, HiLM-D integrates two branches: (i) the low-resolution reasoning
branch, can be any MLLMs, processes low-resolution videos to caption risk
objects and discern ego-vehicle intentions/suggestions; (ii) the
high-resolution perception branch (HR-PB), prominent to HiLM-D,, ingests HR
images to enhance detection by capturing vision-specific HR feature maps and
prioritizing all potential risks over merely salient objects. Our HR-PB serves
as a plug-and-play module, seamlessly fitting into current MLLMs. Experiments
on the ROLISP benchmark reveal HiLM-D's notable advantage over leading MLLMs,
with improvements of 4.8% in BLEU-4 for captioning and 17.2% in mIoU for
detection
Angle-Aware and Tone-Aware Luminosity Analysis for Paper Model Surface
Luminosity contributes to the paper model surface perception. It has a significant impact on the perception of colour and details. The main purpose of this paper is to study the reflection luminosity of paper model surface which can be of complex or difficult shape surface. The final perception quality of a product, whether it is plain or 3D or other different shape, depends on the surface luminosity perceived by the receptor, such as eyes or measurement instruments. However, the number of parameters and limits of the paper model surface are enormous. It is a time-consuming work to select every parameter by a trial-and-error procedure. For a paper surface under the fixed lighting environment, the most important factors to decide the performance of perception are commonly viewing angles and surface tone. Therefore, the two related terms, perception angle and surface tone, were chosen to work in the analysis process. The final analysis, based on the initial conditions, enabled to predict the perception of paper model surface and to set the optimal perceived angels and tones. It still proposed the next step to model the perception of paper model surface of different shapes in a relatively short period
Luminance Prediction of Paper Model Surface Based on Non-Contact Measurement
The overall appearance perception is affected by luminance perception accuracy and efficiency mostly. The surface luminance prediction correlated with surface angle and surface tone value was performed by measuring and modeling the paper model surface luminance. First, we used a rotating bracket designed to facilitate to set the paper surface angle. Then, we set the surface angle from 5° to 85° at the interval of 5° using the designed rotating bracket. Additionally, the four primary color scales, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black, were printed and set at the designed angle. The angle-ware and tone-ware luminance was measured using spectroradiometer, CS-2000. Finally, we proposed and evaluated a mathematical model to reveal the relationship between luminance and surface angle and surface tone using the least squares method. The results indicated that the surface luminance of paper model could be predicted and obtained quickly and accurately for any surface angles and surface tone values by the proposed prediction model
OSM-Net: One-to-Many One-shot Talking Head Generation with Spontaneous Head Motions
One-shot talking head generation has no explicit head movement reference,
thus it is difficult to generate talking heads with head motions. Some existing
works only edit the mouth area and generate still talking heads, leading to
unreal talking head performance. Other works construct one-to-one mapping
between audio signal and head motion sequences, introducing ambiguity
correspondences into the mapping since people can behave differently in head
motions when speaking the same content. This unreasonable mapping form fails to
model the diversity and produces either nearly static or even exaggerated head
motions, which are unnatural and strange. Therefore, the one-shot talking head
generation task is actually a one-to-many ill-posed problem and people present
diverse head motions when speaking. Based on the above observation, we propose
OSM-Net, a \textit{one-to-many} one-shot talking head generation network with
natural head motions. OSM-Net constructs a motion space that contains rich and
various clip-level head motion features. Each basis of the space represents a
feature of meaningful head motion in a clip rather than just a frame, thus
providing more coherent and natural motion changes in talking heads. The
driving audio is mapped into the motion space, around which various motion
features can be sampled within a reasonable range to achieve the one-to-many
mapping. Besides, the landmark constraint and time window feature input improve
the accurate expression feature extraction and video generation. Extensive
experiments show that OSM-Net generates more natural realistic head motions
under reasonable one-to-many mapping paradigm compared with other methods.Comment: Paper Under Revie
MFR-Net: Multi-faceted Responsive Listening Head Generation via Denoising Diffusion Model
Face-to-face communication is a common scenario including roles of speakers
and listeners. Most existing research methods focus on producing speaker
videos, while the generation of listener heads remains largely overlooked.
Responsive listening head generation is an important task that aims to model
face-to-face communication scenarios by generating a listener head video given
a speaker video and a listener head image. An ideal generated responsive
listening video should respond to the speaker with attitude or viewpoint
expressing while maintaining diversity in interaction patterns and accuracy in
listener identity information. To achieve this goal, we propose the
\textbf{M}ulti-\textbf{F}aceted \textbf{R}esponsive Listening Head Generation
Network (MFR-Net). Specifically, MFR-Net employs the probabilistic denoising
diffusion model to predict diverse head pose and expression features. In order
to perform multi-faceted response to the speaker video, while maintaining
accurate listener identity preservation, we design the Feature Aggregation
Module to boost listener identity features and fuse them with other
speaker-related features. Finally, a renderer finetuned with identity
consistency loss produces the final listening head videos. Our extensive
experiments demonstrate that MFR-Net not only achieves multi-faceted responses
in diversity and speaker identity information but also in attitude and
viewpoint expression.Comment: Accepted by ACM MM 202
FONT: Flow-guided One-shot Talking Head Generation with Natural Head Motions
One-shot talking head generation has received growing attention in recent
years, with various creative and practical applications. An ideal natural and
vivid generated talking head video should contain natural head pose changes.
