Roles of Long Noncoding RNAs in Conferring Glioma Progression and Treatment

Accompanying the development of biomedicine, our knowledge of glioma, one of the most common primary intracranial carcinomas, is becoming more comprehensive. Unfortunately, patients with glioblastoma (GBM) still have a dismal prognosis and a high relapse rate, even with standard combination therapy, namely, surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The absence of validated biomarkers is responsible for the majority of these poor outcomes, and reliable therapeutic targets are indispensable for improving the prognosis of patients suffering from gliomas. Identification of both precise diagnostic and accurate prognostic markers and promising therapeutic targets has therefore attracted considerable attention from researchers. Encouragingly, accumulating evidence has demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis and oncogenesis of various categories of human tumors, including gliomas. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate diverse biological behaviors of glioma cells, such as proliferation, invasion and migration, remain poorly understood. Consequently, this review builds on previous studies to further summarize the progress in the field of lncRNA regulation of gliomas over recent years and addresses the potential of lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets

Minicircle-oriP-IFNγ: A Novel Targeted Gene Therapeutic System for EBV Positive Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

) in which the transgene expression was under the transcriptional regulation of oriP promoter.. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and the activity of the IFNγ in tumor sections. Our results demonstrated that mc-oriP vectors mediated comparable gene expression and anti-proliferative effect in the EBV-positive NPC cell line C666-1 compared to mc-CMV vectors. Furthermore, mc-oriP vectors exhibited much lower killing effects on EBV-negative cell lines compared to mc-CMV vectors. The targeted expression of mc-oriP vectors was inhibited by EBNA1-siRNA in C666-1. This selective expression was corroborated in EBV-positive and -negative tumor models. as a safe and highly effective targeted gene therapeutic system for the treatment of EBV positive NPC

Population Genetics and Differential Pathogenicity of the Soybean Brown Stem Rot Pathogen Phialophora Gregata

148 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001.Brown stem rot (BSR) of soybean caused by the soilborne deuteromycete, Phialophora gregata, is of great importance to soybean production of the world. This study was aimed at discovering genetic variation in P. gregata from soybean and the relationship between genetic variation and pathogenicity. AFLP (amplified fragments length polymorphism) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) analyses were used to detect genetic diversity in Phialophora gregata. Various levels of DNA polymorphism were detected among the 45 soybean and mung bean isolates of P. gregata . Generally the estimated average genetic diversity is low for the populations. The technique of ISSR is more effective and economical than that of the AFLP technique used here in detecting genetic variation in P. gregata. Eight polymorphic markers were identified which separated 189 soybean isolates of P. gregata into two distinct genotypes (A and B). The separation of the two genotypes by these eight markers is consistent with that by another marker developed previously based on variations in intergenic spacer of rDNA. There is a correlation between the genotype and the reaction of soybean cultivar to the pathogen. When the two genotypes were mixed in 1:1 ratio, genotype A isolates preferentially infected the susceptible cultivar Sturdy, whereas genotype B isolates preferentially infected the resistant cultivar Bell. The results are consistent with field observations. The inoculation results showed that both genotype A and B isolates can cause brown stem discolorations on both soybean cultivars, but only genotype A isolates caused defoliating symptoms on susceptible cultivar Sturdy. The genotype A isolates were more virulent on susceptible cultivar Sturdy, but the genotype B isolates were more virulent on resistant cultivar Bell. The research showed that P. gregata from soybean exhibited generally low levels of genetic variation. The isolates of P. gregata from soybean can be unambiguously separated into two distinct genotypes (A and B). The two genotypes showed cultivar-preferential infection under both field and greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, the two genotypes caused different disease symptoms on certain cultivars.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Population Genetics and Differential Pathogenicity of the Soybean Brown Stem Rot Pathogen Phialophora Gregata

