血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体水平与急性期脑梗死各亚型的关系

Purpose-To study plasma homocysteine(Hcy)/D-dimer levels in patients with differernt subtype of acute cerebral infarction for early etiology diagnosis. Methods: The subjects were 246 acute cerebral infarction patients in the first 24 hours of stroke onset at our hospital. We divided them into large –artery atherosclerosis(LAA) group(n=66), small artery occlusion(SAO) group(n=76), cardio embolism(CE) group(n=40),stroke of other demonstrated etiology(SOE) group (n=11)and stroke of other undemonstrated etiology(SUE) group(n=51) according to the TOAST classification. Plasma homocysteine and D-diamer were determined within the first 24 hours of admission, the differences in subgroups and control group(n=121) were analyzed. Results:Plasma homocysteine levels in LAA group were signficantly higher than other groups(P<0.05), no differences in non-LAA groups(P>0.05);Plasma D-diamer levels in CE group were significant higher than other groups(P<0.05), no differences in non-CE groups(P>0.05). Conclusions: Plasma homocysteine and D-diamer level are associated with subtypes of acute cerebral infarction, and it contributed to early classification diagnosis and individual treatment of patients with acute cerebral infarction.目的：探讨血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体在急性期各亚型脑梗死之间的差异，为临床脑梗死亚型的病因学诊断提供理论依据。方法：收集我院246例24 h内发病的脑梗死患者，根据TOAST分型方法进行病因学分型：大动脉粥样硬化性脑卒中(1arge—artery atherosclerosis，LAA；n=66)、小动脉闭塞性脑卒中(small-artery occlusion ,SAO；n=76)、心源性脑栓塞(cardio embolism，CE；n=40)、其他确定原因引发的缺血性脑卒中(stroke of other demonstrated etiology，SOE；n=11)和不明原因的缺血性脑卒中(stroke of other undemonstrated etiology，SUE；n=51)。在入院24小时内测定血浆同型半胱胺酸（Hcy）和D-二聚体（DD）的含量，并与121例对照组进行比较，分析二者在不同亚型脑梗死及对照组之间的差异。结果：LAA组同型半胱氨酸水平明显高于其它4组及对照组(P<0．05) ，其他 4个亚型(SAA、CA、SOE、SUE)及对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。CE组血浆D-二聚体含量最高,显著高于其他各亚型组及对照组(P<0.05); 其他 4个亚型(SAA、CA、SOE、SUE)及对照组组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论：急性期各亚型脑梗死之间血浆同型半胱胺酸和D-二聚体升高程度不同,这对于临床早期分型诊断及个体化治疗有着重要指导意义

Feasibility study on posterior laminar screw fixation techniques in the axis

AbstractObjectiveTo get morphologic parameters of Chinese adults through observation and measurement on axial laminas, to evaluate the feasibility of placing axial laminar screws and to introduce the technique.MethodsRelative parameters of 28 sets of fresh Chinese adults' axial specimens, including distance from the superior and inferior entry points of axial laminar screws to the superior margins of axial laminas, superior, middle, inferior thickness and height of the axial laminas, length and angle of the axial laminar screw trajectories, distance from the entry points of axial laminar screws to the transverse foramen and central points of the inferior articular process, were measured with a digital caliper and a goniometer. Data were statistically analyzed.ResultsAveragely, distance from the superior and inferior entry points of axial laminar screws to the superior margins of axial laminas was 5 mm and 9 mm, superior, middle, inferior thickness and the height of the axial laminas were 3.2 mm, 6.7 mm, 5.5 mm and 12.8 mm respectively, and the length of the superior and inferior axial laminar screw trajectories was 26.2 mm and 25.5 mm, respectively.ConclusionsIt is feasible and reliable to apply posterior laminar screw fixation techniques to the axes of Chinese adults. Also the C2 laminar screw fixation technique can be taken as a supplementary to conventional posterior screw fixations of C2

Detailed Componential Characterization of Extractable Species with Organic Solvents from Wheat Straw

Componential analysis of extractives is important for better understanding the structure and utilization of biomass. In this investigation, wheat straw (WS) was extracted with petroleum ether (PE) and carbon disulfide (CS2) sequentially, to afford extractable fractions EFPE and EFCS2, respectively. Detailed componential analyses of EFPE and EFCS2 were carried out with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Total extractives were quantified 4.96% by weight compared to the initial WS sample. FTIR and GC/MS analyses results showed that PE was effective for the extraction of ketones and waxes derived compounds; meanwhile CS2 preferred ketones and other species with higher degrees of unsaturation. Steroids were enriched into EFPE and EFCS2 with considerable high relative contents, namely, 64.52% and 79.58%, respectively. XPS analysis showed that most of the C atoms in extractives were contained in the structures of C-C, C-COOR, and C-O. TEM-EDS and EPMA analyses were used to detect trace amount elements, such as Al, Si, P, S, Cl, and Ca atoms. Detailed characterization of extractable species from WS can provide more information on elucidation of extractives in biomass