However, it is challenging to map head pose sequences from driving audio since
there exists a natural gap between audio-visual modalities. In this work, we
propose a Flow-guided One-shot model that achieves NaTural head motions(FONT)
over generated talking heads. Specifically, the head pose prediction module is
designed to generate head pose sequences from the source face and driving
audio. We add the random sampling operation and the structural similarity
constraint to model the diversity in the one-to-many mapping between
audio-visual modality, thus predicting natural head poses. Then we develop a
keypoint predictor that produces unsupervised keypoints from the source face,
driving audio and pose sequences to describe the facial structure information.
Finally, a flow-guided occlusion-aware generator is employed to produce
photo-realistic talking head videos from the estimated keypoints and source
face. Extensive experimental results prove that FONT generates talking heads
with natural head poses and synchronized mouth shapes, outperforming other
compared methods.Comment: Accepted by ICME202
OPT: One-shot Pose-Controllable Talking Head Generation
One-shot talking head generation produces lip-sync talking heads based on
arbitrary audio and one source face. To guarantee the naturalness and realness,
recent methods propose to achieve free pose control instead of simply editing
mouth areas. However, existing methods do not preserve accurate identity of
source face when generating head motions. To solve the identity mismatch
problem and achieve high-quality free pose control, we present One-shot
Pose-controllable Talking head generation network (OPT). Specifically, the
Audio Feature Disentanglement Module separates content features from audios,
eliminating the influence of speaker-specific information contained in
arbitrary driving audios. Later, the mouth expression feature is extracted from
the content feature and source face, during which the landmark loss is designed
to enhance the accuracy of facial structure and identity preserving quality.
Finally, to achieve free pose control, controllable head pose features from
reference videos are fed into the Video Generator along with the expression
feature and source face to generate new talking heads. Extensive quantitative
and qualitative experimental results verify that OPT generates high-quality
pose-controllable talking heads with no identity mismatch problem,
outperforming previous SOTA methods.Comment: Accepted by ICASSP202
Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/β-Glycerophosphate Thermal-Sensitive Hydrogel Reinforced by Graphene Oxide
Thermal-sensitive hydrogel based on chitosan (CS) and β-glycerophosphate (GP) has shown good biocompatibility and biodegradability. But the application of such hydrogel is limited due to its poor mechanical property. Recently, graphene oxide(GO) is widely used as a reinforcement agent to prepare nanocomposites with different polymers for improving the properties of the materials. In this study, CS/GP-based hydrogels with different weight ratio of GO/CS (0.5, 1, 2%) were fabricated. The gelation time of the hydrogels at body temperature was evaluated by tube inverting method. The gelation process during heating was monitored by rheological measurement. The morphology, porosities, chemical structure, swelling properties of the lyophilized hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, liquid displacement method, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gravimetric method. Mechanical property of the hydrogels was analyzed by rheological measurement and unconfined compression test. MC3T3-E1 mouse pre-osteoblast cell line was used to assess the biological properties of the hydrogels. The results obtained from those assessments revealed that the addition of GO into CS/GP improved the properties of the prepared hydrogels without changing the high porous and interconnected microstructure and swelling ability of the hydrogels. The gelation time at body temperature was significantly reduced by nearly 20% with the addition of small amount of GO (0.5% weight ratio of CS). The mechanical properties of the hydrogels containing GO were improved significantly over that of CS/GP. The storage (G′)/loss (G″) moduli of the hydrogels with GO were 1.12 to 1.69 times that of CS/GP at the gelling temperature. The Young's modulus of 0.5%GO/CS/GP hydrogel is 1.76 times that of CS/GP. Moreover, the 0.5%GO/CS/GP hydrogel revealed remarkable biological affinity such as cellular attachment, viability and proliferation. All of these results suggest that 0.5%GO/CS/GP hydrogel has great potential for practical application in biomedical field
Tunable hysteresis effect for perovskite solar cells
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) usually suffer from a hysteresis effect in current–voltage measurements,
which leads to an inaccurate estimation of the device e
fficiency. Although ion migration, charge trapping/
detrapping, and accumulation have been proposed as a b
asis for the hysteresis, the
origin of the hysteresis
has not been apparently unraveled. Herein we reporte
d a tunable hysteresis effect based uniquely on open-
circuit voltage variations in printable mesos
copic PSCs with a simplified triple-layer TiO
2
/ZrO
2
/carbon
architecture. The electrons are collected by the compact TiO
2
/mesoporous TiO
2
(c-TiO
2
/mp-TiO
2
)bilayer,
and the holes are collected by the carbon layer. By adj
usting the spray deposition cycles for the c-TiO
2
layer
andUV-ozonetreatment,weachievedhysteresis-norm
al, hysteresis-free, and hysteresis-inverted PSCs.
Such unique trends of tunable hysteresis are anal
yzed by considering the polarization of the TiO
2
/perovskite
interface, which can accumulate positive charges reversibly. Successfully tuning of the hysteresis effect
clarifies the critical importance of the c-TiO
2
/perovskite interface in controlling the hysteretic trends
observed, providing important insights towards the understanding of this rapidly developing photovoltaic
technology
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