148 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001.Brown stem rot (BSR) of soybean caused by the soilborne deuteromycete, Phialophora gregata, is of great importance to soybean production of the world. This study was aimed at discovering genetic variation in P. gregata from soybean and the relationship between genetic variation and pathogenicity. AFLP (amplified fragments length polymorphism) and ISSR (inter simple sequence repeat) analyses were used to detect genetic diversity in Phialophora gregata. Various levels of DNA polymorphism were detected among the 45 soybean and mung bean isolates of P. gregata . Generally the estimated average genetic diversity is low for the populations. The technique of ISSR is more effective and economical than that of the AFLP technique used here in detecting genetic variation in P. gregata. Eight polymorphic markers were identified which separated 189 soybean isolates of P. gregata into two distinct genotypes (A and B). The separation of the two genotypes by these eight markers is consistent with that by another marker developed previously based on variations in intergenic spacer of rDNA. There is a correlation between the genotype and the reaction of soybean cultivar to the pathogen. When the two genotypes were mixed in 1:1 ratio, genotype A isolates preferentially infected the susceptible cultivar Sturdy, whereas genotype B isolates preferentially infected the resistant cultivar Bell. The results are consistent with field observations. The inoculation results showed that both genotype A and B isolates can cause brown stem discolorations on both soybean cultivars, but only genotype A isolates caused defoliating symptoms on susceptible cultivar Sturdy. The genotype A isolates were more virulent on susceptible cultivar Sturdy, but the genotype B isolates were more virulent on resistant cultivar Bell. The research showed that P. gregata from soybean exhibited generally low levels of genetic variation. The isolates of P. gregata from soybean can be unambiguously separated into two distinct genotypes (A and B). The two genotypes showed cultivar-preferential infection under both field and greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, the two genotypes caused different disease symptoms on certain cultivars.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD

Removal of coke powder from coking wastewater by extraction technology

Coking wastewater is generated during high-temperature coal carbonization, coal gas purification and chemical products refining. There is a large amount of coke powder in coking wastewater. Various problems have been brought by coke powder. In this study, a novel method was proposed to remove coke powder from coking wastewater. The removal of coke powder was linked with extraction technology. A series of physical and chemical properties of coke powder were characterized by investigating XRF, XPS, elemental analysis and contact angle. Based on &quot;Like Dissolve Like&quot; principle, different extractants were selected to test contact angle of coke powder. Coke powder extraction experiments with the analysis results were carried out. This study provides a new insight to remove coke powder from coking wastewater. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.</p

A Molecular Marker Identifying Subspecific Populations of the Soybean Brown Stem Rot Pathogen, Phialophora gregata

A molecular marker was developed to separate and identify subspecific populations of Phialophora gregata, the causal agent of soybean brown stem rot. A variable DNA region in the intergenic spacer of the nuclear rDNA was identified. Two specific primers flanking the variable region were developed for easy identification of the genotypes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These two specific primers amplified three DNA products. The three PCR products were used to separate isolates of P. gregata into distinct genotypes: A (1,020 bp), B (830 bp), and C (660 bp). Genotype C was found in isolates obtained from Adzuki beans from Japan, whereas all 292 isolates obtained from soybean and the 8 isolates from mung bean belonged to either genotype A or B. The original nondefoliating (type II) strain ATCC 11073 (type culture of P. gregata) belonged to genotype B. The difference between genotypes A and B was due only to an 188-bp insertion or deletion; genotype C, however, differs from genotypes A and B at 58 point mutations, in addition to the length difference. Isolates of both genotypes A and B were widespread in seven Midwestern states. Genotype A was found mostly in certain susceptible soybean cultivars like Sturdy and Pioneer 9305, whereas genotype B was found predominately in brown stem rot-resistant soybean cvs. Bell, IA 3003, and Seiben SS282N. The specific primers were also used to directly detect cultivar-preferential infection by the two genotypes in infected soybean stems growing in the same field. Data from direct detection in soybean stems showed that cultivar-preferential infection by the two genotypes of P. gregata was significant