Poly[hexa-μ-acetato-bis­(dimethyl sulfoxide)­trimanganese(II)]

In the title complex, [Mn3(CH3CO2)6(C2H6SO)2]n, the MnII ions exhibit similar MnO6 octa­hedral coordination geometries but with different coordination environments. One type of MnII ion is surrounded by five acetate groups and a terminal dimethyl sulfoxide group, while the other lies on a twofold axis and is coordinated by six O atoms from three symmetry-related acetate ions. The acetate anions exhibit three independent bridging modes, which flexibly bridge the MnII ions along the c-axis direction, forming an infinite chain structure; the chains are further inter­connected through weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding inter­actions

Equal status in ultimatum games promotes rational sharing

Experiments on the Ultimatum Game (UG) repeatedly show that people's behaviour is far from rational. In UG experiments, a subject proposes how to divide a pot and the other can accept or reject the proposal, in which case both lose everything. While rational people would offer and accept the minimum possible amount, in experiments low offers are often rejected and offers are typically larger than the minimum, and even fair. Several theoretical works have proposed that these results may arise evolutionarily when subjects act in both roles and there is a fixed interaction structure in the population specifying who plays with whom. We report the first experiments on structured UG with subjects playing simultaneously both roles. We observe that acceptance levels of responders approach rationality and proposers accommodate their offers to their environment. More precisely, subjects keep low acceptance levels all the time, but as proposers they follow a best-response-like approach to choose their offers. We thus find that status equality promotes rational sharing while the influence of structure leads to fairer offers compared to well-mixed populations. Our results are far from what is observed in single-role UG experiments and largely different from available predictions based on evolutionary game theory.We thank Long Ma, Xiao-Yan Sun, Zhao-Long Hu for assistance with carrying out the experiments and Xin-Di Wang, Ke-Qiang Li for helpful discussions. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71771026, BZ; Grant No. 71401037, CS; Grant No. 71631002, WW, BZ), by EU through FET-Proactive Project DOLFINS (contract no. 640772, AS) and FET-Open Project IBSEN (contract no. 662725, AS), and by grant FIS2015-64349-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE, AS)

荆州区农村人口初发糖尿病胰岛功能的现状跟踪调查*

Objective: To study the change of islet function in patients with incipient diabetic characteristics through incipient diabetic tracking observation of the islet function in patients of Jingzhou area. Methods: Selection of 1220 cases of patients with diabetes mellitus in Jingzhou area as research object at the beginning, 12 months follow-up, the clinic after 3 months, 6 months and 12 months, all patients to detect blood sugar change, c-peptide release quantity, calculate insulin secretion index (HOMA -β) and insulin resistance index (HOMA IR), summarizes the characteristic of islet function in patients with changes. Results: ① The patients restored to basic standard blood sugar in 3 months by drug treatment, and the patient's blood glucose levels not seen obvious fluctuation after 6 months and 12 months; ② During follow-up, patients with diabetes sustained c-peptide release quantity reduction, and in three months after treatment, c-peptide release decreased obviously, and see a doctor at 6 months and 12 months after the comparison, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). ③ During follow-up, insulin capacity was decreasing among patients with diabetes, within three months after the doctor had the greatest reduction, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); ④ During follow-up, island hormone decreasing index, insulin resistance index continued to rise among patients with diabetes, and 6 months and 12 months, the most significant variations in 3 months (P < 0.05). Conclusion: With the extension of course, the pancreatic islet function in patients with early onset diabetes decreased gradually. It could be proved that there is a significant correlation between the two and especially seen in obvious function decline of pancreatic islets among the patients within 3 months.目的  通过对荆州区初发糖尿病患者的胰岛功能进行跟踪观察，探讨发现初发糖尿病患者胰岛功能的变化特点。方法  选取荆州区1220例初发糖尿病患者作为观察对象，跟踪随访12个月，在就诊后的3个月、6个月及12个月时，全部患者检测血糖变化、Ｃ-肽释放量，计算胰岛素分泌指数（HOMA-β）及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR），观察总结患者的胰岛功能变化特点。结果  （1）通过药物治疗，患者血糖在3个月时基本达标，6个月及12个月时，患者的血糖水平未见明显波动；（2）随访期间，糖尿病患者Ｃ-肽释放量持续降低，且在就诊后3个月内，Ｃ-肽释放量下降明显，与就诊后6个月时及12个月时比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。（3）随访期间，糖尿病患者胰岛素放量持续降低，就诊后3个月内下降最明显，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；（4）随访期间，糖尿病患者胰岛素分泌指数持续降低，胰岛素抵抗指数持续升高，且与6个月时和12个月时比较，3个月时变化幅度最为显著（P＜0.05）。结论  随着病程的延长，初发糖尿病患者胰岛功能逐渐降低，二者具有显著相关性，且3个月内患者的胰岛功能下降最为显著

Entanglement in spin-1/2 dimerized Heisenberg systems

We study entanglement in dimerized Heisenberg systems. In particular, we give exact results of ground-state pairwise entanglement for the four-qubit model by identifying a Z_2 symmetry. Although the entanglements cannot identify the critical point of the system, the mean entanglement of nearest-neighbor qubits really does, namely, it reaches a maximum at the critical point.Comment: Four pages, three figures, accepted in Communications in Theoretical Physic