Relation-aware Ensemble Learning for Knowledge Graph Embedding

Knowledge graph (KG) embedding is a fundamental task in natural language processing, and various methods have been proposed to explore semantic patterns in distinctive ways. In this paper, we propose to learn an ensemble by leveraging existing methods in a relation-aware manner. However, exploring these semantics using relation-aware ensemble leads to a much larger search space than general ensemble methods. To address this issue, we propose a divide-search-combine algorithm RelEns-DSC that searches the relation-wise ensemble weights independently. This algorithm has the same computation cost as general ensemble methods but with much better performance. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in efficiently searching relation-aware ensemble weights and achieving state-of-the-art embedding performance. The code is public at https://github.com/LARS-research/RelEns.Comment: This short paper has been accepted by EMNLP 202

Hepatitis B virus infection and replication in a new cell culture system established by fusing HepG2 cells with primary human hepatocytes

BackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is strictly species and tissue specific, therefore none of the cell models established previously can reproduce the natural infection process of HBV in vitro. The aim of this study was to establish a new cell line that is susceptible to HBV and can support the replication of HBV.MethodsA hybrid cell line was established by fusing primary human hepatocytes with HepG2 cells. The hybrid cells were incubated with HBV-positive serum for 12 hours. HBV DNA was detected by quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR). HBsAg (surface antigen) and HBeAg (extracellular form of core antigen) were observed by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). HBcAg (core antigen) was detected by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) was analyzed by Southern blot hybridization and quantified using real-time PCR.ResultsA new cell line was established and named HepCHLine-7. The extracellular HBV DNA was observed from Day 2 and the levels ranged from 9.80 (± 0.32) × 102 copies/mL to 3.12 (± 0.03) × 104 copies/mL. Intracellular HBV DNA was detected at Day 2 after infection and the levels ranged from 7.92 (± 1.08) × 103 copies/mL to 5.63 (± 0.11) × 105 copies/mL. HBsAg in the culture medium was detected from Day 4 to Day 20. HBeAg secretion was positive from Day 5 to Day 20. HBcAg constantly showed positive signals in approximately 20% (± 0.82%) of hybrid cells. Intracellular HBV cccDNA could be detected as early as 2 days postinfection and the highest level was 15.76 (± 0.26) copies/cell.ConclusionHepCHLine-7 cells were susceptible to HBV and supported the replication of HBV. They are therefore suitable for studying the complete life cycle of HBV

The Ionic Diffusion Model for the Solid Oxide Cathode and Its Verification by the Electrolysis of Ta2O5 in Molten CaCl2

The deoxidation speed of a solid oxide cathode in molten CaCl2 can be estimated by the PRS steady diffusion model of O2, which correlates the deoxidation speed with the precursor porosity, P, the metal-to-oxide molar volume ratio, R, and the cathode volume shrinkage S. The PRS model indicates that the porosity of the oxide cathode has important influence on the deoxidation speed, and provides a very simple equation for the prediction of the optimal cathode porosity. For the electrolysis of Ta205, the porosity of the cathode is better to be within 50%. The model and its predictions have been well verified by the electrolysis of solid Ta205 in molten CaCl2, suggesting the great significance of the PRS model for the high speed and high current efficiency electrolysis of solid compound cathode in molten salts

Phase Control on Surface for the Stabilization of High Energy Cathode Materials of Lithium Ion Batteries.

The development of high energy electrode materials for lithium ion batteries is challenged by their inherent instabilities, which become more aggravated as the energy densities continue to climb, accordingly causing increasing concerns on battery safety and reliability. Here, taking the high voltage cathode of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 as an example, we demonstrate a protocol to stabilize this cathode through a systematic phase modulating on its particle surface. We are able to transfer the spinel surface into a 30 nm shell composed of two functional phases including a rock-salt one and a layered one. The former is electrochemically inert for surface stabilization while the latter is designated to provide necessary electrochemical activity. The precise synthesis control enables us to tune the ratio of these two phases, and achieve an optimized balance between improved stability against structural degradation without sacrificing its capacity. This study highlights the critical importance of well-tailored surface phase property for the cathode stabilization of high energy lithium ion batteries

N-(2-Amino­ethyl)-5-(dimethyl­amino)naphthalene-1-sulfonamide

In the title compound, C14H19N3O2S, the N atom of the dimethyl­amino group and the S atom are displaced by 0.078 (2) and 0.084 (2) Å, respectively, from the naphthalene ring plane. The 2-amino­ethyl group has a coiled conformation with an N—C—C—NH2 torsion angle of 53.6 (4)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯N and weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into chains along [001]

Bis(benzothia­zol-2-ylmeth­yl)amine

In the title compound, C16H13N3S2, the dihedral angle between the two benzothia­zole ring systems is 20.41 (2)°. In the crystal structure, inter­molecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds link mol­ecules into a chain along the b axis. The packing is further stabilized by C—H⋯π stacking inter­actions involving the two benzothia­zole ring systems