XCloud-VIP: Virtual Peak Enables Highly Accelerated NMR Spectroscopy and Faithful Quantitative Measures

Background: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an important bio-engineering tool to determine the metabolic concentrations, molecule structures and so on. The data acquisition time, however, is very long in multi-dimensional NMR. To accelerate data acquisition, non-uniformly sampling is an effective way but may encounter severe spectral distortions and unfaithful quantitative measures when the acceleration factor is high. Objective: To reconstruct high fidelity spectra from highly accelerated NMR and achieve much better quantitative measures. Methods: A virtual peak (VIP) approach is proposed to self-learn the prior spectral information, such as the central frequency and peak lineshape, and then feed these information into the reconstruction. The proposed method is further implemented with cloud computing to facilitate online, open, and easy access. Results: Results on synthetic and experimental data demonstrate that, compared with the state-of-the-art method, the new approach provides much better reconstruction of low-intensity peaks and significantly improves the quantitative measures, including the regression of peak intensity, the distances between nuclear pairs, and concentrations of metabolics in mixtures. Conclusion: Self-learning prior peak information can improve the reconstruction and quantitative measures of spectra. Significance: This approach enables highly accelerated NMR and may promote time-consuming applications such as quantitative and time-resolved NMR experiments

Applying hybrid clustering in pulsar candidate sifting with multi-modality for FAST survey

Pulsar search is always the basis of pulsar navigation, gravitational wave detection and other research topics. Currently, the volume of pulsar candidates collected by Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) shows an explosive growth rate that has brought challenges for its pulsar candidate filtering System. Particularly, the multi-view heterogeneous data and class imbalance between true pulsars and non-pulsar candidates have negative effects on traditional single-modal supervised classification methods. In this study, a multi-modal and semi-supervised learning based pulsar candidate sifting algorithm is presented, which adopts a hybrid ensemble clustering scheme of density-based and partition-based methods combined with a feature-level fusion strategy for input data and a data partition strategy for parallelization. Experiments on both HTRU (The High Time Resolution Universe Survey) 2 and FAST actual observation data demonstrate that the proposed algorithm could excellently identify the pulsars: On HTRU2, the precision and recall rates of its parallel mode reach 0.981 and 0.988. On FAST data, those of its parallel mode reach 0.891 and 0.961, meanwhile, the running time also significantly decrease with the increment of parallel nodes within limits. So, we can get the conclusion that our algorithm could be a feasible idea for large scale pulsar candidate sifting of FAST drift scan observation

The Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing on Attention, Negative Affect and Stress in Healthy Adults

A growing number of empirical studies have revealed that diaphragmatic breathing may trigger body relaxation responses and benefit both physical and mental health. However, the specific benefits of diaphragmatic breathing on mental health remain largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of diaphragmatic breathing on cognition, affect, and cortisol responses to stress. Forty participants were randomly assigned to either a breathing intervention group (BIG) or a control group (CG). The BIG received intensive training for 20 sessions, implemented over 8 weeks, employing a real-time feedback device, and an average respiratory rate of 4 breaths/min, while the CG did not receive this treatment. All participants completed pre- and post-tests of sustained attention and affect. Additionally, pre-test and post-test salivary cortisol concentrations were determined in both groups. The findings suggested that the BIG showed a significant decrease in negative affect after intervention, compared to baseline. In the diaphragmatic breathing condition, there was a significant interaction effect of group by time on sustained attention, whereby the BIG showed significantly increased sustained attention after training, compared to baseline. There was a significant interaction effect of group and time in the diaphragmatic breathing condition on cortisol levels, whereby the BIG had a significantly lower cortisol level after training, while the CG showed no significant change in cortisol levels. In conclusion, diaphragmatic breathing could improve sustained attention, affect, and cortisol levels. This study provided evidence demonstrating the effect of diaphragmatic breathing, a mind-body practice, on mental function, from a health psychology approach, which has important implications for health promotion in healthy individuals

Coinfection with influenza virus and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae aggregates inflammatory lung injury and alters gut microbiota in COPD mice

BackgroundAcute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is associated with high mortality rates. Viral and bacterial coinfection is the primary cause of AECOPD. How coinfection with these microbes influences host inflammatory response and the gut microbiota composition is not entirely understood.MethodsWe developed a mouse model of AECOPD by cigarette smoke exposure and sequential infection with influenza H1N1 virus and non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). Viral and bacterial titer was determined using MDCK cells and chocolate agar plates, respectively. The levels of cytokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory cells in the lungs were measured using Bio-Plex and flow cytometry assays. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Correlations between cytokines and gut microbiota were determined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test.ResultsCoinfection with H1N1 and NTHi resulted in more severe lung injury, higher mortality, declined lung function in COPD mice. H1N1 enhanced NTHi growth in the lungs, but NTHi had no effect on H1N1. In addition, coinfection increased the levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules, as well as immune cells including total and M1 macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes, NK cells, and CD4 + T cells. In contrast, alveolar macrophages were depleted. Furthermore, coinfection caused a decline in the diversity of gut bacteria. Muribaculaceae, Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae, and Rikenella were further found to be negatively correlated with cytokine levels, whereas Bacteroides was positively correlated.ConclusionCoinfection with H1N1 and NTHi causes a deterioration in COPD mice due to increased lung inflammation, which is correlated with dysbiosis of the gut microbiota